Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1707 of 25 July 2025 laying down rules for the application of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards specific methods, requirements and tests, including compliance thresholds, for OBFCM devices and OBM systems, characteristics and performance of driver warning systems and inducement methods and methods to assess their operation, EVP format and data and methods of communication of EVP data of motor vehicles of categories M1 and N1

• 2.3.1.4.The driver warnings may be temporarily interrupted as required to display important safety and other emissions control system related warnings to the driver.

• 2.3.1.5.When an OBM driver warning coincides with the continuous warning described in paragraph 3.4 of Appendix 6 of UN Regulation No 154, both driver warnings may be displayed simultaneously to the driver, if possible. If simultaneous display of the driver warnings is not possible, the driver warnings shall be suppressed temporarily for the duration of the continuous warning and the ‘OBM warning distance’ shall be managed according to the following rules:

• — For values of the ‘OBM warning distance’ at time of driver warning suppression between 0 and 1 400 : At the end of the continuous warning described in paragraph 3.4 of Appendix 6 of UN Regulation No 154, reset the ‘OBM warning distance’ to 1 400  km or the value at the time of reset, whichever is lower,

• — For values of the ‘OBM warning distance’ at time of driver warning suppression between 1 400 and 2 400 : At the end of the continuous warning described in paragraph 3.4 of Appendix 6 of UN Regulation No 154, manufacturers may reset the ‘OBM warning distance’ to a minimum of 2 350  km. For values of the ‘OBM warning distance’ above 2 400 before inducement has started: Reset and freeze the ‘OBM warning distance’ to 2 400  km for the duration of the continuous warning described in paragraph 3.4 of Appendix 6 of UN Regulation No 154.

• 2.3.2. Low-level warning

• 2.3.2.1.When the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter value is lower than 1 400  km and any of the monitoring statuses of exhaust emissions is set to ‘Error’, the driver warnings shall be displayed for a sufficient period upon activation of the powertrain.

• 2.3.3. Delayed activation of the MI and display of the driver warnings.

• 2.3.3.1.Without prejudice to other criteria for MI activation, while the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter described in paragraph 2.2.3 has a value lower than 400 km, manufacturers may delay activation of the MI, as specified in paragraph 2.3.1, and the display of the low-level warning, as specified in paragraph 2.3.2. If the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter reaches a value of 400 km while the activation of MI and display of warnings are delayed, the low-level warning shall be displayed to the driver without waiting until the next activation of the powertrain.

• 2.3.3.2.When the ‘Level 2 – Possible tampering detected’ status is set in the ‘Tampering status’ parameter as defined in Annex I, paragraph 1.10, the delayed activation of the MI and display of the driver warnings shall not be permitted.

• 2.3.4. High-level warning

• 2.3.4.1.When the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter value is equal to or greater than 1 400  km and the inducement method is not yet activated and any of the monitoring statuses of exhaust emissions is set to ‘Error’, a driver warning shall be persistently displayed.

• 2.3.5. Inducement method warning

• 2.3.5.1.When the inducement method is activated as described in paragraph 2.4, a driver warning shall be continuously displayed and clearly indicate that the repair inducement system is active. The warning shall also indicate the number of remaining restarts or the remaining distance before engine start is prohibited, depending on the type of inducement method installed.

• 2.3.5.2.When the repair inducement warning period has expired, a clear continuous warning indicating engine starts are prohibited shall be displayed.

• 2.3.6. Suppression of the driver warnings following a monitoring status update

• 2.3.6.1.Without prejudice to other criteria for MI activation, if the driver warning system has been activated as described in paragraphs 2.3.1 to 2.3.4 and all monitoring statuses of exhaust emissions that were set to ‘Error’ have transitioned to ‘Normal’ or ‘Intermediate’, the driver warnings and MI activation may be suppressed at the start of the next OBM trip.

• 2.4. Inducement method to facilitate repairs

• 2.4.1. General requirements of inducement method to facilitate repairs

• 2.4.1.1.The vehicle shall be equipped with an inducement method to ensure appropriate repairs to emissions control systems are carried out when faults or tampering that prevent adequate emissions control or monitoring and justify a repair have been identified by the OBM system.

• 2.4.1.2.The inducement method shall be designed to ensure the vehicle cannot be operated using its engine if the sequence of driver warnings is ignored. Hybrid vehicle operation in zero-emission mode may remain unrestricted during active inducement.

• 2.4.1.3.The requirement for the inducement method shall not apply to vehicles designed and constructed for use by the rescue services, armed services, civil defence, fire services and forces responsible for maintaining public order. Permanent deactivation of the driver inducement system for these vehicles shall only be done by the vehicle manufacturer.

• 2.4.2. Activation of the inducement method

• 2.4.2.1.An inducement method in accordance with point 2.4.4 shall be activated at the start of the next OBM trip following the warning distance counter exceeding 2 400  km, provided any of the monitoring statuses remains in ‘Error’.

• 2.4.3. Pausing and deactivation of the inducement method following a monitoring status update

• 2.4.3.1.If, after the inducement method was activated, all the monitoring statuses in ‘Error’ have transitioned to ‘Normal’ or ‘Intermediate’, the countdown of distance or number of engine starts may be paused and the driver warning may be hidden as long as all monitoring statuses are not in ‘Error’.

• 2.4.3.2.If the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter decrements to a value less than 2 400  km, the inducement method may be deactivated at the start of the next OBM trip.

• 2.4.4. Manufacturer options for inducement methods

• 2.4.4.1.The manufacturer shall select one option of inducement methods to install from those described in paragraphs 2.4.4.2 to 2.4.4.5.

• 2.4.4.2. Option A – no engine starts after maximum number of engine starts

• 2.4.4.2.1.This option allows a countdown of engine starts remaining once the inducement system activates. Engine restarts shall be prevented at the start of the next new OBM trip after the number of engine restarts performed since activation of inducement reaches a maximum value of no more than 20. Engine starts initiated by the vehicle control system, such as start-stop systems, or engine restarts resulting from an engine stall condition shall not be included in this countdown.

• 2.4.4.3. Option B – no engine starts after remaining distance

• 2.4.4.3.1.This option allows a countdown of distance once the inducement system starts. Engine restarts shall be prevented at the next new OBM trip after the vehicle has driven, with the engine running, a maximum distance of no more than the average driving range of one full tank of fuel since the activation of the repair inducement. Engine restarts initiated by the vehicle control system, such as start-stop systems, or engine restarts resulting from an engine stall condition shall be permitted after maximum distance has been exceeded. The average driving range of one full fuel tank shall be derived from the fuel consumption as determined from a Type 1 test.

• 2.4.4.4. Option C – no engine start after refuelling

• 2.4.4.4.1.This option results in a vehicle being unable to start after re-fuelling if the inducement system has activated.

• 2.4.4.5. Option D – fuel lockout

• 2.4.4.5.1.This option prevents the vehicle from being refuelled by locking the fuel filler system after the inducement system activates. The lockout system shall be robust to prevent it being tampered with.

• 2.4.5. Reactivation of inducement after failed repair

• 2.4.5.1.After a repair has been carried out to correct a fault where the OBM system has activated the inducement method as defined in paragraph 2.4.2 and engine start has been inhibited, the inducement method may be deactivated by a generic scan tool or service tool to enable the vehicle to be restarted.

• 2.4.5.2.The vehicle shall operate for a maximum of 400 km with the internal combustion engine running, distributed over several OBM trips, or a single OBM trip exceeding 400 km to enable the success of the repair to be validated. If the monitoring status of any exhaust emissions resets to ‘Error’ during the validation period, the ‘OBM warning distance’ counter shall reset to 2 401  km and the inducement system shall be activated at the start of the next OBM trip.

• 2.4.5.3.After reactivation of the inducement system, the maximum number of engine starts permitted shall be limited to no more than 3. Engine starts initiated by the vehicle control system, such as start-stop systems, or engine restarts resulting from an engine stall condition shall not be included in this countdown.

• 2.5. Information requirements

• 2.5.1.The manufacturer shall deliver new vehicles with clear information in user manuals or other appropriate means to ensure that vehicle users are aware of the functionality of driver warnings and inducement methods of the excess exhaust emissions driver warning system.

Appendix 1

Schematic diagrams

Figure 1

Display of driver warnings

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 2

Operation of ‘OBM warning distance’ counter

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 3

Inducement method to facilitate repairs

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4

Operation of ‘OBM distance since monitoring status reset’ and ‘OBM warning distance – lifetime’ counters

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 5

OBM reset using a generic scan tool / service tool

Image omitted; see official source

ANNEX III

DECLARATION OF COMPLIANCE

1. Introduction

• 1.1.This annex sets out the requirements for providing and formatting the Declaration of Compliance with OBM, EVP and in-vehicle display of environmental data requirements.

• 1.2.Templates for the Declaration of Compliance and the related demonstration form are found in Appendix 1 and Appendix 2, respectively.

2. Attribution of OBM family identifier

• 2.1.Manufacturers shall define OBM families and attribute a unique OBM family identifier.

• 2.2.Each of the OBM families shall be attributed a unique identifier using the following format:

• OM-nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn-WMI

• where:

• (a) ‘nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn’ is a string with a maximum of fifteen characters, restricted to using the characters 0-9, A-Z and the underscore character ‘_’.

• (b) ‘WMI’ (world manufacturer identifier) is a code that identifies a manufacturer in a unique manner defined in ISO 3780:2009.

• 2.3.The WMI owner shall ensure (i) that the combination of the string ‘nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn’ and the WMI is unique to the OBM family; and (ii) that the string ‘nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn’ is unique within that WMI.

• 2.4.Small-volume manufacturers shall attribute OBM family identifiers and use the declaration format in Appendix 1 for the purposes of declaring compliance with EVP and in-vehicle display of environmental data requirements.

3. Attribution of OBM declaration number

• 3.1.Manufacturers shall attribute a unique declaration number to each Declaration of Compliance according to Appendix 1 using the following format:

• OM-nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn-WMI/xxxx

• where:

• (a) OM-nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn-WMI is the OBM family identifier of the OBM family covered by the declaration.

• (b) xxxx is the sequential number starting at 0000 for the first declaration, which is increased with every update of the declaration.

• 3.2.The Manufacturer shall supply the applicable OBM declaration number in each declaration and its updates as shown in Appendix 1.

4. Supply of OBM family identifiers

• 4.1.The OBM family identifier shall be supplied as follows:

• 4.1.1.Affixed in the header of the Declaration of Compliance as shown in Appendix 1. Any new OBM family should give rise to a ‘first declaration’ by the manufacturer as shown in Appendix 1.

• 4.1.2.Included in the transparency list under point 3.2.1 of Annex II to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706.

Appendix 1

MANUFACTURER’S DECLARATION OF COMPLIANCE WITH OBM, EVP AND IN-VEHICLE DISPLAY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA REQUIREMENTS

• □ First declaration [new OBM family] ([^E0004])

• □ Update of first declaration [existing OBM family] ⁽²⁾

Submitted to the granting Type Approval Authority on: -[date]--

OBM family identifier: […] ([^E0005]) - OBM declaration number: […] ([^E0006])

(Manufacturer): …

(Address of the manufacturer): …

Declares that:

• (1) For the Vehicle Type(s), Family(ies) or other vehicle descriptor(s) ([^E0007]) listed in Annex II to this declaration are in compliance with the Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 and its implementing legislation relating to OBM, EVP and in-vehicle display of environmental data;

• (2) The OBM information documentation in Annex III to this declaration describing the detailed technical criteria attached to this declaration is correct and complete for all vehicles to which this declaration applies; Annex IV to this declaration lists any exemptions applicable to these vehicles related to the OBM provisions laid down in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1707;

• (3) A simple demonstration of the functioning of the OBM has been performed with the granting type approval authority as described in Annex I to this declaration (workflow process), when applicable below:

• (4) - □ first declaration [demonstration is performed, where applicable]

• (5) - □ update of first declaration or small volume manufacturer vehicle [demonstration is not applicable]: … (please mention which situation is applicable, i.e.: update, small-volume manufacturer or other(s))

• (6) Applicable Emission sub-character(s) are the following (see table 3 of Appendix 6 of Annex I to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706:

• (7) - □ first declaration: … ([^E0008])

• (8) - □ update of first declaration: … ([^E0009])

Done at [… Place ([^E0010]) ]

On [… Date]

[Name and signature of Person authorised by the Manufacturer or Manufacturer’s Representative ([^E0011])]

Attachments:

Annex I: Completed Demonstration Form (see Appendix 2 to Annex III of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1707

Annex II: List of Vehicle Type(s), Family(ies) or other vehicle descriptor(s) to which this declaration applies, and which constitute the OBM family, with indication of applicable sub-characters in accordance with Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706, Annex I, Appendix 6, Table 3

Annex III: Additional OBM documentation

Annex IV: list of any exemptions applicable to these vehicles related to the OBM provisions laid down in this Regulation

Appendix 2

DEMONSTRATION FORM

SIMPLE DEMONSTRATION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE OBM SYSTEM WORKFLOW DESCRIPTION AND STEPS

1. Preliminary steps and conditions for the simple demonstration of the functioning of the OBM system:

• □ the demonstration is based on a single OBM trip.

• □ the demonstration is performed on a vehicle that is free of faults or tampering that prevent adequate emissions control or monitoring and justify a repair.

• □ the demonstration is performed on a vehicle that is covered by the declaration referred to in Article 12(1) and included in Appendix 1 to Annex III.

2. The demonstration covers the verification of the functionality of the following elements:

• □ the OBM system provides unrestricted access to OBM data stored in the vehicle and to time-resolved nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions signals and other auxiliary signals to support emissions testing from the vehicle’s standard OBD port according to Article 10 of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1707.

• □ the EEEDWS has assigned the OBM monitoring status of NOx and particulate matter (PM) in accordance with Article 4(1)(a) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1707.

• □ the OBM system has performed the evaluation of exhaust emissions of NOx at the end of an OBM trip, with no accuracy requirements verified at the time of demonstration.

3. The demonstration is not applicable ([^E0012]):

• □ Small-volume manufacturer exemption (Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257).

• □ Update of existing declaration.

ANNEX IV

METHODS FOR IN-SERVICE CONFORMITY CHECKS AND MARKET SURVEILLANCE OF OBM SYSTEMS

This Annex sets out the in-service conformity (ISC) methodology for checking the conformity of the NOx and PM emissions monitoring performed by OBM systems, and market surveillance methods for the verification of compliance with the general requirements of OBM systems.

PART A

In-service conformity checks of OBM systems

1. INTRODUCTION

• 1.1.In-service conformity checks of OBM systems shall ensure that the OBM system present in a sample of vehicles belonging to the same OBM family as defined in point 2 performs calculations of distance-specific emissions of NOx with reasonable accuracy and that no systematic underestimation of emissions occurs.

• 1.2.In-service conformity checks shall also ensure that OBM systems are capable of detecting exceedances of at least 2,5 times the relevant exhaust emission limit values set out in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 for both NOx and PM.

• 1.3.In-service conformity checks shall be performed by vehicle manufacturers and granting type-approval authorities.

• 1.4.In-service conformity checks may be performed by the Commission and recognised third parties.

• 1.5.In-service conformity checks shall have no minimum frequency requirements.

2. OBM FAMILY DEFINITION

• 2.1.For the purposes of in-service conformity testing of OBM systems, an OBM family shall consist of vehicles that are covered by the same declaration of compliance in accordance with Annex III.

3. VEHICLE SELECTION CRITERIA AND ELIGIBILITY FOR TESTING

• 3.1.The granting type-approval authority and other relevant entities shall collect necessary information to determine which OBM families to check. Anonymous OBM data submitted by manufacturers to authorities according to Article 11 shall be considered.

• 3.2.In-service conformity checks of OBM systems shall be performed for a period of up to 200 000  km or 10 years, whichever comes first.

• 3.3.In addition to the eligibility criteria for in-service conformity checks from Article 14, the applicable technical vehicle selection criteria will be those laid out in Annex II to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706.

4. OBM IN-SERVICE CONFORMITY TESTS

• 4.1.The in-service conformity checks of OBM systems shall be performed by means of a laboratory or on-road emissions test. For on-road tests with PEMS equipment, the validation procedure laid down in Annex 6 of UN Regulation No 168 shall be followed.

• 4.2.The tests shall be performed in such a manner that the emissions and distances covered by the emissions test and the corresponding OBM trip are the same.

• 4.3.The checks shall be performed on a sample of vehicles belonging to the same OBM family, and the results shall be evaluated according to the evaluation method described in paragraph 5. Each vehicle tested shall contribute, at most, two results to the verification described in paragraph 5.1 and two results to the verification described in paragraph 5.2 (one result for PM and one result for NOx).

• 4.4.In-service conformity checks of OBM systems shall be conducted in parallel with the ISC tests for verifying compliance with tailpipe emission limits, as outlined in Annex II to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706 The same emissions test (RDE or Type 1) shall support both testing methodologies.

• 4.5.As an alternative method, the in-service conformity checks of OBM systems according to paragraph 1.1 may be performed using any on-road trip longer than 40 minutes and 20 kilometres which complies with the ambient and dynamic trip conditions laid down in points 8.1 and 8.2 of UN Regulation No 168, with a maximum speed of 160 km/h. If a part of the test or the entire test is performed outside of extended conditions, or if the maximum speed is exceeded, the test shall be considered invalid.

• 4.6.A vehicle with at least one monitoring status of exhaust emissions set to ‘Intermediate’ prior to testing shall undergo a pre-conditioning procedure. During this pre-conditioning, the vehicle shall be driven for at least 40 minutes and 20 kilometres with the internal combustion engine running. The pre-conditioning shall include at least 5 consecutive minutes in which the vehicle shall be driven with a velocity of 90 km/h or higher. After preconditioning, the powertrain shall be deactivated, and all the monitoring statuses of exhaust emissions shall be read. Vehicles shall be eligible for ISC testing if none of the monitoring statuses is set to ‘Error’.

• 4.7.A vehicle with an ‘OBM distance since monitoring status reset’ (parameter 1.51 of Annex I) value of less than 400 km shall undergo pre-conditioning as described in paragraph 4.6 until this parameter exceeds 400 km.

5. EVALUATION OF TEST RESULTS

• 5.1.The results of the emissions test shall be used to check the accuracy of the calculation of distance-specific exhaust emissions of NOx performed by the OBM system according to Article 6.

• 5.2.If the results of the emission test are equal or greater than 2,5 times the relevant exhaust emission limit values set out in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 for either NOx or PM, the results of the emissions test shall be used to verify that the OBM system can detect such exceedances. This verification shall not apply to tests performed using the alternative method described in paragraph 4.6.

• 5.3.At the end of the emissions test, the value reported by the OBM system for the ‘Distance-specific NOx’ for the OBM trip (parameter 2.5 of Annex I) and the distance-specific NOx emissions value for the trip as measured by the emissions laboratory or PEMS equipment shall be recorded and compared.

• 5.4.The distance-specific NOx emissions value for the trip as measured by PEMS equipment shall be calculated by dividing the cumulated NOx mass emissions over the trip by the total trip distance. The PEMS margin correction from paragraph 4 of Annex 11 to UN Regulation No 168 and the corrections from paragraph 5 of Annex 7 to the same Regulation shall apply.

• 5.5.Neither the value from the OBM system nor the value measured by the emissions laboratory or PEMS equipment shall be modified by any other correcting factors.

6. STATISTICAL PROCEDURE FOR OBM IN-SERVICE CONFORMITY

• 6.1.Prior to the performance of the first OBM ISC test for an OBM family, the manufacturer, accredited laboratory or technical service (‘party’) shall notify the intent of performing in-service conformity testing of a given OBM family to the granting type-approval authority. Upon this notification, the granting type-approval authority shall open a new statistical folder to process the results for the OBM family to process the results for that particular party or that pool of parties.

• 6.2.Test results from two or more accredited laboratories or technical services may be pooled for the purposes of a common statistical procedure.

• 6.3.The pooling of test results shall require the written consent from all the interested parties providing test results to a pool of results, and a notification to the granting type-approval authority prior to the start of testing.

• 6.4.One of the parties pooling test results shall be designated as leader of the pool and be responsible for data reporting and communication with the granting type-approval authority.

• 6.5.The sample size in a statistical folder shall be ten vehicles.

7. COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT

• 7.1.The decision regarding the compliance of an OBM family according to paragraphs 1.1 and 1.2 shall be made according to Appendix 1.

• 7.2.The decision regarding the compliance of an OBM family according to paragraph 1.1 shall be made every time that the sample size is reached, and the number of vehicles in the sample shall be reset to zero thereafter.

• 7.3.The decision regarding the compliance of an OBM family according to paragraph 1.2 shall be made when the emissions test result is equal or greater than 2,5 times the applicable emission limit for PM or NOx.

• 7.4.The durability multipliers for adjusting exhaust emission limits under Annex 1 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 shall apply during additional lifetime.

8. REPORTING, CORRECTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES

• 8.1.If an OBM family is found to be non-compliant, type-approval authorities shall require the manufacturer to take measures in accordance with Chapter XI of Regulation (EU) 2018/858. The granting type-approval authority may extend the investigations to vehicles in service of the same manufacturer belonging to other ISC families with the same OBM system which are likely to be affected by the same non-compliance.

• 8.2.The OBM system compliance testing shall be part of the annual report by the granting type-approval authority.

PART B

Market surveillance of OBM systems

9. INTRODUCTION

• 9.1.OBM market surveillance checks shall ensure that the OBM system of vehicles placed in the market complies with the general requirements laid out in Articles 3 to 10.

• 9.2.Market surveillance tests of OBM systems shall have no minimum frequency requirements.

10. VEHICLE SELECTION CRITERIA AND ELIGIBILITY FOR TESTING

• 10.1.Market surveillance authorities shall select the vehicles to be tested based on a risk assessment. They shall consider anonymous OBM data submitted from manufacturers to authorities.

• 10.2.Market surveillance tests shall be performed for as long as vehicles are in use.

11. COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT

• 11.1.Market surveillance authorities shall perform an assessment of compliance of vehicles with the general requirements of OBM systems and of the EEEDWS.

• 11.2.As part of this verification of general requirements, market surveillance authorities shall verify the integrity of OBM data from its production to its submission by the vehicle manufacturer. This verification may be performed by tracing OBM datasets from selected test trips by means of their hash values, or through other appropriate methods.

12. REPORTING, CORRECTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES

• 12.1.If an OBM family is found to be non-compliant, market surveillance authorities shall proceed in accordance with Chapter XI of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

• 12.2.The market surveillance authority may extend the investigations to vehicles in service of the same manufacturer belonging to other OBM families with the same OBM system which are likely to be affected by the same non-compliance.

Appendix 1

Compliance criteria for an OBM family

1. Compliance criteria according to Part A, paragraph 1.1

Where 10 pairs of a distance-specific NOx emissions value from an emission test and a ‘Distance-specific NOx’ value for the corresponding OBM trip are available, the compliance of the OBM family with the accuracy requirements for the calculation of distance-specific exhaust emissions of NOx can be established based on the differences between the pairs.

If an emissions test result is equal or greater than 2,5 times the applicable emission limit for PM or NOx, or if the OBM monitoring status for NOx (parameter 1.47) changes to ‘Error’ following the test, the distance-specific NOx emissions value from such emission test and the ‘Distance-specific NOx’ value for the corresponding OBM trip shall not count toward the 10 pairs for the calculation of compliance criteria described in this paragraph.

Δ shall be calculated as the average difference between the distance-specific NOx emissions from emissions test results (NOxemissions,i) and the ‘Distance-specific NOx’ for the OBM trip (NOxOBM,i) for all valid tests:

Image omitted; see official source

σ shall be calculated as the root-mean-square of the differences over all tests:

Image omitted; see official source

The OBM family shall be compliant in the following cases:

• — If Δ is equal or smaller than zero.

• — If Δ is greater than zero but smaller than 30 % of the applicable NOx limit, and σ is less than 50 % of the applicable NOx limit.

In any other case, the OBM family shall be non-compliant, and the procedure of paragraph 7 shall apply.

2. Compliance criteria according to Part A, paragraph 1.2

If the emissions test result is equal or greater than 2,5 times the applicable emission limit for PM or NOx, specific compliance criteria shall apply based on the results of the single test. The results from such tests shall not be considered for compliance according to Part A, paragraph 1.1.

The OBM family shall be compliant in the following cases:

• — When the emissions test result is equal or greater than 2,5 times the applicable emission limit for PM: — If the OBM monitoring status for PM is set to ‘Error’ following the OBM trip corresponding to the emissions test.

• — When the emissions test result is equal or greater than 2,5 times the applicable emission limit for NOx: — If the OBM monitoring status for NOx is set to ‘Error’ following the OBM trip corresponding to the emissions test. — If the OBM monitoring status for NOx is not set to ‘Error’ after the OBM trip corresponding to the emissions test, and the difference between the distance-specific NOx emissions measured during the emissions test and the ‘Distance-specific NOx’ for the OBM trip (parameter 2.5 of Annex I) is equal to or less than 30 % of the distance-specific NOx emissions measured during the emissions test (i.e., the OBM system does not underreport NOx emissions during the test by more than 30 %).

In any other case, the OBM family shall be non-compliant, and the procedure of paragraph 8 shall apply.

ANNEX V

ENVIRONMENTAL VEHICLE PASSPORT

1. Introduction

• 1.1.This Annex describes the requirements related to the environmental vehicle passport (EVP). It provides the format and data about the vehicle type to be covered, as well as the off-board communication methods for the EVP.

2. Data requirements

• 2.1.Each EVP shall include, as a minimum, the fields listed in the tables in Appendix 1 to this Annex, where applicable.

• 2.2.Where available, the EVP shall use the fields from the vehicle’s certificate of conformity (CoC) referred to in Article 36(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/858 corresponding to the field identifiers from Annex VIII of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/683.

• 2.3.Unless otherwise specified, manufacturers shall use the same units used in the vehicle’s Certificate of Conformity (CoC).

3. EVP issuance and update

• 3.1.Initial issuance

• 3.1.1.Manufacturers shall issue an EVP for each vehicle and deliver it to the purchaser together with the vehicle, extracting the relevant data from sources, such as the certificate of conformity and the type-approval documentation. EVP issuance and delivery methods shall use digital means.

• 3.2.EVP updates

• 3.2.1.Manufacturers shall ensure that EVP data reflect updates in the relevant CoC fields.

4. Data format and off-board communication methods for the EVP

• 4.1.QR code requirements

• 4.1.1.Manufacturers shall ensure that EVP data are available for display through a QR code.

• 4.1.2.The QR code shall be printed or engraved visibly, legibly, and indelibly on the vehicle. Gaining access to the QR code shall not require any disassembly. The location of the QR code shall be clearly described in the vehicle owner’s information manual.

• 4.1.3.As an alternative to the requirements set out in paragraph 4.1.2, the QR code may be displayed in a suitable in-vehicle display. In that case, the QR code shall be accessible by the user through no more than five selectable screens or submenu selections from the home or default display screen.

• 4.1.4.The QR code shall be in high contrast to the background colour and of a size that is easily readable by a commonly available QR code reader, such as those integrated in hand-held communication devices.

• 4.2.Display and accessibility of EVP

• 4.2.1.EVP data provided through a website shall be accessible to persons with disabilities, in accordance with Directive (EU) 2019/882 of the European Parliament and of the Council.

• 4.2.2.EVP data shall be accessible via a secure web link. The QR code referred to in paragraph 4.1 shall direct the user directly to a unique, vehicle-specific webpage or to a generic landing page allowing for interoperability with other digital product passports. When the QR code directs the user to a generic landing page, onward navigation may require users to enter the vehicle identification number (VIN) to gain access to the vehicle-specific EVP data.

• 4.2.3.Access to EVP data shall not require additional software, user registration or the provision of any other data besides the vehicle’s VIN.

• 4.2.4.EVP data shall be available in the official languages of the Union institutions.

• 4.2.5.EVP data may be available in other languages.

Appendix 1

Environmental vehicle passport parameters

Table 1

General vehicle information

Parameter	CoC field identifier
Approval Certificate number	0.11 (b).
Date approval granted	0.11 (b).
Make (Trade name of manufacturer)	0.1.
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)	0.10.
Date of manufacture of the vehicle	0.11.
Commercial name	0.2.1.

Table 2

Vehicle family identifiers

Parameter	CoC field identifier
PEMS family identifier	0.2.3.3.
OBM family identifier	Reserved
Battery durability family identifier	Reserved

Table 3

Powertrain data

Parameter	CoC field identifier
Maximum net power (internal combustion engine)	27.1.
Maximum net power (electric motor)	27.3.

Table 4

Pollutant emissions data

Parameter	CoC field identifier
(WLTP highest values) CO, NOx, NMHC, THC, THC+NOx, Particles (mass), Particles (number)	48.

Table 5

CO2 emissions /fuel consumption /electrical energy data

Description	CoC field identifier
CO2 emissions/fuel consumption/electric energy consumption, WLTP values (Low, Medium, High, Extra high, and Combined)	49.1.
Electric range of pure electric vehicles Electric range	49.2.
Charge sustaining CO2 emissions/fuel consumption of OVC-HEV: WLTP values (Low, Medium, High, Extra high, City, Combined)	49.4.
Charge depleting CO2 emissions/fuel consumption of OVC-HEV: WLTP values (Combined)	49.4.
Electric consumption of OVC-HEV: WLTP values (Low, Medium, High, Extra high, City, Combined)	49.4.
CO2 emissions/fuel consumption/electric consumption of OVC-HEV: WLTP values (Weighted, combined)	49.4.
Equivalent range of OVC-HEV: Equivalent All electric Range	49.5

ANNEX VI

IN-VEHICLE DISPLAY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

1. Methods for in-vehicle display of environmental data

• 1.1.Environmental data shall be accessible by the user through no more than five selectable screens or submenu selections from the home or default display screen. Screens used to separate EVP data as pages or tabs shall not be counted for the five selectable screens or submenu.

• 1.2.Environmental data shall be displayed with appropriate resolution and in the applicable units in accordance with Appendix 1.

• 1.3.Where the specification of the vehicle does not include a display suitable for displaying the environmental data, manufacturers shall make environmental data available via a suitable alternative method, including an off-board application to be installed in hand-held communication devices linked to the vehicle systems via appropriate methods. Data available through the alternative method shall be the same data that would be displayed through an in-vehicle display and follow the same display methods.

• 1.4.When using the alternative method, the manufacturer shall maintain the alternative method for 20 years after the date of manufacture of the vehicle.

• 1.5.In addition to the parameter names listed in Appendix 1, manufacturers may support the presentation of data parameters to the user in addition to numeric values, using suitable info graphics or pictograms. Manufacturers may use modified names for the parameters listed in Appendix 1 to facilitate their display.

• 1.6.Environmental data shall be available in the same languages that are used for the vehicle interface.

2. Parameters to be displayed inside the vehicle

• 2.1.The parameters listed in Appendix 1 to this Annex shall be made available to the vehicle user using an appropriate in-vehicle display.

• 2.2.Where a direct correspondence between a parameter from Appendix 1 and a parameter that is calculated by the OBM system or the OBFCM device, the appropriate reference is indicated in the tables of Appendix 1.

• 2.3.Where special rules apply to the calculation or display of certain parameters, these are specified in paragraphs 2.5 to 2.10.

• 2.4.Parameters not applicable to the powertrain type installed in the vehicle may be omitted from in-vehicle display. Vehicles not equipped with an OBM system or OBFCM device may omit the display of the relevant parameters.

• 2.5. Lifetime NOx exhaust emissions

• 2.5.1.The lifetime NOx value displayed to the user shall be calculated by dividing the parameter ‘NOx mass (lifetime)’ (Annex I, parameter 3.1) by the parameter ‘Total distance travelled – OBM (lifetime)’ (Annex I, parameter 3.4). The units shall be converted to mg/km:

Image omitted; see official source

• 2.6. Lifetime fuel consumption values

• 2.6.1.The lifetime fuel consumption value displayed to the user shall be calculated based the ‘Total fuel consumed – (lifetime)’ parameter ((Annex I, parameter 3.2) and the Total distance travelled – OBFCM (lifetime) (Annex I, parameter 3.3).

Image omitted; see official source

• 2.7. Lifetime electrical energy consumption values

• 2.7.1.The lifetime electrical energy consumption value displayed to the user shall reflect the energy consumed by the vehicle, including that used for non-propulsion purposes in units of kWh/100 km.

• 2.7.2.Example: the lifetime electrical energy consumption displayed to the user may be calculated based on ‘Energy storage total accumulated energy throughput (lifetime)’, (Annex I, parameter 5.11), the ‘Total discharge energy in V2X [kWh] (lifetime)’ (Annex I, parameter 5.9) and ‘Current battery lifetime distance’ (Annex I, parameter 5.3) values.

Image omitted; see official source

• 2.7.3.When the vehicle employs technologies such as battery swapping capabilities that may affect the calculation of the lifetime electrical energy consumption values, manufacturers shall make appropriate calculations to ensure lifetime electrical energy consumption values shown to the user reflect the energy consumption consumed by the vehicle.

• 2.8. Last trip NOx exhaust emissions

• 2.8.1.The last trip NOx exhaust emissions displayed to the user shall be derived from the ‘Distance specific NOx’, parameter (Annex I, parameter 2.5). The data displayed shall represent the value as defined in Annex I paragraph 2.7.

• 2.8.2.When the applicable ‘OBM trip distance’ is less than 10 km, the values used may be displayed in mg.

• 2.9. Last trip fuel consumption

• 2.9.1.The last trip fuel consumption displayed to the user shall be derived from the ‘Fuel consumed volume – OBM trip’, parameter (Annex I, parameter 2.6) and the ‘OBM trip distance’ parameter (Annex I, parameter 2.2).

Image omitted; see official source

• 2.9.2.When the applicable ‘OBM trip distance’ is less than 10 km, the values used may be displayed at the manufacturer’s discretion in non-distance specific units (l).

• 2.10. Last trip electrical energy consumption

• 2.10.1.The last trip electrical energy consumption displayed to the user shall be derived from the ‘Net electrical energy consumed – OBM trip’, parameter (Annex I, parameter 2.7) and the ‘OBM trip distance’. parameter (Annex I, parameter 2.2).

Image omitted; see official source

• 2.10.2.When the applicable ‘OBM trip distance’ is less than 5 km, the values used may be displayed at the manufacturer’s discretion in non-distance specific units (kWh).

Appendix 1

Parameters to be displayed inside the vehicle

Table 1

Lifetime data

Parameter	Reference	Unit	Resolution
Lifetime NOx exhaust emissions	Annex VI, paragraph 2.5	mg/km	1
Lifetime fuel consumption (1)	Annex VI, paragraph 2.6	l/100 km(1)	0,1
Lifetime electrical energy consumption (1)	Annex VI, paragraph 2.7	kWh/100 km(1)	0,1
Virtual distance V2X	Annex I, parameter 5.4	km	1
Traction battery state of health (SOCE)	Annex I, parameter 5.1	%	1

Table 2

Recent trip data

Parameter	Reference	Unit	Resolution
Last trip NOx exhaust emissions	Annex VI, paragraph 2.8	mg/km	1
Last trip fuel consumption (1)	Annex VI, paragraph 2.9	l/100 km(1)	0,1
Last trip electrical energy consumption(1)	Annex VI, paragraph 2.10	kWh/100 km(1)	0,1

Table 3

Euro 7 NOx exhaust emission limit

Parameter	Reference	Unit
NOx emission limit	Table 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2024/1257	mg/km

Notes

• (1)Under ‘Lifetime fuel consumption’, ‘Last trip fuel consumption’, ‘Lifetime electrical energy consumption’ and ‘Last trip electrical energy consumption’, manufacturers may provide users with the option to display these parameters in appropriate alternative units including mpg, km/l, km/kWh.

ANNEX VII

MANIPULATION DEVICES AND MANIPULATION STRATEGIES

1. INTRODUCTION

• 1.1.This Annex specifies the documentation that ensures the proper monitoring and enforcement of rules related to manipulation devices and manipulation strategies. It aims to strengthen emissions control mechanisms, enhance transparency, and ensure that vehicles comply with regulatory requirements. It provides specifications for methodologies, tests and procedures that relate to data integrity, such as manipulation of data related to sensors, fuel or electric energy consumption, electric range or battery durability. In particular, this Annex covers manipulation devices and manipulation strategies related to OBM, OBFCM, OBD, EVP and any other data integrity related aspects under this Regulation.

• 1.2.Specifications for tests, methods and procedures that relate to exhaust and evaporative emissions are provided for in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706.

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• 2.1.Referring to the provisions of Articles 3(41) and 3(42) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257, (i) manipulation devices and manipulation strategies related to emissions (exhaust, evaporative or other); and (ii) manipulation devices and manipulation strategies related to data integrity should be distinguished.

• 2.2.Manufacturers shall not introduce software or calibration updates that manipulate data related to sensors, fuel or electric energy consumption, electric range or battery durability. The handling of such data in the manner required by Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 and its implementing acts shall not constitute manipulation.

• 2.3.Manufacturers shall disclose any software and calibration updates affecting the integrity of data related to sensors, fuel or electric energy consumption, electric range or battery durability to the granting type-approval authority.

• 2.4.Manufacturers shall ensure that all data reported to regulators and consumers accurately reflects in-use performance.

• 2.5.Manufacturers shall not manipulate data from the OBM systems or OBFCM devices before submission to authorities or dissemination to other parties. The handling of such data in the manner required by Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 and its implementing acts shall not constitute manipulation.

• 2.6.Manufacturers shall ensure transparent communication and technical cooperation with type-approval authorities and provide any necessary clarification regarding OBM and OBFCM data. Manufacturers shall address any questions or concerns raised by the type-approval authorities in a timely and transparent manner.

3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS – DOCUMENTATION

• 3.1.Manufacturers shall provide all relevant information and documentation that relate to data integrity, including as regards manipulation of data related to sensors, fuel or electric energy consumption, electric range or battery durability as part of the Documentation Package (Formal Documentation Package and Extended Documentation Package) that is described in Appendix 2 of Annex IV to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706.

4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

• 4.1.Roles and responsibilities of manufacturers

• 4.1.1.Manufacturers shall comply with general and technical requirements as well as with documentation requirements of this Annex to ensure the absence of manipulation devices and manipulation strategies related to emissions under the scope of this Regulation at the stage of the type-approval and market surveillance during the lifetime of the vehicle. They shall cooperate with type-approval authorities and market surveillance authorities.

• 4.2.Roles and responsibilities of type-approval authorities

• 4.2.1.Type-approval authorities shall cooperate with market surveillance authorities and facilitate type-approval documentation and support market surveillance authorities in the performance of their duties, as appropriate.

• 4.2.2.Type-approval authorities shall monitor data collected from On-Board Monitoring (OBM) systems and On-Board Fuel Consumption Monitoring (OBFCM) devices to identify any potential errors, inconsistencies, or indications of data integrity issues. Where concerns arise, type-approval authorities shall engage with manufacturers, request clarifications or corrective actions as necessary, and ensure that any identified discrepancies are addressed.

• 4.3.Roles and responsibilities of market surveillance authorities

• 4.3.1.Market surveillance authorities may conduct periodic screening tests to detect manipulation devices and manipulation strategies related to data integrity.

• 4.3.2.If a manipulation device or strategy related to data integrity is identified, market surveillance authorities shall proceed in accordance with Chapter XI of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

[^E0001]: UN Regulation No 154 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of light duty passenger and commercial vehicles with regards to criteria emissions, emissions of carbon dioxide and fuel consumption and/or the measurement of electric energy consumption and electric range (WLTP), 02 series of amendments (OJ L, 2022/2124, 10.11.2022, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2124/oj). In the case of a UN Regulation the series of amendments indicated reflects the version that has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Compliance with a series of amendments adopted after the particular series indicated shall be accepted as an alternative.

[^E0002]: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1706 of 25 July 2025 laying down rules, procedures and testing methodologies for the application of Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 as regards exhaust and evaporative emission type-approval of vehicles of categories M1 and N1 and amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/683 (OJ L, 2025/1706, 5.9.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/1706/oj).

[^E0003]: UN Regulation No 168 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of light duty passenger and commercial vehicles with regards to real driving emissions (RDE) (OJ L, 2024/211, 12.1.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/211/oj). In the case of a UN Regulation the series of amendments indicated reflects the version that has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Compliance with a series of amendments adopted after the particular series indicated shall be accepted as an alternative.

[^E0004]: To be completed by manufacturer - Delete what is not applicable. Complete if necessary.

[^E0005]: To be completed by manufacturer - Delete what is not applicable. Complete if necessary.

[^E0006]: To be completed by manufacturer - Delete what is not applicable. Complete if necessary.

[^E0007]: To be completed by granting type-approval authority.

[^E0008]: Emission character(s) to be inserted on this line.

[^E0009]: Emission character(s) to be inserted on this line (should be identical to the information provided as part of the corresponding “first declaration”).

[^E0010]: Established in the Union.

[^E0011]: ‘Manufacturer's representative’ means any natural or legal person established in the Union who is duly appointed by the manufacturer to represent the manufacturer before the type-approval authority or the market surveillance authority and to act on the manufacturer’s behalf in matters covered by the Regulation, as defined in Article 3(41) of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

[^E0012]: If the box below is ticked, points 1 and 2 should not be completed.