Public Assistance Act , 1939

PART I. Preliminary and General.

1 Short title.

1.—This Act may be cited as the Public Assistance Act, 1939.

2 Commencement.

2.—This Act shall come into operation on such day as the Minister shall by order appoint for that purpose.

3 Definitions.

3.—In this Act—

the expression “the Minister” means the Minister for Local Government and Public Health;

the word “prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Minister under this Act;

the expression “county scheme” means a scheme for the relief of the poor confirmed by the Local Government (Temporary Provisions) Act, 1923 (No. 9 of 1923), or prepared and confirmed under that Act;

the expression “county scheme authority” means an authority entrusted by virtue of a county scheme with the administration of the relief of the poor in a particular area;

the expression “joint district” has the same meaning as it has in the Local Government Act, 1927 (No. 3 of 1927);

the expression “medical assistance” means the provision of all or any of the following things, that is to say, medical, surgical, or dental treatment, medicines, and medical, surgical, or dental appliances;

the expression “general assistance” means the provision of the necessaries of life, other than medical assistance;

the expression “public assistance” and also the word “assistance” when used without qualification include both medical assistance and general assistance, and all cognate expressions and words shall be construed accordingly;

the expression “home assistance” means general assistance given otherwise than by admission to a district or other institution;

the word “acquire” when used in relation to land includes purchase in fee simple or for any less estate or interest and taking a lease of such land for any term;

the expression “the Dublin area” means the area consisting of the county of Dublin and the county borough of Dublin.

4 Repeals.

4.—(1) The enactments mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act are hereby repealed, to the extent specified in the third column of the said Schedule.

(2) Without prejudice to the application of section 21 of the Interpretation Act, 1937 (No. 38 of 1937), it is hereby declared that the repeal by virtue of this section of certain sections of the Local Government (Temporary Provisions) Act, 1923 (No. 9 of 1923), shall not operate to cancel or otherwise affect the abolition of any board, committee, or other body which was, before the passing of this Act, abolished by or under any of the said sections.

PART II. Central and Local Administration.

5 Central authority.

5.—(1) The administration of public assistance in pursuance of the law (including this Act) for the time being in force in relation to such administration shall be subject to the general direction and control of the Minister.

(2) Nothing in this Act nor in any order, regulation, or instrument made under or preserved by this Act shall be construed or operate to enable the Minister to direct the giving of public assistance to any individual person.

6 Administration of public assistance.

6.—(1) For the purposes of the administration of public assistance the State shall be divided into public assistance districts.

(2) In every public assistance district, public assistance shall be administered by the public assistance authority specified in that behalf by this Act in respect of such district.

7 Public assistance districts.

7.—(1) In the Dublin area—

(a) the area of the Dublin Union as constituted immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be a public assistance district to be styled and known as the Dublin Public Assistance District,

(b) the area of the Rathdown Union as constituted immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be a public assistance district to be styled and known as the Rathdown Public Assistance District, and

(c) the area of the Balrothery Union as constituted immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be a public assistance district to be styled and known as the Balrothery Public Assistance District.

(2) Outside the Dublin area—

(a) wherever, immediately before the commencement of this Act, a county borough and a joint district in a county adjoining such county borough are, for the purposes of the relief of the poor, administered as one area by one authority, the area consisting of such county borough and such joint district shall be a public assistance district,

(b) every county borough to which paragraph (a) of this sub-section does not apply shall be a public assistance district, and

(c) every joint district to which paragraph (a) of this sub-section does not apply shall be a public assistance district.

(3) The Minister shall, by regulations made under this Act, prescribe the names by which the several public assistance districts under the immediately preceding sub-section of this section shall respectively be known, and every such public assistance district shall be styled and known by the name so prescribed in respect of it.

8 Public assistance authorities.

8.—(1) The public assistance authority for the Dublin Public Assistance District shall be the Dublin Board of Assistance.

(2) The public assistance authority for the Rathdown Public Assistance District shall be the Rathdown Board of Assistance.

(3) The public assistance authority for the Balrothery Public Assistance District shall be the Balrothery Board of Assistance.

(4) The public assistance authority for a public assistance district consisting of a county borough shall be the corporation of such county borough.

(5) The public assistance authority for a public assistance district consisting only of the whole of a joint district shall be the council of the county with which such joint district is coterminous or in which such joint district is situate.

(6) The public assistance authority for a public assistance district which consists of a county borough and the whole of a joint district in a county adjoining such county borough shall be the board of public assistance established for such public assistance district in pursuance of the next following section of this Act.

9 Membership, proceedings, etc., of public assistance authorities, in Dublin area.

9.—(1) The following provisions shall apply and have effect in relation to every public assistance authority whose public assistance district is in the Dublin area, that is to say:—

(a) notwithstanding anything contained in the Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act, 1931 (No. 25 of 1931), such authority shall consist of such number of persons as the Minister shall from time to time appoint and, in the case of the Dublin Board of Assistance, such persons shall be elected by the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of Dublin and the council of the county of Dublin in such proportions as the Minister shall similarly appoint and, in every other case, such persons shall be elected by the council of the said county;

(b) those members (if any) of such authority who are elected by the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of Dublin shall be members of the City Council for Dublin;

(c) those members of such authority who are elected by the council of the county of Dublin shall be members of such council;

(d) the Rules set forth in the Second Schedule to this Act shall apply and have effect in relation to such authority but with the modification that, for the purposes of Rule 2 of the said Rules, those members of such authority who are to be elected by the council of the county of Dublin shall be elected in the same manner as if they were all additional members within the meaning of that Rule, and that the references in Rules 11 and 12 to the first meeting shall be construed as referring to the first meeting of such authority after the commencement of this Act;

(e) subject and without prejudice to the Rules set forth in the Second Schedule to this Act as applied by the next preceding paragraph of this sub-section, the Minister may by order make regulations in relation to the conduct of the business and the order of proceedings at meetings of such authority, and every such regulation shall have effect according to the tenor thereof;

(f) whenever any difficulty arises in regard to an election of members of such authority or the first meeting of such authority after an election (other than an election to fill a casual vacancy) of all or any of the members of such authority, or by reason of a defect in the constitution of such authority arising in consequence of an election of all or some of the members of such authority not being held or being defective or in consequence of any other matter or thing, the Minister may by order do any thing which appears to him to be necessary or proper to meet or remove such difficulty and in particular, may by such order, if he so thinks proper, provide for the holding of an election of all or some of the members of such authority or for the holding of a meeting of such authority.

(2) So much of the Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act, 1931 (No. 25 of 1931), as is inconsistent with the foregoing sub-section of this section and, in particular, so much of that Act as provides for co-opted members of the Dublin Board of Assistance shall cease to have effect.

10 Boards of public assistance.

10.—(1) In every public assistance district which consists of a county borough and a joint district in a county adjoining such county borough, a board of public assistance shall be established to be the public assistance authority for such public assistance district.

(2) The following provisions shall apply and have effect in relation to every board of public assistance established in pursuance of this section, that is to say:—

(a) the board shall be styled and known as “the Board of Public Assistance for” with the name of the public assistance district for which such board is the public assistance authority;

(b) the board shall be a body corporate with perpetual succession and shall provide itself with and shall have a common seal;

(c) the board shall consist of such number of persons as the Minister shall from time to time appoint and such persons shall be elected in such proportions as the Minister shall similarly appoint by the corporation of the county borough included in such public assistance district and by the council of the county in which the joint district included in such public assistance district is situate;

(d) those members of the board who are elected by the corporation of a county borough shall be members of the city council for such county borough;

(e) those members of the board who are elected by a council of a county shall be members of such council;

(f) the Rules set forth in the Second Schedule to this Act shall apply and have effect in relation to the board;

(g) subject and without prejudice to the Rules set forth in the Second Schedule to this Act, the Minister may by order make regulations in relation to the conduct of the business and the order of the proceedings at meetings of the board, and every such regulation shall have effect according to the tenor thereof;

(h) whenever any difficulty arises in regard to an election of members of the board or the first meeting of the board after an election (other than an election to fill a casual vacancy) of all or any of the members of the board, or by reason of a defect in the constitution of the board arising in consequence of an election of all or some of the members of the board not being held or being defective or in consequence of any other matter or thing, the Minister may by order do any thing which appears to him to be necessary or proper to meet or remove such difficulty and in particular, may by such order, if he so thinks proper, provide for the holding of an election of all or some of the members of the board or for the holding of a meeting of the board.

11 Committees of public assistance authorities.

11.—(1) A public assistance authority may from time to time appoint such and so many committees as they think fit for purposes connected with the exercise or performance of any of their powers, duties, and functions under this Act which in the opinion of such authority would be better or more conveniently regulated or managed by or through a committee.

(2) A committee appointed under this section may be either a general committee empowered to exercise or perform powers, duties, and functions in relation to the whole of the public assistance district of the public assistance authority by which it is appointed or a local committee empowered to exercise or perform powers, duties, and functions in relation to a limited portion only of such public assistance district.

(3) Every committee appointed under this section shall consist of not less than three members and may be composed either wholly of members of the public assistance authority by which it is appointed or partly of such members and partly of other persons.

(4) The acts of every committee appointed under this section shall be subject to confirmation by the public assistance authority by which it is appointed, save that such authority may with the sanction of the Minister empower any particular committee to do any act (including the institution of legal proceedings) within the authority conferred on the committee by such public assistance authority which such public assistance authority itself could lawfully do.

(5) The quorum, procedure, and place of meeting of a committee appointed under this section, and the area (if any) within which such committee is to exercise its functions, shall be such as may be appointed by regulations to be made by the public assistance authority by which it is appointed.

12 Joint administration of public assistance districts.

12.—(1) Where it appears to the Minister, after consultation with the public assistance authorities of two or more public assistance districts, that the joint management and administration of such public assistance districts for all or for any particular purposes of or connected with the administration of public assistance would tend to reduce expense or would otherwise be of public or local advantage, the Minister may by order direct that the administration of public assistance in such public assistance districts shall, for the purposes specified in such order, be managed and conducted jointly by the respective public assistance authorities of such public assistance districts through and by a joint committee to be set up under and in accordance with such order.

(2) Every order made by the Minister under the next preceding sub-section of this section shall—

(a) provide for the setting up of a joint committee for the purposes of such order and the constitution, membership, procedure, finance, and officers of such committee, and

(b) define the functions of such joint committee and, where appropriate, delimit the respective functions of such joint committee and of the public assistance authorities of the public assistance districts forming the functional area of such joint committee, and

(c) make such provision as the Minister shall think proper for the allocation to such joint committee of appropriate portions of the assets and property of such public assistance authorities and for the defrayal by such public assistance authorities of the liabilities of such joint committee and generally for the adjustment between such public assistance authorities respectively and such joint committee of present and future property and liabilities, and

(d) provide for the vesting of all property acquired by such joint committee in such public assistance authorities in such proportions and manner as the Minister shall think proper and shall specify in such order, and

(e) generally make such provisions as shall appear to the Minister to be necessary or proper for securing the due execution by such joint committee of the purposes for which it is constituted.

(3) When a joint committee is set up by an order made by the Minister under this section, the respective public assistance authorities of the several public assistance districts forming the functional area of such joint committee shall cease to exercise or perform such of their respective powers and duties as are included by such order in the functions of such joint committee and the said powers and duties shall be exercised and performed by such joint committee.

(4) The Minister may at any time at his discretion revoke or amend any order previously made by him under this section and, in particular, may at any time by order dissolve a joint committee set up under this section and make all such provisions as appear to him to be necessary or proper for the restoration of the functions of such joint committee to the several public assistance authorities to which such functions originally belonged or for any other purpose consequential on the dissolution of such joint committee.

13 Abolition of county scheme authorities.

13.—(1) Every county scheme authority which is in existence immediately before the commencement of this Act and is not the corporation of a county borough shall, on such commencement, be dissolved and cease to exist.

(2) On the dissolution under this section of a county scheme authority, the public assistance authority whose public assistance district is co-terminous with the functional area of such county scheme authority shall become and be the successor of such county scheme authority within the meaning and for the purposes of this Act.

14 Transfer of property, etc., from county scheme authorities to public assistance authorities.

14.—Wherever a county scheme authority is dissolved by this Act, the following provisions shall apply and have effect in relation to such county scheme authority and the public assistance authority which is the successor of such county scheme authority, that is to say:—

(a) all property and assets (including choses-in-action) vested in or belonging to such county scheme authority immediately before the commencement of this Act shall, upon such commencement, become and be the property and assets of such public assistance authority by virtue of this section without any conveyance, assignment, or act other than transfer (where appropriate) in the books of a bank, company, or other body;

(b) all debts and liabilities (present or future) incurred by such county scheme authority and owing immediately before the commencement of this Act (whether then presently due or to become due certainly or contingently in the future) shall upon such commencement become and be the debts and liabilities of such public assistance authority and shall be discharged in due course by such authority;

(c) every bond, guarantee, or other security of a continuing character made or given by such county scheme authority to another person or by any person to such county scheme authority and in force immediately before the commencement of this Act, and every contract or agreement in writing made between such county scheme authority and another person not fully executed and completed before the commencement of this Act, shall continue in force after such commencement but shall be construed and have effect as if such public assistance authority were substituted therein for such county scheme authority, and such security, contract, or agreement shall be enforceable by or against such public assistance authority accordingly;

(d) in every action, suit, prosecution, or other proceeding which is pending at the commencement of this Act and to which such county scheme authority is a party, such public assistance authority shall, on the commencement of this Act, become and be a party in the place of such county scheme authority and such proceeding shall be continued between such public assistance authority and the other parties thereto accordingly;

(e) every person who immediately before the commencement of this Act is an officer or a servant of such county scheme authority shall upon such commencement become and be an officer or a servant (as the case may require) of such public assistance authority upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which he held office under or employment by such county scheme authority immediately before such commencement, and every such person shall, for the purposes of any enactment relating to superannuation or compensation for loss of office or employment which may be applicable to him in respect of his service under such public assistance authority, be entitled to reckon his period of service under such county scheme authority as service under such public assistance authority and to reckon his period of service under such county scheme authority and his period of service under such public assistance authority as one continuous period of service under such public assistance authority;

(f) any moneys raised for the purposes of such county scheme authority before the commencement of this Act may be levied after such commencement as if this Act had not been passed and shall be paid to such public assistance authority for the purposes of their functions under this Act.

15 Secretary and treasurer of board of public assistance.

15.— (1) Every board of public assistance shall appoint an officer to be the secretary of such board.

(2) Every board of public assistance shall appoint a bank or a banking company to be the treasurer of such board.

16 Secretary to public assistance authority in Dublin area.

16.—(1) Every public assistance authority whose public assistance district is in the Dublin area shall appoint an officer to be the secretary of such authority and a bank or banking company to be the treasurer of such authority.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in the immediately preceding sub-section of this section, where, immediately before the commencement of this Act, a person is the clerk, either permanent or temporary, of a poor law union in the Dublin area, such person shall upon such commencement become and be the secretary, either permanent or temporary (as the case may be), of the public assistance authority for the public assistance district consisting of such poor law union.

17 Contracts of public assistance authorities.

17.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations in relation to the entering into and making of contracts by public assistance authorities.

(2) All contracts made by a public assistance authority shall be entered into and made in accordance with regulations made under this section and for the time being in force, and every contract entered into or made by a public assistance authority otherwise than in accordance with such regulations shall, if the Minister so directs, be wholly void, and, unless or until the Minister gives such direction, shall be voidable at the option of any party thereto.

(3) Where a contract made or entered into by a public assistance authority is avoided under this section, whether by the Minister or a party thereto, all payments made by such authority or any officer thereof in purported pursuance of such contract after such contract has been so avoided shall, in the accounts of such authority or officer (as the case may be), be disallowed as being contrary to law.

(4) Nothing in this section or any regulation made thereunder shall prejudice or affect the application of the Local Authorities (Combined Purchasing) Act, 1939 (No. 14 of 1939), to public assistance authorities or the operation of that Act in relation to such authorities.

PART III. Public Assistance.

18 Persons eligible for public assistance.

18.—(1) A poor person who is unable to provide by his own industry or other lawful means the necessaries of life (other than medical, surgical or dental treatment, medicines, and medical, surgical or dental appliances) for himself or any persons whom he is liable under this Act to maintain shall be eligible for general assistance.

(2) A poor person who is unable to provide by his own industry or other lawful means the medical, surgical or dental treatment, or medicines, or medical, surgical or dental appliances necessary for himself or any persons whom he is liable under this Act to maintain shall be eligible for medical assistance.

(3) References in this Act to persons who are eligible for public assistance shall be construed as including persons who are eligible for general assistance, persons who are eligible for medical assistance, and persons who are eligible for both general assistance and medical assistance.

19 Duty of public assistance authority to provide public assistance.

19.—Subject to the provisions of this Act, it shall be the duty of every public assistance authority to give, in accordance with this Act, to every person in their public assistance district who is eligible for public assistance such public assistance as shall appear to them to be necessary or proper in each particular case and to make, in accordance with this Act, due provision for that purpose.

20 Giving of public assistance.

20.—(1) The Minister may by order from time to time determine the persons who shall be authorised persons for the purposes of this section, and accordingly in this section the expression “authorised person” means a person who is, by virtue of an order made by the Minister under this sub-section, for the time being an authorised person for the purposes of this section.

(2) It shall be lawful for an authorised person in any case in which it appears to him that the immediate giving of medical assistance or of general assistance to a person who is eligible for medical assistance or general assistance (as the case may be) is a matter of urgent necessity, to give such assistance to such person by an order of admission to a district institution and conveyance to such institution or by affording to such person immediate and temporary assistance in any other manner which may be appropriate to the circumstances of the case.

(3) The Minister may by order make regulations governing the giving of assistance under this section and, in particular, regulating either generally or in respect of any particular class of person the nature of the assistance to be so given and prescribing the times and places at which and the conditions subject to which such assistance may be granted, and where any such regulations are for the time being in force, assistance given under this section shall be given in accordance with such regulations.

(4) Save as is authorised by this section, it shall not be lawful for public assistance to be given to any person save on and in accordance with an order of the appropriate public assistance authority.

21 Contributions to certain societies.

21.—(1) A public assistance authority may, with the consent of the Minister, pay such annual contribution as they shall, with the said consent, think proper to the funds of any society for the prevention of cruelty to children.

(2) Whenever a public assistance authority is satisfied that a society for relieving poor persons affords or proposes to afford relief to poor persons by providing food and lodging for such persons in premises under the control of such society in the functional area of such public assistance authority and that such society by so doing renders or will render useful aid in the administration of public assistance in such functional area, such public assistance authority may, with the consent of the Minister and subject to such limitations and conditions as he shall impose, give assistance to such society in any one or more of the following ways, that is to say:—

(a) by contributing to the expenses incurred by such society in affording relief to poor persons in the manner aforesaid, or

(b) by supplying to such society fuel, light, food, water, or other commodity for use by such society in so affording relief to poor persons, or

(c) by permitting the use by such society, for the purpose of so affording relief to poor persons, of premises in the occupation of such public assistance authority and, where requisite, executing alterations and repairs to and supplying furniture and fittings for such premises in order to make them suitable for use for such purpose, or

(d) by providing premises (with all requisite furniture and fittings) for use by such society for the purpose of so affording relief to poor persons.

22 Power to provide land for a public hospital.

22.—(1) Whenever a public assistance authority is satisfied that useful aid is being or will be rendered to the administration of public assistance in their public assistance district by the treatment given in a public hospital or infirmary in such district to persons eligible for medical assistance, such public assistance authority may, on the request of the governing body of such hospital or infirmary and with the consent of the Minister, provide for such hospital or infirmary any land which is shown by such governing body, to the satisfaction of the said public assistance authority, to be required for the efficient performance of the functions of such hospital or infirmary.

(2) Where a public assistance authority determines to provide under this section any land for a public hospital or infirmary, such public assistance authority may acquire such land either by agreement with the consent of the Minister or compulsorily under this Act and (in either case) may convey such land to or for the benefit of such public hospital or infirmary.

(3) Where a public assistance authority is requested by the governing body of a public hospital or infirmary to provide under this section any land for such hospital or infirmary, such public assistance authority shall, as a condition precedent to their so providing such land, require such governing body to undertake to defray the whole of the cost of so providing such land.

23 Payment of expenses of removal of persons eligible for general assistance.

23.—A public assistance authority may, on the application of a person eligible for general assistance, pay the reasonable expenses of the removal of such person (with or without his dependants) from the public assistance district of such authority to some other place if such authority is satisfied that the removal of such person from such district to the said other place is likely to enable such person to support himself and his dependants by his own industry or other lawful means and is generally for the benefit of such person and his dependants.

24 Burial of deceased persons.

24.—(1) A public assistance authority or, in case of urgency, an officer of a public assistance authority administering home assistance may provide for the burial of any of the following persons at any place within the public assistance district of such authority which appears to such authority or officer (as the case may be) to be proper, that is to say:—

(a) a deceased person who died whilst in receipt of general assistance from such public assistance authority;

(b) a deceased person who died within the public assistance district of such public assistance authority and whose relatives either are not known or are, owing to absence or poverty or for some other good and sufficient reason, unable to provide for his burial;

(c) a deceased person who has been drowned and cast ashore within such public assistance district or who has otherwise perished and been found dead within the said district and (in either case) whose body has not been claimed for burial.

(2) The public assistance authority of a public assistance district may, in any case in which they think proper, bring into and bury in such district the body of a person eligible for general assistance who has died outside such district.

(3) Where a person eligible for general assistance dies while in receipt of public assistance from a public assistance authority in an institution outside the public assistance district of such public assistance authority, such authority may bury the body of such person in any burial ground at a convenient distance from such institution.

(4) A public assistance authority may defray all expenses necessarily incurred in the burial under this section of a deceased person or in the bringing of the body of a deceased person into their public assistance district for burial.

(5) Where a public assistance authority incurs under this section expenses in relation to the body of a deceased person, such public assistance authority may obtain repayment of such expenses from the property of such deceased person or from any person who was liable to maintain such person immediately before his death as if such expenses were the cost of public assistance given to such person before his death.

25 Work as a condition for receiving general assistance.

25.—(1) A public assistance authority may, as a condition of the granting of general assistance to a person, require such person, either before or after or during receipt of such general assistance, to perform such work as such authority shall consider suitable to the sex, age, strength, and capacity of such person and shall direct such person so to perform.

(2) For the purpose of the provision of work under this section, a public assistance authority may do all or any of the following things, that is to say:—

(a) subject to the consent of the Minister, acquire, and dispose of, any land;

(b) subject to any regulations made by the Minister under this Act, purchase or hire, and dispose of, any plant, tools, equipment, or materials.

26 Determination of the cost of public assistance.

26.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations prescribing the method of determining for the purpose of this Act the cost of public assistance and may by such regulations prescribe different such methods in respect of different kinds of public assistance.

(2) References in this Act to the cost of public assistance or to the cost of any particular kind of public assistance shall be construed and have effect as references to the cost of such public assistance as determined in accordance with regulations made under this section.

27 Liability to maintain relations.

27.—(1) For the purposes of this Act and without prejudice to any obligations for the time being imposed by law otherwise than by or for the purposes of this Act the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—

(a) every legitimate person shall be liable to maintain his or her father and mother;

(b) every illegitimate person shall be liable to maintain his or her mother;

(c) every man shall be liable to maintain such of his legitimate children as are for the time being under the age of sixteen years;

(d) every woman shall be liable to maintain such of her children, whether legitimate or illegitimate as are for the time being under the age of sixteen years;

(e) every married man shall be liable to maintain his wife and shall also be liable to maintain every child, whether legitimate or illegitimate, of his wife who was born before her marriage to him and is for the time being under the age of sixteen years;

(f) every married woman shall be liable to maintain her husband.

(2) Every reference in this Act to a person who is liable to maintain another person shall be construed as meaning a person who is by virtue of this section liable for the purposes of this Act to maintain such other person.

28 Liability to repay cost of public assistance.

28.—Where public assistance has been given by a public assistance authority (in this section referred to as the said authority) to any person (in this section referred to as the assisted person) the following provisions shall apply and have effect, that is to say:—

(a) it shall be the duty of the assisted person or, on his default, whether complete or partial, of every person liable to maintain him, to repay to the said authority according to their respective abilities the cost of the public assistance so given to the assisted person;

(b) where the whole or any portion of the public assistance so given has not been repaid to the said authority in pursuance of this section and the said authority is at any time of opinion that the assisted person is able to repay to the said authority the whole or portion of such public assistance so unrepaid, the said authority may apply to the District Court on notice to the assisted person for an order for such repayment as aforesaid by the assisted person;

(c) where the whole or any portion of the public assistance so given has not been repaid to the said authority in pursuance of this section and the said authority is at any time of opinion that the assisted person is unable to repay to the said authority the public assistance so unrepaid and that some person who was, at the time when such public assistance was so given, liable to maintain the assisted person is able to repay to the said authority the whole or a portion of the public assistance so unrepaid, the said authority may apply to the District Court on notice to the said other person for an order for such repayment as aforesaid by the said other person;

(d) where, on an application under this section to the District Court for the repayment of public assistance, the Court is satisfied that the person from whom repayment is sought is, at the time of the hearing of such application, able to repay the sum or a portion of the sum repayment of which is sought, the Court shall fix the sum to be repaid by such person and shall order the repayment thereof by such person to the said authority either in one sum or by such weekly or monthly instalments as the Court shall think proper;

(e) an order by the District Court under this section for the repayment of a sum to the said authority shall be enforceable in the like manner and by the like means as an order by the District Court for the payment of a sum of money in a civil case is enforceable;

(f) the said authority shall not recover by means of applications under this section to the District Court a greater amount than the cost of the public assistance so given or, where portion of such public assistance has been repaid in pursuance of this section without any such application, a greater amount than the difference between the amount so repaid and the said cost.

29 Liability to contribute to cost of general assistance.

29.—Where a public assistance authority (in this section referred to as the said authority) grants general assistance to any person (in this section referred to as the assisted person) the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—

(a) every person (in this section referred to as the person liable) who is liable to maintain the assisted person shall be liable to contribute according to his ability to the general assistance so granted;

(b) the said authority may apply to the District Court, on notice to the person liable, for an order for the contribution by that person to the general assistance so granted;

(c) where, on an application to the District Court under this section, the Court is satisfied that the person liable is, at the time of the hearing of such application, able to contribute to the general assistance so given, the Court shall fix the amount of the contribution to be made by the person liable and shall order the payment of the amount so fixed to the said authority by the person liable either in one sum or by such weekly or monthly instalments as the Court shall think proper;

(d) an order by the District Court under this section for the payment of a sum to the said authority shall be enforceable in the like manner and by the like means as an order by the District Court for the payment of a sum of money in a civil case is enforceable;

(e) the said authority shall not recover by means of applications under this section to the District Court a greater amount than the cost of the general assistance so granted or, where a contribution has been made in pursuance of this section without any such application, a greater amount than the difference between such contribution and such cost.

30 Appropriation of property.

30.—(1) Where a person in receipt of public assistance in a district institution owns any money or security for money, the public assistance authority from whom such person receives such public assistance may—

(a) if such person has such money in his physical possession, take and appropriate such money and thereout reimburse themselves the cost of the public assistance given by such authority to such person at any time before such taking, and return to such person the balance (if any) of such money, or

(b) if such person has such security in his physical possession, take and realise such security or a sufficient portion thereof and out of the proceeds of such realisation reimburse themselves the cost of the public assistance given by such authority to such person at any time before such taking, and pay to such person the balance (if any) of such proceeds, or

(c) in any case, by appropriate legal proceedings make such money or security available for the reimbursement of such authority in respect of the cost of the public assistance given by such authority to such person at any time before the institution of such proceedings and reimburse themselves in respect of such cost accordingly.

(2) Where a person in receipt of public assistance dies and at his death owns any money or other property, the public assistance authority from whom such person received such public assistance may—

(a) where the circumstances so permit, take and appropriate out of such money a sum sufficient to reimburse themselves in respect of the expenses (if any) incurred by such authority in or about the burial of such person and the cost of the public assistance given by such authority to such person at any time before his death, or.

(b) where the circumstances so permit, take and realise such property or a sufficient portion thereof and out of the proceeds of such realisation reimburse themselves in respect of the said expenses (if any) of burial and the said cost of public assistance, or

(c) in any case, by appropriate legal proceedings make such money and property available for the reimbursement of such authority in respect of the said expenses (if any) of burial and the said cost of public assistance and reimburse themselves in respect thereof accordingly.

(3) In the foregoing sub-sections of this section, the word “money” includes money deposited in the Post Office Savings Bank or any other bank and the expression “security for money” includes a deposit book issued by the Post Office Savings Bank to a depositor and also includes a Savings Certificate, and the powers conferred by those sub-sections respectively on a public assistance authority shall include:—

(a) in the case of money in the Post Office Savings Bank, power, on obtaining possession of the deposit book issued in respect thereof by that Bank, to withdraw such money or a sufficient portion thereof in accordance with regulations in that behalf made by the Minister for Finance, and

(b) in the case of money in any other bank, power to apply to the District Court for and, if that Court so thinks proper, to obtain an order directing such bank to pay such money or a sufficient portion thereof to such public assistance authority, and

(c) in the case of a Savings Certificate, power, on obtaining possession of such Certificate, to realise such Certificate in accordance with rules in that behalf made by the Minister for Finance.

31 Provision of district institutions.

31.—(1) Every public assistance authority shall provide and maintain within their district such and so many (if any) homes, hospitals, and other institutions (in this Act referred to as district institutions) and at such places as the Minister shall from time to time by order direct and shall not provide nor (save as is otherwise provided by this section) maintain any other home, hospital, or other institution.

(2) Every public assistance authority shall, as and when the Minister by order so directs—

(a) restore, alter, or enlarge in accordance with such order any district institution maintained by such authority,

(b) provide in accordance with such order new, improved, or additional drainage, ventilation, water supply, lighting, heating, or any other service for any district institution so maintained,

(c) provide and maintain in any district institution so maintained all such fixtures, fittings, furniture, surgical and medical appliances, and other conveniences as shall be directed by such order.

(3) Unless and until the Minister otherwise orders, every home, hospital, or other institution which is, at the commencement of this Act, maintained by the authority charged with the administration of the relief of the poor in any area which is by virtue of this Act a public assistance district shall be deemed to have been provided under this section by the public assistance authority for such public assistance district and shall be a district institution within the meaning of this Act and shall be maintained by such public assistance authority accordingly.

(4) A public assistance authority shall not erect or restore, enlarge, or otherwise alter any district institution except with the prior consent of the Minister and in accordance with the directions (if any) given by the Minister with his said consent.

(5) Save as is required or authorised by this section, no public assistance authority shall provide or maintain any home, hospital, or other institution.

32 Discontinuance of a district institution.

32.—(1) The Minister, whenever he so thinks proper, after the holding of a public enquiry may by order direct any particular public assistance authority to discontinue, as from such date as is specified in that behalf in such order, a specified district institution for the time being maintained by that authority under this Act.

(2) Whenever the Minister makes an order under the foregoing sub-section of this section, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—

(a) the Minister shall by such order make such (if any) provisions as appear to him to be necessary and proper in relation to matters incidental to or consequential on the discontinuance in pursuance of such order of the district institution to which such order relates;

(b) the Minister, if he so thinks proper, may by such order or a subsequent order direct the public assistance authority to which such order under the said foregoing sub-section applies to provide and maintain a district institution in substitution for the district institution discontinued in pursuance of such order;

(c) a direction given under the next preceding paragraph of this sub-section shall be deemed to be given under the next preceding section of this Act and that section shall apply accordingly;

(d) the public assistance authority to which such order under the said foregoing sub-section relates shall comply in all respects with such order.

33 Persons admissible to district institutions.

33.—(1) Every district institution shall be available for the assistance of such class or classes of persons eligible for public assistance as the Minister shall from time to time by order direct and (except in cases of urgent necessity) for the assistance of no other persons.

(2) Unless and until the Minister otherwise orders, the several classes of persons who are, immediately before the commencement of this Act, authorised by a county scheme to be assisted in a home, hospital, or other institution maintained under such county scheme shall be deemed to be classes of persons for whose assistance such institution is available by virtue of an order made by the Minister under this section.

34 Regulations in respect of district institutions.

34.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations in respect of district institutions, either generally or in respect of one or more classes of district institutions or in respect of one or more particular district institutions, for the government, management, and administration of the district institutions to which the regulations relate and for the preservation of order in such district institutions and for the classification of the inmates thereof.

(2) The Minister may by regulations made under this section provide for the keeping of the inmates of a district institution employed according to their capacity and ability.

(3) Where an inmate of a district institution is required in pursuance of regulations made under this section to perform work, such inmate shall, if he does such work, be deemed, in relation to the doing thereof, to be for the purposes of the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1934 (No. 9 of 1934), a workman in the employment of the public assistance authority maintaining such district institution, but, save as aforesaid, neither such requisition nor the performance of such work by such inmate shall operate to create or imply the relation of master and servant or a contract of service between such authority and such inmate.

35 Assistance in institutions not maintained by a public assistance authority.

35.—Subject to the consent of the Minister, a public assistance authority may, if they so think proper, make provision for the assistance in a home, hospital, or other institution not provided or maintained by such authority of persons, or particular classes of persons, eligible for public assistance, and where a public assistance authority makes such provision, such authority may defray the expenses of the conveyance of the persons for whose assistance such provision is made to and from such institution and the expenses of their maintenance, treatment, instruction, or training therein.

36 Restriction on assistance of particular classes in institutions.

36.—Where a district institution provided by a public assistance authority is available for the assistance of a particular class of persons or provision has been made by a public assistance authority with the consent of the Minister for the assistance of a particular class of persons in a home, hospital or other institution not provided or maintained by such authority, the Minister may, by order, direct that such particular class of persons shall not be assisted by such public assistance authority in any institution except (as the case may be) such district institution or such home, hospital or other institution, and thereupon it shall not be lawful for such public assistance authority to assist (except in cases of urgent necessity) any person of such particular class in contravention of such order.

37 Admission to district institutions of persons not eligible for public assistance.

37.—(1) A public assistance authority may, if they so think proper, make regulations authorising the admission of persons not eligible for public assistance to any particular district institution maintained by such publie assistance authority and regulating the admission of such persons to such institution and the accommodation and treatment of such persons therein.

(2) Regulations made by a public assistance authority under the foregoing sub-section of this section shall be submitted by such authority to the Minister for his approval and may be approved of by the Minister (if he thinks proper so to do) either with or without modification and shall come into operation if and when and as so approved of.

(3) The Minister may at any time require a public assistance authority to make and submit regulations (including amending regulations) under the foregoing provisions of this section in respect of any particular district institution maintained by such authority, and, if such authority does not so make and submit such regulations within three months after being required by the Minister so to do or if such authority makes and submits in pursuance of such requisition regulations which the Minister refuses to approve of, the Minister, if he so thinks proper, may himself make the regulations mentioned in such requisition and may by such regulations appoint the day on which such regulations shall come into operation.

(4) Regulations made under this section—

(a) shall contain provisions requiring persons admitted under such regulations to the district institution to which such regulations relate to make payments to the public assistance authority maintaining such district institution for the accommodation and treatment received by them in such district institution, and regulating the amount of such payments, and

(b) may contain provisions authorising persons so admitted to make payments to registered medical practitioners in the service of such public assistance authority in respect of treatment afforded to such persons in such district institution by such practitioners and controlling the amount of such payments, and

(c) shall provide that no person shall be admitted to such district institution under such regulations unless there is available for him in such district institution at the time of his admission thereto accommodation not required for persons eligible for public assistance and admissible to such district institution.

(5) No person who is not eligible for public assistance shall be admitted to or accommodated or treated in a district institution unless regulations made under this section are in operation in respect of such district institution, and no such person shall be admitted to or accommodated or treated in such district institution otherwise than in accordance with such regulations.

(6) A registered medical practitioner in the service of a public assistance authority maintaining a district institution shall not demand or take from any person admitted to such district institution under regulations made under this section any payment in respect of treatment afforded by such practitioner to such person in such district institution unless the taking of such payment by such practitioner is expressly authorised by such regulations, and no such registered medical practitioner shall demand or take from any such person any such payment of an amount not so authorised.

(7) All money payable by a person admitted to a district institution under regulations made under this section to the public assistance authority maintaining such district institution in respect of accommodation or treatment in such district institution shall be a simple contract debt due by such person to such public assistance authority and shall be recoverable by such authority accordingly.

38 Religious services and chaplains in district institutions.

38.—(1) The Minister shall by order make provision for the due performance of religious services in every district institution and for that purpose shall appoint in relation to every district institution fit persons to be chaplains to such district institution.

(2) Every person appointed under this section to be a chaplain to a district institution shall hold office at the pleasure of the Minister and shall be paid by the public assistance authority by whom such district institution is maintained such remuneration as the Minister shall from time to time direct.

(3) No inmate of a district institution shall be obliged to attend any religious service contrary to his religious principles.

39 Obligation to grant home assistance.

39.—(1) Every public assistance authority shall grant, in accordance with regulations made by the Minister under this Act, home assistance to every person in the public assistance district of such authority who is eligible for general assistance and is not granted assistance in an institution.

(2) The Minister may by order make regulations governing the granting of home assistance and, in particular, regulating the nature of home assistance either generally or in respect of any particular class of person, and prescribing the times and places at which and the conditions subject to which home assistance may be granted.

40 Dispensary districts.

40.—(1) Every dispensary district existing in any public assistance district immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be a dispensary district for the purposes of medical assistance under this Act.

(2) The Minister may, whenever he so thinks proper, by order vary in such way as he shall think proper the division of any public assistance district into dispensary districts and, in particular, may increase or reduce the number of dispensary districts in a public assistance district.

(3) Whenever the Minister makes under this section an order varying the division of a public assistance district into dispensary districts, he may, by the same order, make provision for such (if any) transfer of officers as is in his opinion rendered necessary or expedient by such variation.

(4) The Minister may by order make regulations for the government of dispensary districts and for the administration of medical assistance in such districts, and it shall be the duty of every public assistance authority to manage every dispensary district in their public assistance district and to administer medical assistance in every such dispensary district in accordance with such regulations.

41 Appointment of medical officers of dispensary districts.

41.—Every public assistance authority shall appoint, for the service of each dispensary district within their public assistance district, such number of medical and other officers as the Minister shall from time to time direct.

42 Provision of dispensaries, medicines, etc.

42.—(1) In this section the expression “separate dispensary” means a dispensary for the exclusive use of the medical officer or officers of one particular dispensary district.

(2) Every public assistance authority shall provide and maintain dispensaries for the use of the medical officers of the several dispensary districts in their public assistance district.

(3) The following provisions shall apply and have effect in relation to the provision and maintenance of dispensaries in pursuance of the next preceding sub-section of this section, that is to say:—

(a) there shall be at least one dispensary in every dispensary district;

(b) in addition to such one dispensary, there shall be in every dispensary district such and so many (if any) other dispensaries as the Minister shall direct;

(c) at least one of the dispensaries in every dispensary district shall, unless the Minister otherwise directs, be a separate dispensary;

(d) a public assistance authority shall not provide or maintain,without the consent of the Minister, any dispensary which is not a separate dispensary.

(4) Every public assistance authority shall keep in proper condition and repair to the satisfaction of the Minister every dispensary maintained by them in pursuance of this section.

(5) Every public assistance authority shall, in accordance with regulations made by the Minister under this section, provide and supply for the use of every dispensary maintained by them under this section all such furniture, fittings, medical and surgical appliances, medicines, and other requisites as shall, in the opinion of the Minister, be necessary or proper for the due working of such dispensary in accordance with this Act.

(6) Where the medical officer of a dispensary district (in this sub-section referred to as the first-mentioned dispensary district) in a public assistance district is also the medical officer of an adjoining dispensary district (in this sub-section referred to as the adjoining dispensary district) which is situate in another public assistance district, the public assistance authority for such first-mentioned public assistance district (in this sub-section referred to as the contributing authority) may, with the consent of the Minister, perform the duties imposed on them by this section in respect of the first-mentioned dispensary district by agreeing with the public assistance authority for such other public assistance district (in this sub-section referred to as the providing authority)—

(a) that one or more dispensaries provided and maintained for the adjoining dispensary district by the providing authority together with the furniture, fittings, medical and surgical appliances, medicines, and other requisites supplied by the providing authority to such dispensary or dispensaries shall be available and used for the first-mentioned dispensary district, and

(b) that, as soon as may be after the end of every local financial year, the contributing authority shall pay to the providing authority such proportion of the expenses incurred in such year by the providing authority in the maintenance of such dispensary or dispensaries and the supply of requisites thereto as shall be agreed upon by the contributing authority and the providing authority or shall, in default of such agreement, be determined by the Minister.

43 Provision of residence for dispensary officer.

43.—(1) A public assistance authority may, with the approval of the Minister, and shall, if the Minister so directs, provide and maintain in any dispensary district in their public assistance district for the use while holding office of any medical officer of such dispensary district a residence which is, in the opinion of the Minister, sufficient.

(2) A public assistance authority may, with the consent of the Minister, and shall, if the Minister so directs, provide and maintain, in connection with or as part of any dispensary maintained by them under this Act, a residence for the use while holding office of any midwife or other officer (not being a medical officer) of the dispensary district in which such dispensary is situate.

44 Vesting of parental authority in public assistance authorities.

44.—(1) This section applies to a legitimate child both of whose parents are dead or who is deserted by both of its parents or (where one of its parents is dead) by its surviving parent, and to an illegitimate child whose mother is dead or who is deserted by its mother.

(2) Every public assistance authority shall have, in relation to every child to whom this section applies who has not attained the age of sixteen years and is maintained by such authority, all the rights and powers of the parents of such child.

(3) In the case of a legitimate child who has been deserted by both its parents or its surviving parent, nothing in this section shall authorise a public assistance authority to detain such child if both or either of its parents claims the child for the purposes of maintaining it.

(4) In the case of an illegitimate child who has been deserted by its mother, nothing in this section shall authorise a public assistance authority to detain such child if its mother claims it for the purpose of maintaining it.

45 Transfer of parental authority to public assistance authority.

45.—(1) Where a child is maintained by a public assistance authority and—

(a) such authority is of opinion that a parent of such child is, by reason of mental deficiency or vicious habits or mode of life, unfit to have the control of such child, or

(b) a parent of such child is, by reason of his serving a sentence of penal servitude or suffering detention under the Inebriates Act, 1898, unable to perform his parental duties, or

(c) a parent of such child has been sentenced to imprisonment for an offence against such child or any other of his children, or

(d) a parent of such child is permanently bedridden and is maintained under this Act by such authority in a district or other institution and consents to the resolution hereinafter mentioned,

such public assistance authority may resolve that all the rights and powers of such parent in respect of such child shall vest in such authority until such child attains the age of sixteen years.

(2) Whenever a public assistance authority passes any such resolution as is mentioned in the next preceding sub-seetion of this section, all the rights and powers of the parent mentioned in such resolution of the child which is the subject of such resolution shall vest in such authority immediately upon the passing of such resolution and shall continue to be so vested until such resolution is rescinded or terminated under this section or such child attains the age of sixteen years, whichever first happens.

(3) Whenever a public assistance authority has passed any such resolution as is mentioned in the first sub-section of this section, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—

(a) if such authority is of opinion that the rescinding of such resolution would be for the benefit of the child which is the subject of such resolution, such authority may rescind such resolution;

(b) such authority may permit such child to be, either permanently or temporarily, under the control of a parent or other relative, a guardian, or a friend of such child or the control of a society or institution for the care of children;

(c) if the District Court is satisfied, on the complaint of a parent or other relative or of a guardian of such child or of any other person who is liable under this Act to maintain such child, that no circumstances authorising the passing of such resolution existed when such resolution was passed or that it would be for the benefit of such child that such resolution should be terminated, the District Court may make an order terminating such resolution, and thereupon such authority shall cease to have under this section any rights or powers in respect of such child;

(d) if the District Court is satisfied, on the complaint of a parent or other relative or a guardian of such child, that it should be under the control either permanently or temporarily, of such parent, relative, or guardian, the District Court may make an order accordingly and thereupon it shall be the duty of such authority to comply with such order.

46 Preservation of liability to contribute to maintenance.

46.—(1) The vesting of the rights and powers of the parents or a parent in respect of a child in a public assistance authority under or by virtue of this Act shall not relieve such parents or parent or any other person from any liability (whether imposed by this Act or otherwise by law) to defray all or any part of the maintenance of such child.

(2) Where the rights and powers of the parents or a parent in respect of a child are vested by or under this Act in a public assistance authority, the making by such parents or parent or any other person of a payment towards the maintenance of such child shall not operate to deprive such authority of any of such rights or powers or prejudice or affect the rights and powers of such authority in respect of such child.

47 Certification of schools.

47.—(1) Upon the application in writing of the managers of any school, other than a national school or a reformatory school, the Minister—

(a) may, if he so thinks fit, appoint a fit person to examine into the condition of such school and report to him thereon, and

(b) may, if on the consideration of such report he so thinks proper, certify in writing that such school is fit for the reception of children sent to a certified school under this Act and also certify the total number of children or the total number of children of each sex for the reception of which such school is so fit.

(2) Where the Minister has given a certificate under the next preceding sub-section of this section in respect of a school, the Minister, if at any time thereafter he is dissatisfied with the condition or management of such school, may by notice in writing given or sent to the managers of such school cancel such certificate as from a day specified in that behalf in such notice and not less than two months after such notice is given or sent to such managers.

(3) The following provisions shall have effect in relation to every school in respect of which a certificate given by the Minister under this section is for the time being in force, that is to say:—

(a) an inspector appointed by the Minister may at any time visit and inspect such, school and make such examination of the condition and management of such school and the state and treatment of the children therein as he shall consider requisite;

(b) whenever an inspector visits and inspects such school under the next preceding paragraph of this sub-section, he shall report to the Minister the result of such visit and inspection and of any examination made by him in the course thereof;

(c) any public assistance authority which has sent a child to such school may, at any time while such child is in such school, appoint a suitable person to visit such school, and such person may visit and inspect such school accordingly;

(d) the managers of such school shall permit and give facilities for every such visitation, inspection, and examination as is authorised by any of the foregoing paragraphs of this sub-section.

(4) A school in respect of which a certificate given by the Minister under this section is for the time being in force is in this Act referred to as a certified school, and the expression “certified school” shall, in this Act, be construed accordingly.

48 Boarding out, etc., of children.

48.—(1) A public assistance authority may provide, in accordance with regulations made by the Minister under this section, for the assistance in any of the following ways (whether in or outside their public assistance district) of a legitimate child who is eligible for general assistance and in respect of which the rights and powers of both of its parents or its sole surviving parent are vested in such authority or of an illegitimate child in respect of which the rights and powers of its mother are vested in such authority, that is to say, by placing such child out at nurse, or by boarding it out, or by sending it to a certified school, or, where such child is not less than fourteen years of age, by placing it out at service, or by placing it in any suitable trade, calling, or business.

(2) A public assistance authority may, with the approval of the Minister, assist any person eligible for general assistance by doing, with the consent of such person and in accordance with regulations made by the Minister under this section, any of the following things in respect of any child which such person is liable under this Act to maintain and in respect of which the rights and powers of, in the case of a legitimate child, both or the survivor of its parents or, in the case of an illegitimate child, of its mother are not vested in such authority, that is to say, placing such child out at nurse, or boarding it out, or sending it to a certified school or, where such child is not less than fourteen years of age, placing it in any suitable trade, calling or business.

(3) Whenever a public assistance authority places under this section a child in a suitable trade, calling, or business, such authority may pay such fee or sum as may be requisite for that purpose and may support or contribute to the support of such child while it is engaged in learning such trade, calling, or business.

(4) The Minister may make regulations for all or any of the following purposes, that is to say:—

(a) in relation to the placing by a public assistance authority of children out at nurse—

(i) fixing the minimum age at which children may be so placed out at nurse and the maximum age up to which children may remain so placed,

(ii) fixing the conditions under which children may be so placed out at nurse,

(iii) prescribing the form of contract to be entered into by such authority with persons with whom children are so placed out at nurse,

(iv) providing for the supervision and visiting on behalf of the Minister or such authority, of children so placed out at nurse,

(v) securing generally the welfare of children so placed out at nurse;

(b) in relation to the boarding out of children by a public assistance authority—

(i) fixing the minimum age at which children may be so boarded out and the maximum age up to which children may remain so boarded out,

(ii) fixing the conditions under which children may be so boarded out,

(iii) prescribing the form of contract to be entered into by such authority with persons with whom children are so boarded out,

(iv) providing for the supervision and visiting, on behalf of the Minister or of such authority, of children so boarded out,

(v) securing generally the welfare of children so boarded out;

(c) in relation to the sending of children by a public assistance authority to a certified school and the keeping of children so sent at such school—

(i) fixing the minimum age at which children may be so sent to a certified school and the maximum age up to which children may be so kept at a certified school,

(ii) fixing the conditions under which children may be so sent to or so kept at a certified school;

(d) in relation to the placing by a public assistance authority of children at service or in a trade, calling, or business—

(i) fixing the age (not being less than fourteen years) at which children may be so placed,

(ii) fixing the conditions under which children may be so placed,

(iii) prescribing the form of contract to be entered into by such authority with persons with whom children are so placed,

(iv) providing for the supervision and visiting, on behalf of the Minister or of such authority, of children so placed,

(v) securing generally the welfare of children so placed.

49 Removal of child placed out at nurse, etc.

49.—(1) Whenever a public assistance authority has placed a child out at nurse, or boarded out a child, or placed a child at service or in a trade, calling, or business, such authority, at any time before such child has attained the age of sixteen years, may at their discretion and shall, if so required by the Minister, remove such child from the custody of the person with whom it was so placed out, boarded out, or placed at service or in a trade, calling, or business.

(2) Whenever a public assistance authority has sent a child to a certified school, such authority—

(a) may at any time, at their discretion, remove such child from such school, and

(b) shall remove such child from such school if and when required so to do by the Minister or by the managers of such school, or upon such school ceasing to be a certified school.

(3) Whenever a child is removed by a public assistance authority from the custody of a person with whom such child has been placed out at nurse, boarded out, or placed at service or in a trade, calling, or business, any contract between such authority and such person in respect of such child shall terminate immediately upon such removal.

(4) Whenever a public assistance authority is empowered or required by or under this section to remove a child from the custody of a person, such person shall deliver up the custody of such child to the said public assistance authority on demand.

50 Assistance of defective children.

50.—Where the parents or the surviving parent or the guardian of a child who is deaf, dumb, blind, imbecile, idiot, epileptic or crippled are or is unable, by reason of poverty, to provide adequately for the training of such child and a public assistance authority is of opinion that it would be for the benefit of such child that it should be sent to such institution as is hereinafter mentioned, such authority may, with the approval of the Minister and the consent of such parents, parent, or guardian, provide for or contribute to the support, maintenance, and education of such child in an institution established and maintained for the care of such children and approved of by the Minister.

51 Protection of the religious creed of children.

51.—(1) A public assistance authority shall not—

(a) place a child out at nurse or board a child out with a person who does not profess the creed of the religious denomination to which such child belongs, or

(b) place a child in an institution which is conducted on the principles of a religious denomination which is not the denomination to which such child belongs, or

(c) where the parental rights and duties in respect of a child are vested in such authority, educate such child or allow such child to be educated in a religious creed which is not the religious creed in which such child would have been educated if such parental rights had not become vested in such authority.

(2) A child maintained by a public assistance authority shall not be instructed in any religious creed—

(a) in the case of a legitimate child one at least of whose parents is living and has not deserted it, to which its parents or its surviving parent object or objects, or

(b) in the case of an illegitimate child whose mother is living and has not deserted it, to which its mother objects, or

(c) in the case of a legitimate child having no living parent or deserted by both or the survivor of its parents or in the case of an illegitimate child of which the mother is dead or which has been deserted by its mother, to which the guardian or the next-of-kin of such child objects.

52 Right to obtain birth certificate of child.

52.—Whenever the age of a child is required to be ascertained for any of the purposes of this Act, any person shall, on presenting to the proper registrar or superintendent registrar of births and deaths a requisition in writing in the prescribed form and containing the prescribed particulars, be entitled to obtain from such registrar or superintendent registrar (free of charge) a certified copy of the entry in the register of births maintained under the Births and Deaths Registration Acts, 1863 to 1936, of the birth of such child.

PART IV. Finance.

53 Provision of money for certain public assistance authorities.

53.—(1) Where a public assistance district consists of a county borough and a county or part of a county, the money required to meet the expenses of the public assistance authority for such public assistance district shall be supplied to such authority by the corporation of such county borough and the council of such county rateably in proportion to the totals of the valuations appearing in the valuation lists for the time being in force under the Valuation Acts of the rateable property in the respective portions of such public assistance district situate in such county borough and such county respectively.

(2) The money required to meet the expenses of the public assistance authority of a public assistance district the whole of which is situate in the County of Dublin shall be supplied to such public assistance authority by the council of that county.

(3) All moneys required by this section to be supplied by the council of a county or the corporation of a county borough to a public assistance authority shall be so supplied on demand made by such authority in the prescribed form and manner and at the prescribed time.

54 Raising of moneys for certain public assistance authorities.

54.—(1) Where a public assistance district is situate wholly within one county, the expenses incurred by the public assistance authority for such public assistance district shall be raised by the council of such county by means of the poor rate equally over the whole of such public assistance district.

(2) Where a public assistance district consists of a county borough and a county or part of a county, all moneys required by this Part of this Act to be supplied by the council of such county to the public assistance authority for such public assistance district shall be raised by such council by means of the poor rate equally over the whole of such county or part of a county (as the case may be).

(3) All moneys required by this Part of this Act to be raised by the corporation of the county borough of Cork shall be raised by means of the poor rate.

55 Receipt of money by public assistance authorities.

55.—(1) All moneys payable to a public assistance authority shall be paid to and received by the treasurer of such authority and shall be carried by such treasurer to the credit of such authority.

(2) Only the receipt of the treasurer of a public assistance authority shall be a good discharge to a person paying money to such authority, save that the receipt of an officer of such authority duly authorised by such authority or by a regulation made under this Act to receive payments of a particular class shall be a good discharge to a person making a payment of that class to such officer.

(3) Whenever an officer of a public assistance authority receives for such authority any money which he is authorised by such authority or by a regulation made under this Act so to receive, it shall be the duty of such officer forthwith to pay such money to the treasurer of such authority.

56 Payments by public assistance authorities.

56.—(1) All moneys payable by a public assistance authority shall be paid by the treasurer of such authority out of the funds of such authority.

(2) The treasurer of a public assistance authority shall not make any payment out of the funds of such authority except either—

(a) in pursuance of an order of a competent court, or

(b) in pursuance of an order of such authority duly signed (except where such authority is the corporation of a county borough) by three members of such authority present at the meeting at which such order was made and countersigned by the secretary of such authority.

57 Limitation on borrowing.

57.—No sum of money borrowed by a public assistance authority shall be of an amount which itself exceeds or which makes the total debt of such authority exceed one-fourth of the total amount of the valuations appearing in the valuation lists for the time being in force under the Valuation Acts of the rateable property in the public assistance district of such authority.

58 Transfer of certain debts and liabilities.

58.—(1) This section applies to every debt or liability (other than the liability for the payment of any superannuation allowance or gratuity) of a board of guardians or the committee of a county infirmary or fever hospital the liability for the payment of which was, on the abolition of such board or committee by a county scheme, transferred by or under the Local Government (Temporary Provisions) Act, 1923 (No. 9 of 1923), to the council of a county or a county borough and was not paid or discharged by such council before the commencement of this Act.

(2) The Minister may by order, if he so thinks proper, transfer, as from the commencement of this Act or any later date, the liability for the payment of any debt or liability to which this section applies to such public assistance authority or to such two or more public assistance authorities as he shall think fit and, where such transfer is so made to two or more such authorities, in such proportions as he shall think proper and shall specify in such order.

(3) Whenever the liability for the payment of a debt or liability or of a proportion of a debt or liability is transferred under this section to a public assistance authority, such debt or liability or such proportion thereof shall be paid and discharged by such authority as part of its expenses under this Act.

59 Saving for liability of councils in respect of superannuation.

59.—Nothing in this Act shall apply to or affect the liability of the council of a county or of the corporation of a county borough under any Act which ceases by virtue of this Act to have effect in the area of application of this Act for the payment or for the making of a contribution towards the payment of any superannuation allowance.

60 Accounts and audits.

60.—Section 12 and sections 14, 15, 17 and 18 of the Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1871, sub-section (2) of section 63 of the Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1898, sections 19 to 22 of the Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1902, and paragraph (3) of Article 19 of the Schedule to the Local Government (Application of Enactments) Order, 1898, shall apply to the audit of the accounts of the receipts and payments of a public assistance authority and to the auditor appointed to audit such accounts.

PART V. Acquisition and Disposal of Property.

61 Definition of “land”.

61.—In this Part of this Act the word “land” includes water and any estate or interest in land or water and any easement or right in, to, or over land or water.

62 Power of public assistance authority to acquire land.

62.—A public assistance authority may, for the purposes of its powers and duties, acquire land either by agreement with the consent of the Minister or compulsorily under this Part of this Act and the Acts incorporated therewith.

63 Incorporation of the Lands Clauses Acts.

63.—For the purpose of the acquisition of land under this Part of this Act by a public assistance authority, the Lands Clauses Acts as amended by the Second Schedule to the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, shall be and are hereby incorporated with this Part of this Act, but with and subject to the following modifications, that is to say:—

(a) the provisions relating to the sale of superfluous land and access to the special Act, and section 133 (which relates to land tax and poor's rate) of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, shall not be so incorporated;

(b) in the construction of the Lands Clauses Acts when so incorporated, this Act and the relevant compulsory acquisition order (if any) shall be deemed to be the special Act and the public assistance authority shall be deemed to be the promoters of the undertaking;

(c) in the construction of the Second Schedule to the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, when so incorporated—

the expression “local authority” shall mean a public assistance authority within the meaning of this Act,

the expression “confirming Act” shall mean this Part of this Act and the compulsory acquisition order as made and confirmed under this Part of this Act,

the expression “confirming authority” shall mean the Minister, and references to the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, or to Part I thereof shall be construed as references to this Act;

(d) the arbitrator when assessing compensation shall not take into account any building erected or any improvement or alteration made or any interest in land created after the date on which notice of the making of the compulsory acquisition order was published in pursuance of this Part of this Act if, in the opinion of the arbitrator, the erection of such building or the making of such improvement or alteration or the creation of such interest was not reasonably necessary and was effected with a view to obtaining or increasing such compensation.

64 Power of public assistance authority to inspect land.

64.—(1) Any officer or agent of a public assistance authority who is duly authorised in that behalf by such public assistance authority may, subject to the provisions of this section, enter on any land at all reasonable times between the hours of nine o'clock in the forenoon and six o'clock in the afternoon for the purpose of ascertaining whether such land is or is not suitable for acquisition by such public assistance authority.

(2) A person entering on land under the foregoing sub-section of this section may do on such land all such things as are reasonably necessary for the purpose mentioned in the said sub-section and, in particular, may survey, make plans, take levels, make excavations, and examine the depth and nature of the subsoil.

(3) Before any person enters on any land under this section, the public assistance authority on whose authority such entry is proposed to be made shall either obtain the consent (in the case of occupied land) of the occupier or (in the case of unoccupied land) the owner or shall cause not less than fourteen days notice in writing of the intention to make such entry to be given to such occupier or such owner (as the case may be).

(4) Any person to whom a notice of intention to enter on land has been given under the next preceding sub-section of this section may, not later than fourteen days after the giving of such notice, apply to the justice of the District Court having jurisdiction in the district in which such land is situate, on notice to the public assistance authority by whom or on whose behalf such notice was given, for an order prohibiting the said entry on such land, and, upon the hearing of such application, such justice may, if he so thinks proper, either wholly prohibit such entry on such land or specify conditions to be observed by the person making such entry.

(5) Where a justice of the District Court prohibits under the next preceding sub-section of this section a proposed entry on land, it shall not be lawful for any person to enter on such land under this section, and where a justice of the District Court specifies under the said next preceding sub-section of this section conditions to be observed by persons entering on land under this section, every person who so enters on such land shall observe the conditions so specified.

(6) Any person who suffers damage by anything done on any land under this section and, within one month after such thing is done, makes to the public assistance authority on whose authority such land was entered under this section a claim for compensation in respect of such damage, shall be entitled to be paid by such public assistance authority reasonable compensation for such damage and to recover such compensation (when the amount thereof has been agreed upon or has been determined under the next following sub-section of this section) from such public assistance authority in any court of competent jurisdiction as a simple contract debt.

(7) In default of agreement, the amount of any compensation payable by a public assistance authority under the next preceding sub-section of this section shall, if the amount claimed in respect thereof does not exceed twenty pounds, be determined by the District Court or, in any other case, be determined by arbitration under the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, (as amended by subsequent enactments) as if such compensation were the price of land compulsorily acquired.

(8) Every person who shall, by act or omission, obstruct an officer or agent of a public assistance authority in the lawful exercise of the powers conferred by this section shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding five pounds together with, in the case of a continuing offence, a further fine not exceeding one pound for every day on which the offence is continued.

65 Making of compulsory acquisition order.

65.—(1) When a public assistance authority desires to acquire compulsorily under this Part of this Act any particular land, such public assistance authority may make an order (in this Part of this Act referred to as a compulsory acquisition order) that such land be acquired compulsorily under this Part of this Act.

(2) Every compulsory acquisition order shall be in the prescribed form and shall describe the lands to which such order relates by reference to a map complying with the prescribed conditions.

66 Notices, etc., of making of compulsory acquisition order.

66.— (1) When a public assistance authority has made a compulsory acquisition order, such public assistance authority shall—

(a) publish at least once in a newspaper circulating in the functional area of such public assistance authority an advertisement in the prescribed form stating that a compulsory acquisition order has been made by such authority in respect of specified land and that such order and the map referred to therein may be inspected at a specified place, and