Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/796 of 24 April 2025 imposing a definitive countervailing duty on imports of mobile access equipment originating in the People’s Republic of China and amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/45 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of mobile access equipment originating in the People’s Republic of China

(102) https://www.bde.es/f/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/PublicacionesSeriadas/DocumentosTrabajo/08/Fic/dt0821e.pdf.

(103) https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/SDP-2018-6.pdf.

(104) See recital (346) of the GFF case and recital (530) of the BEV case (provisional Regulation).

(105) See for example: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_of_credit, https://users.ssc.wisc.edu/~jchoi266/Choi_Jason_JMP.pdf, https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~sternfin/vacharya/public_html/pdfs/working-papers/ARFE_ContingentCredit_AJS.pdfARFE_ContingentCredit_AJS.pdf (nyu.edu), https://www.business.hsbc.uk/-/media/library/business-uk/pdfs/156-business-banking-price-list.pdf.

(106) https://pic.bankofchina.com/bocappd/report/202403/P020240328682010029214.pdf, p. 266.

(107) See example Bank of China: Credit Line https://www.bankofchina.com/en/cbservice/cb2/cb22/200806/t20080630_1324055.html (bankofchina.com).

(108) https://www.metrobankonline.co.uk/business/borrowing/products/business-overdrafts/ consulted on 24.2.2025.

(109) https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/commercial-lending/commitment-fee/; https://content.next.westlaw.com/Glossary/PracticalLaw/I03f4dae6eee311e28578f7ccc38dcbee?transitionType= Default&contextData=(sc.Default), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_of_credit.

(110) See website of the People’s Bank of China: https://www.boc.cn/en/cbservice/cncb6/cb61/200811/t20081112_1324239.html.

(111) Ibid.

(112) See website of DBS Bank: https://www.dbs.com.cn/corporate/financing/working-capital/bank-acceptance-draft-bad-issuance.

(113) https://english.www.gov.cn/services/doingbusiness/202102/24/content_WS6035f46ec6d0719374af97ba.html.

(114) See GFF case, recitals (359) to (370), Aluminium foil case, recitals (334) to (356), and OFC case, recitals (358) to (370).

(115) See GFF case, recital (381).

(116) See for example the case of Canada: https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/SDP-2018-6.pdfm.

(117) In line with the rate set in the Administrative measures for payment and settlement 393/1997, issued by the PBOC.

(118) See GFF case, recital (385), Aluminium foil case, recital (353), and OFC case, recital (373).

(119) See GFF case recital (399), and Aluminium foil case, recital (356).

(120) https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/quarterly_review/1981v6/v6n2article6.pdf.

(121) Lastly amended on 28 December 2019 by Presidential Decree No 37 with effect from 1 March 2020.

(122) See OFC case, recitals (400) and (401).

(123) https://assets.bbhub.io/professional/sites/10/China-bond-market-booklet-2022.pdf, p. 15.

(124) Idem, p. 33.

(125) OECD Study on Chinese export credit policies and programmes, page 7, para 32, available at https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=TAD/ECG(2015)3&doclanguage=en, last accessed on 18 August 2021.

(126) See Sinosure website, Company profile, Supporting ‘Made in China’, https://www.sinosure.com.cn/en/Resbonsiblity/smic/index.shtml, last accessed on 17 August 2021.

(127) See footnote 30, 14 FYP Construction Machinery EN, p 179, under points 4 and 5.

(128) https://zjjcmspublic.oss-cn-hangzhou-zwynet-d01a.internet.cloud.zj.gov.cn/jcms_files/jcms1/web1585/site/attach/0/157823f5651e42ea85038c86b74becca.pdf, Section IV.1 Key tasks.

(129) See Tyres case cited in footnote 5, recital 429.

(130) https://www.sinosure.com.cn/en/Sinosure/Profile/index.shtml, last accessed on 18 August 2021.

(131) China’s High-tech Products Export Catalogue, e.g. No 775, 780, 781, 1035, 1098, 1100, 1104, 1107 and 1109.

(132) http://www.mMAEom.gov.cn/aarticle/b/g/200411/20041100300040.html, last accessed on 12 August 2021.

(133) Sinosure Annual Report 2022, p. 10, www.sinosure.com.cn/images/xwzx/ndbd/2022/07/01/614A436D74F31027D0FF4290DBC964F8.pdf.

(134) Sinosure Annual Report 2023, p. 19, www.sinosure.com.cn/images/xwzx/ndbd/2024/07/09/961D4764432B71CF10660C000F29D9F9.pdf.

(135) Sinosure Annual Report 2023, p. 3. www.sinosure.com.cn/images/xwzx/ndbd/2024/07/09/961D4764432B71CF10660C000F29D9F9.pdf .

(136) 98/C 394/04 (OJ C 394, 17.12.1998, p. 6).

(137) G/SCM/W/Rev.2*.

(138) Softwood Lumber IV Panel Report, paras. 7.23-7.24.

(139) WTO Panel Report, United States - Preliminary Determinations With Respect To Certain Softwood Lumber From Canada, WT/DS236/R, paras. 5.4 et seq, (adopted on 1 November 2002).

(140) See Land Administration Law of the PRC of 25 June 1986, as amended, available at: https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC003560.

(141) See Regulation on the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the PRC of 27 December 1998, as amended, available at: https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC170451.

(142) See https://law.pkulaw.com/chinalaw/d8db5e659bc282b9bdfb.html.

(143) See https://law.pkulaw.com/chinalaw/66cde758ad66f43bbdfb.html.

(144) See https://law.pkulaw.com/chinalaw/6ef282863f024c04bdfb.html.

(145) See https://law.pkulaw.com/chinalaw/58891db210496a5fbdfb.html?keyword=%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%89%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E7%94%A8%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%9D%83.

(146) See https://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2006-09/05/content_378186.htm.

(147) See HRF case recitals (295) to (299), Tyres case recitals (488) to (490), GFF case recitals (500) to (502), OFC case recitals (541) to (543), ACF case recitals (540) to (548), BEV case recitals (681) to (683).

(148) See Tyres case, GFF case, OFC case, and ACF case.

(149) Upheld by the General Court in Case T-444/11 Gold East Paper and Gold Huacheng Paper versus Council, Judgment of the General Court of 11 September 2014 ECLI:EU:T:2014:773.

(150) See GFF, OCS, Solar panels, OFC and BEV cases.

(151) https://lvr.land.moi.gov.tw.

(152) Implementing Regulations of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China (Revised in 2019) - Order of the State Council of the People's Republic of China No. 714.

(153) http://kj.quanzhou.gov.cn/wsbs/xgxz/201703/t20170322_431820.htm.

(154) It is considered that the cooperating exporting producers represent nearly 100 % of the imports to the Union from the PRC.

(155) Imports statistics in Comext were reported in tonnes. The Commission converted the tonnes to units based on a conversion ratio established based on the data of the cooperating exporting producers.

(156) Imports statistics in Comext were reported in tonnes. The Commission converted the tonnes to units based on a conversion ratio established based on the data of the cooperating exporting producers.

(157) As explained in Section 4.1, imports of the JLG Group to the Union were not considered as being subsidised and were thus treated as ‘other imports’.

(158) The data on import volumes are presented in ranges in order not to allow disclosing sensitive information on import prices of JLG.

(159) As explained in Section 4.1, imports of the JLG Group to the Union were not considered as being subsidised and were thus treated as ‘other imports’.

(160) The Commission used a conversion factor of 4 888 kg per unit.

(161) Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Union (OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 21, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/1036/oj).

(162) See WT/DS379/AB/R, paragraphs 541-542, 543, 599 and 602. See also Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/776 of 12 June 2020 imposing definitive countervailing duties on imports of certain woven and/or stitched glass fibre fabrics originating in the People’s Republic of China and Egypt and amending Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/492 imposing definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of certain woven and/or stitched glass fibre fabrics originating in the People's Republic of China and Egypt (OJ L 189, 15.6.2020, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2020/776/oj), rec. (1135) et seq.

(163) Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff (OJ L 256, 7.9.1987, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/1987/2658/oj).

(164) Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 September 2024 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union (OJ L, 2024/2509, 26.9.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2509/oj).