The Education (Curriculum Minimum Content) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007

Made: 26th January 2007

Coming into operation: 1st August 2007

The Department of Education makes the following Order in exercise of the powers conferred on it by Articles 7(2) and 43(5) of the Education (Northern Ireland) Order 2006[^f00001]:

Citation and commencement

1

This Order may be cited as The Education (Curriculum Minimum Content) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007 and shall come into operation as set out in Schedule 1.

Specification of Minimum Content

2

The Minimum Content for the area of learning at each Key Stage is specified in Schedule 2.

SCHEDULE 1 — Commencement

The provisions of this Order shall come into operation for pupils in each year of each key stage on 1st August of the school year shown in the following table:

Commencement Date	Year Group
2007/2008	1st year of the Foundation Stage
2007/2008	1st year of Key Stage 2
2007/2008	1st year of Key Stage 3
2007/2008	1st year of Key Stage 4
2008/2009	2nd year of the Foundation Stage
2008/2009	2nd year of Key Stage 2
2008/2009	2nd year of Key Stage 3
2008/2009	2nd year of Key Stage 4
2009/2010	1st and 2nd years of Key Stage 1
2009/2010	3rd year of Key Stage 2
2009/2010	3rd year of Key Stage 3

SCHEDULE 2 — Specification of Minimum Content

PART 1 — Statutory Requirements Relating to the Curriculum

The statutory Northern Ireland Curriculum from Foundation Stage to Key Stage 4

is a balanced and broadly based curriculum which—

• (a) promotes the spiritual, emotional, moral, cultural, intellectual and physical development of pupils at the school and thereby of society; and

• (b) prepares such pupils for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of life by equipping them with appropriate knowledge, understanding and skills.

In order to meet their statutory requirements, schools must provide learning opportunities in relation to the following:

• (a) Religious Education – in accordance with the core syllabus drafted by the four main Christian Churches in Northern Ireland and specified by the Department of Education.

• (b) the following Areas of Learning:

Areas of Learning	Contributory Elements
Language and Literacy	Talking and ListeningReadingWriting
Mathematics and Numeracy	NumberMeasuresShape and SpaceSortingPatterns and Relationships
The Arts	Art and designMusicDrama
The World Around Us	The World Around Us
Personal Development and Mutual Understanding	Personal Understanding and HealthMutual Understanding in the Local and Wider Community
Physical Development and Movement	Physical Development and Movement
Areas of Learning	Contributory Elements
---	---
Language and Literacy	Talking and ListeningReadingWriting
Mathematics and Numeracy	Processes in MathematicsNumberMeasuresShape and SpaceHandling Data
The Arts	Art and DesignMusicDrama
The World Around Us	HistoryGeographyScience and Technology
Personal Development and Mutual Understanding	Personal Understanding and HealthMutual Understanding in the Local and Wider Community
Physical Education	Physical Education
Areas of Learning	Contributory Elements
---	---
Language and Literacy	EnglishIrish (in Irish-speaking schools)Media education
Mathematics and Numeracy	MathematicsFinancial capability
Modern Languages	Any official language of the European Union (other than English and, in Irish speaking schools, Irish).
The Arts	Art and DesignMusicDrama
Environment and Society	HistoryGeography
Science and Technology	ScienceTechnology and Design
Learning for Life and Work	EmployabilityLocal and Global CitizenshipPersonal DevelopmentHome Economics
Physical Education	Physical Education
Areas of Learning	Contributory Elements
---	---
Language and Literacy
Mathematics and Numeracy
Modern Languages
The Arts
Environment and Society
Science and Technology
Learning for Life and Work	EmployabilityLocal and Global CitizenshipPersonal Development
Physical Education	Physical Education

Minimum Content

The Minimum Content for each Area of Learning and Key Stage means the knowledge, understanding and skills within that Area of Learning which are required to be taught to pupils of different abilities and maturities during that stage.

PART 2 — Foundation Stage

LANGUAGE AND LITERACY

The minimum content for Language and Literacy is set out below.

Pupils should be enabled to:

• count a variety of objects;

• develop an understanding of one-to-one correspondence and come to appreciate that the size of a set is given by the last number in the count;

• investigate different ways of making sets for a given number within 5/10;

• match numerals to sets;

• order numerals and sets within 5/10;

• develop an understanding of conservation of number within 5/10;

• understand in counting activities that ‘none’ is represented by zero;

• explore ordinal number;

• explore the number that comes after, before, between a given number;

• carry out simple mental calculations;

• extend, when appropriate, understanding of number beyond 10.

TALKING AND LISTENING

Pupils should be enabled to develop:

• attention and listening skills through:listening to a wide range of stories, poems, songs and music;following instructions;identifying environmental sounds;repeating familiar phrases/sound sequences;recalling sequence and detail.

• phonological awareness through:responding to a steady beat;identifying words in phrases and sentences;identifying syllables;identifying and generating rhymes;identifying and manipulating phonemes.

• social use of language through:observing modelled behaviours;understanding non-verbal signals;talking with adults and other pupils;initiating and joining in conversations in pairs or groups;working in different groupings;adopting or assuming a role relevant to context.

• language and thinking through:talking about experiences, pictures and stories;talking about their work, play and things they have made;naming;recalling;sequencing;predicting;asking and answering questions;describing;explaining;sharing their thoughts, feelings and ideas with different audiences;taking part/contributing to group oral language activities.

• an extended vocabulary through:listening and responding to adults and peers;an immersion in the language of books, both fiction and non-fiction;focused experiences to introduce or generate vocabulary.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• express themselves with increasing clarity and confidence, using a growing vocabulary and more complex sentence structure;

• understand and use social conventions in conversations and pupil initiated interactions;

• initiate and sustain conversations with adults and peers in the classroom;

• retell stories, events or personal experiences in sequence with reasonable detail;

• answer questions to give information and demonstrate understanding;

• ask questions to find information or seek an explanation;

• offer reasons to support opinions given;

• listen with increasing attentiveness and for longer periods of time;

• listen to and carry out increasingly complex instructions.

READING

Through modelled, shared and guided reading sessions pupils should be enabled to:

• read with some independence;

• read a range of texts including electronic texts and those composed by themselves and others;

• sequence stories in reasonable detail using appropriate language;

• use word structure to develop reading;

• develop auditory discrimination and memory;

• develop visual discrimination and memory;

• share a range of books with adults/other pupils;

• know how to handle and care for books;

• understand and use some language associated with books;

• select and use books for specific purposes;

• develop concepts of print;

• listen to a range of stories, poems and non-fiction texts read to them by adults/other pupils.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• understand that words are made up of sounds and syllables and that sounds are represented by letters (phoneme/grapheme awareness);

• recognise different types of text and identify specific features of some genres;

• read and follow simple instructions;

• use a range of reading cues with increasing independence and begin to self-correct;

• read on sight, some words in a range of meaningful contexts;

• begin to read with expression in response to print variations and punctuation;

• use extended vocabulary when discussing text, re-telling stories or in their emergent writing;

• make links between personal experience and the text;

• make and give reasons for predictions;

• understand the purpose of and use environmental print;

• browse and choose books for a specific purpose.

WRITING

Through modelled, shared and guided writing sessions pupils should be enabled to:

• distinguish between drawing and writing;

• talk about the ideas represented in their drawings.

• understand that writing is a means of communication and can be used for different purposes;

• share their writing with others;

• see themselves and the teacher as ‘writers’;

• observe the teacher modelling specific writing strategies;

• use ICT to present and communicate their ideas.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• write without prompting and make decisions about how and what they will write;

• use rhymes, poems and patterned stories as models for structuring their own writing;

• write in a range of genres with teacher guidance;

• begin to problem-solve how to write using sound-symbol correspondence as the first strategy;

• begin to show evidence of sequence in recount and instructions;

• use a wide range of vocabulary in their writing;

• begin to demarcate sentences;

• begin to use capital letters for the pronoun ‘I’, for names and at the start of a sentence;

• show increased control over formation of lower and upper-case letters, size and spacing.

MATHEMATICS AND NUMERACY

The minimum content for Mathematics and Numeracy is set out below.

NUMBER:

Understanding Number

Pupils should be enabled to:

• listen to and follow simple instructions/rules;

• take part in warm-up and cool-down activities;

• experiment with different ways of moving and exploring personal and general space;

• develop confidence, imagination and some understanding of safety through participating in a range of movement activities;

• develop body awareness through varying body movements in relation to shape, levels, pathways (straight/curved), directions, speed;

• use a range of small equipment to develop skills of rolling, pushing, patting, throwing, catching, aiming, hitting, kicking and passing;

• play/create/modify simple games;

• listen and respond to a range of stimuli;

• explore, refine and improve simple movements;

• create, practise, improve and perform simple movement sequences which have a clear beginning, middle and end;

• use a range of movement vocabulary to discuss actions;

• observe, describe and copy what others have done;

• lift, carry, place and store equipment safely, with adult assistance where appropriate.

Pupils should be enabled to:

• count in the context of number rhymes, jingles and stories;

• count forwards in ones within 5/10 from different starting points;

• count backwards in ones within 5/10 from different starting points;

• recognise numerals up to 5/10;

• state, without counting, quantities within 5;

• make a sensible guess of quantities within 10;

• explore numbers relevant to their every day lives;

• extend, when appropriate, counting in ones and recognition of numbers beyond 10;

• extend activities to include counting in 2s, 5s and 10s.

Understanding Money

Pupils should be enabled to:

• use money in various contexts;

• talk about things that they want to spend money on;

• understand the need to pay for goods;

• become familiar with coins in everyday use;

• talk about different ways we can pay for goods;

• use their number skills in shopping activities.

MEASURES

Pupils should be enabled to:

• compare two objects of different length/weight/capacity/area; understand and use the language of comparison;

• order three objects of different length, weight, capacity, area; talk about the ordering using appropriate language;

• find an object of similar length, weight, capacity, area; talk about their findings in terms of ‘just about the same’ length, weight, capacity, area;

• begin to explore the notion of conservation of length, weight, capacity in practical situations; engage in discussion about their observations;

• choose and use, with guidance, non-standard units to measure length/capacity/weight; talk about their work;

• sequence two or three familiar events;

• talk about significant times on the clock;

• compare two intervals of time; talk about their observations in terms of took longer/shorter time;

• explore time patterns;

• choose and use, with guidance, non-standard units to measure time; talk about their work.

SHAPE AND SPACE

Pupils should be enabled to:

• explore and talk about shapes in the environment;

• build and make models with 3D shapes; create pictures and patterns with 2D shapes;

• investigate and talk about the properties of shapes;

• sort collections of shapes in several ways; describe the arrangements;

• describe and name common 3-D and 2-D shapes;

• explore body space through different types of movement;

• explore movement through space during indoor and outdoor play activities;

• understand and use a range of positional words;

• explore movement using programmable devices;

• follow/give directions from/to a partner for simple movements.

SORTING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• explore freely properties of a range of materials and one/two/three property collections; respond to questions about the arrangements;

• sort collections of random materials;

• sort for one criterion using one-property materials; talk about the arrangement;

• sort for one criterion using two-property collections; re-sort for the second criterion; explain their work;

• sort for one criterion using three/four-property collections; find the various possibilities; explain their work;

• partition sets into subsets in preparation for exploring components of number.

PATTERNS AND RELATIONSHIPS

Pupils should be enabled to:

• investigate and talk about pattern in the environment;

• copy a simple pattern;

• continue a simple pattern;

• create patterns;

• explore pattern in number;

• discover the components of numbers within 5/10 by investigating different ways of partitioning sets into subsets practically; talk abut the outcomes;

• understand the concept of addition by combining sets of objects to find ‘how many’;

• match objects in real contexts;

• compare sets by matching objects/counting objects to understand the terms ‘more than’ less than’ ‘the same’;

• investigate the relationship between addition and subtraction in practical situations.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• use appropriate mathematical language and symbols;

• sort and re-sort materials, recording the outcomes in a variety of ways;

• talk about data represented in simple block graphs, tables and diagrams;

• understand the conservation of number;

• count forwards and backwards from different starting points;

• recognise numbers to at least 20;

• carry out mental calculations such as 1 more/less than up to 20, doubles up to 10 and mentally add and subtract within 10;

• understand that ‘teen’ numbers are made up of 10 plus another number;

• begin to measure using non-standard units;

• talk about the properties of 3-D and 2-D shapes using appropriate mathematical language;

• be involved in solving practical problems.

THE ARTS

The minimum content for The Arts is set out below.

ART AND DESIGN

Pupils should be enabled to:

• observe and respond to things seen, handled, remembered and imagined;

• investigate and talk about colours, lines, shapes, textures and patterns;

• look at, and respond to a piece of work by artists, designers, illustrators or craft workers;

• explore and use a wide range of materials and processes;

• create and develop ideas using colours, lines, shapes, textures and patterns;

• talk about own and other pupils work, and how the work was made.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• use senses to explore real things, developing the capacity for focusing attention to detail;

• use direct experiences, memory and imagination to observe and respond to the world;

• begin to use visual language to describe what has been examined and observed;

• begin to appreciate the visual qualities in the natural and made environment;

• value own and other pupils’ work;

• talk about the processes involved in creating own work;

• look at, explore and talk with some confidence about works of art, craft and design;

• explore and discover qualities of various materials in order to make choices and to create their own unique pictures and structures;

• begin to develop a range of skills using materials, tools and processes (drawing, painting, printmaking, textiles, malleable materials and three dimensional construction).

MUSIC

Pupils should be enabled to:

• work creatively with sound;

• sing and perform with simple instruments;

• listen and respond to own and others’ music-making.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• be aware of and perform a steady beat;

• distinguish between loud/quiet sounds, high/low sounds, long/short sounds, fast/slow music;

• listen to and repeat simple rhythms;

• make music;

• watch and respond to start/stop signals;

• value own and others’ contributions in the team aspect of music making and performing.

DRAMA

Pupils should be enabled to:

• express thoughts ideas and feelings;

• develop their creativity through imaginative play;

• engage in dramatic play to extend the learning;

• take part in a range of drama games and strategies.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• co-operate during role play, negotiate roles, agree rules and act out scenarios;

• express thoughts, ideas, feelings and imagination with confidence in a range of dramatic contexts using verbal and non-verbal language;

• adopt and sustain a role.

THE WORLD AROUND US

The minimum content for The World Around Us is set out below.

Interdependence

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• Who am I?

• What am I?

• Am I the same as everyone else?

• What else is living?

• How do living things survive?

Place

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• Where do I live?

• How have I changed over time?

• What is in my world?

• What is beyond my world?

• How has this place changed?

Movement and Energy

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How do things move now and in the past?

• Why do things move?

• How do things work?

• Why do people and animals move?

• Where do things move?

• Where do people and animals move to?

• What sources of energy are in my world?

• How and why are they used?

Change over Time

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How do things change?

• What kind of changes happen, have happened or might happen?

• How can we make change happen?

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• show curiosity about the living things, places, objects and materials in the environment;

• identify similarities and differences between living things, places, objects and materials;

• understand that some things change over time;

• understand that different materials behave in different ways, have different properties and can be used for different purposes;

• understand that some materials change if kept in different conditions;

• understand that materials can be joined/assembled in different ways;

• be aware of the local natural and built environment and their place in it;

• know some of the jobs that are carried out by different people in the local community;

• be able to sequence familiar events;

• be aware of different lifestyles;

• understand the need to respect and care for themselves, other people, plants, animals and the environment;

• understand and use positional and directional language, as well as simple maps and drawings;

• be aware of everyday uses of technological tools and know how to use some of these safely.

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING

The minimum content for Personal Development and Mutual Understanding is set out below.

PERSONAL UNDERSTANDING AND HEALTH

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• themselves and their personal attributes;

• their own and others’ feelings and emotions;

• their dispositions and attitudes to learning;

• the importance of keeping healthy and how to keep safe in familiar and unfamiliar environments.

MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE LOCAL AND WIDER COMMUNITY

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• their relationships with family and friends;

• their responsibilities for self and others;

• how to respond appropriately in conflict situations;

• similarities and differences between groups of people;

• learning to live as a member of a community.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• express a senses of self awareness;

• show some self control and express their own feelings and emotions appropriately;

• show a positive attitude to learning;

• adopt healthy and hygienic routines and understand how to keep safe;

• form good relationships with adults and other pupils;

• show independence and know when to seek help;

• show respect when working and playing together and recognise the need for rules;

• recognise similarities and differences in families and the wider community;

• be familiar with the interdependent nature of the class/school community.

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MOVEMENT

The minimum content for Physical Development and Movement is set out below.

Progression

As pupils progress through the Foundation Stage they should be enabled to:

• move with control and co-ordination;

• move with confidence, imagination and safety;

• show an awareness of personal and general space;

• respond appropriately to instructions and to stimuli;

• travel, showing changes of speed, direction and level;

• develop controlled movement, understanding positional language;

• create, remember and perform simple movement sequences;

• use a range of small and large equipment appropriately;

• handle small tools, objects, construction and malleable materials safely and with increasing control;

• use appropriate language to talk about ideas, feelings and movements of themselves and others;

• begin to understand the importance of warm-up and cool-down activities before and after exercise;

• begin to understand the importance of physical activity for good health and the reasons that it is important to dress appropriately for physical activity;

• be aware of the effects of exercise on their bodies.

PART 3 — Key Stage 1

LANGUAGE AND LITERACY

The minimum content for Language and Literacy is set out below.

Pupils should be enabled to:

• select the materials and mathematics appropriate for a task;

• develop different approaches to problem solving;

• begin to organise their own work and work systematically.

TALKING AND LISTENING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in talking and listening in every area of learning;

• listen to, respond to and explore stories, poems, songs, drama, and media texts through the use of traditional and digital resources and recreate parts of them in a range of expressive activities;

• listen to, interpret and retell, with some supporting detail, a range of oral and written texts;

• tell their own stories based on personal experiences and imagination;

• listen to and respond to guidance and instructions;

• take turns at talking and listening in group and paired activities;

• take part in a range of drama activities to support activity based learning across the curriculum;

• express thoughts, feelings and opinions in response to personal experiences, imaginary situations, literature, media and curricular topics and activities;

• present ideas and information with some structure and sequence;

• think about what they say and how they say it;

• speak audibly and clearly, using appropriate quality of speech and voice;

• devise and ask questions to find information in social situations and across the curriculum;

• read aloud from a variety of sources, including their own work, inflecting appropriately to emphasise meaning;

• recognise and talk about features of spoken language, showing phonological awareness.

READING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in modelled, shared, paired and guided reading activities;

• read, and be read to from a wide selection of poetry and prose;

• read with some independence for enjoyment and information;

• read, explore, understand and make use of a range of traditional and digital texts;

• re-tell, re-read and act out a range of texts, representing ideas through drama, pictures, diagrams and ICT;

• begin to locate, select and use texts for specific purposes;

• research and manage information relevant to specific purposes, using traditional and digital sources, and present their findings in a variety of ways;

• use a range of comprehension skills, both oral and written, to interpret and discuss texts;

• explore and begin to understand how texts are structured in a range of genres;

• explore and interpret a range of visual texts;

• express opinions and give reasons based on what they have read;

• begin to use evidence from text to support their views;

• read and share their own books of stories and poems including the use of digital resources;

• build up a sight vocabulary;

• use a range of strategies to identify unfamiliar words;

• talk with the teacher about ways in which language is written down, identifying phrases, words, patterns or letters and other features of written language;

• recognise and notice how words are constructed and spelt.

WRITING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in modelled, shared, guided and independent writing, including composing on-screen;

• understand and use a range of vocabulary by investigating and experimenting with language;

• talk about and plan what they are going to write;

• begin to check their work in relation to specific criteria;

• write without prompting, making their own decisions about form and content;

• write for a variety of purposes and audiences;

• express thoughts, feelings and opinions in imaginative and factual writing;

• organise, structure and present ideas and information using traditional and digital means;

• understand some of the differences between spoken and written language;

• use a variety of skills to spell words in their writing;

• spell correctly a range of familiar, important and regularly occurring words;

• develop increasing competence in the use of grammar and punctuation;

• use a legible style of handwriting.

MATHEMATICS AND NUMERACY

Teachers should enable pupils to develop knowledge, understanding and skills in:

PROCESSES IN MATHEMATICS

Making and Monitoring Decisions

Patterns, Relationships and Sequences in Number

Pupils should be enabled to:

• copy, continue and devise repeating patterns;

• explore patterns in number tables;

• understand the commutative property of addition and the relationship between addition and subtraction;

• understand the use of a symbol to stand for an unknown number;

• understand and use simple function machines.

Operations and their Applications

Pupils should be enabled to:

• understand the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division (without remainders) and use them to solve problems;

• know addition and subtraction facts to 20 and the majority of multiplication facts up to 10 x 10;

• develop strategies for adding and subtracting mentally up to the addition of two two-digit numbers within 100.

NUMBER

Understanding Number and Number Notation

Money

Pupils should be enabled to:

• recognise coins and use them in simple contexts;

• add and subtract money up to £10, use the conventional way of recording money, and use these skills to solve problems;

• talk about the value of money and ways in which it could be spent, saved and kept safe;

• talk about what money is and alternatives for paying;

• decide how to spend money.

MEASURES

Pupils should be enabled to:

• understand and use the language associated with length, ‘weight’, capacity, area and time;

• use non-standard units to measure and recognise the need for standard units;

• know and use the most commonly used units to measure in purposeful contexts;

• make estimates using arbitrary and standard units;

• choose and use simple measuring instruments, reading and interpreting them with reasonable accuracy;

• sequence everyday events; know the days of the week, months of the year and seasons; explore calendar patterns;

• recognise times on the analogue clock and digital displays;

• understand the conservation of measures.

SHAPE AND SPACE

Exploration of Shape

HANDLING DATA

Collecting, Representing and Interpreting Data

THE ARTS

The minimum content for The Arts is set out below.

ART AND DESIGN

Pupils should be enabled to:

• investigate and respond to direct sensory experience; including visual, verbal, spatial and tactile dimensions, memory and imagination;

• look at and talk about resource material to stimulate their own ideas;

• enjoy and appreciate the work of artists and designers and craftworkers from their own and other cultures; use what has been viewed as a starting point for their own work;

• explore the visual elements of colour, tone, line, shape, form, space, texture and pattern to express ideas;

• talk about their own and others’ work and how it was made, use observations to identify difficulties and suggest modifications;

• experiment with a range of media, materials, tools and processes such as: drawing, painting, printmaking, malleable materials, textiles and three-dimensional construction.

MUSIC

Pupils should be enabled to:

• work creatively with sound by investigating, experimenting, selecting and combining sounds to express feelings, ideas, mood and atmosphere;

• sing and perform with simple instruments to develop vocal and manipulative control;

• listen and respond to their own and others’ music-making, thinking and talking about sounds, effects and musical features in music that they create, perform or listen to.

DRAMA

Pupils should be enabled to:

• develop their understanding of the world by engaging in a range of creative and imaginative role play situations by creating invented situations on their own and with others, and responding in role to the dramatic play of others and to the teacher in role;

• explore a range of cultural and human issues in a safe environment by participating in dramatic activity and sharing ideas with others;

• develop a range of drama strategies including freeze frame, tableau and hot seating;

• develop dramatic skills appropriate to audience, context, purpose and task by using simple props to suggest character, and by using symbols and images to develop action and make meaning.

THE WORLD AROUND US

The minimum content for The World Around Us is set out below.

Interdependence

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• ‘Me’ in the world;

• How plants and animals rely on each other within the natural world;

• Interdependence of people and the environment;

• The effect of people on the natural environment over time;

• Interdependence of people, plants, animals and place.

Place

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How place influences plant and animal life;

• Ways in which living things depend on and adapt to their environment;

• Features of the immediate world and comparisons between places;

• Change over time in local places;

• Positive and negative effects of people on places.

Movement and Energy

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• Sources of energy in the world;

• How and why people and animals move;

• Changes in movement and energy over time.

Change over Time

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• Ways in which change occurs in the natural world;

• How people and places have changed over time;

• Positive change and how we have a responsibility to make an active contribution.

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING

The minimum content for Personal Development and Mutual Understanding is set out below.

PERSONAL UNDERSTANDING AND HEALTH

• their self esteem and self confidence;

• their own and others’ feelings and emotions and how their actions affect others;

• positive attitudes to learning and achievement;

• strategies and skills for keeping themselves healthy and safe.

MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE LOCAL AND WIDER COMMUNITY

• initiating and developing mutually satisfying relationships;

• responsibility and respect, honesty and fairness;

• constructive approaches to conflict;

• similarities and differences between people;

• developing themselves as members of a community.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The minimum content for Physical Education is set out below.

Athletics

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in fun activities and physical challenges enabling them to begin to learn, understand and develop the core skills of running, jumping and throwing individually and in a co-operative context, using a variety of equipment;

• practise simple running techniques in a variety of fun activities;

• practise jumping and throwing activities, initially from a stationary position progressing to a controlled run-up;

• measure performance in simple athletic activities.

Dance

Pupils should be enabled to:

• use different parts of the body to explore personal and general space and to move using simple actions;

• listen to, and move in response to, different stimuli and accompaniments;

• move in a controlled manner, at different speeds and in different directions, using different levels in space, (high, low), and different strengths (heavy, light);

• perform simple steps and movements to given rhythms and musical phrases;

• create, practise, remember and perform simple movement sequences;

• develop their movements progressively individually and in pairs.

Games

Pupils should be enabled to:

• practise and develop the skills of handling, hitting and kicking through a range of activities and using a variety of equipment;

• develop the skills relevant to games, including running, stopping, jumping and skipping;

• make use of space to outwit an opponent;

• take part in simple games involving individual and co-operative play.

Gymnastics

Pupils should be enabled to

• explore a range of movement skills, including travelling, jumping and landing, rolling, climbing, transferring weight, balancing;

• explore, practise and improve body management skills;

• form simple sequences by linking movements;

• progress from working individually to working in pairs;

• evaluate their movements and those of others.

PART 4 — Key Stage 2

LANGUAGE AND LITERACY

The minimum content for Language and Literacy is set out below.

Pupils should be enabled to:

• take increasing responsibility for selecting and using the materials and the mathematics required for their work;

• identify and obtain the information required for a task, suggesting appropriate sources to find the information;

• plan and organise their work, learning to work systematically;

• develop a range of strategies for problem solving, looking for ways to overcome difficulties.

TALKING AND LISTENING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• listen and respond to a range of fiction, poetry, drama and media texts through the use of traditional and digital resources;

• tell, re-tell and interpret stories based on memories, personal experiences, literature, imagination and the content of the curriculum;

• participate in group and class discussions for a variety of curricular purposes;

• know, understand and use the conventions of group discussion;

• share, respond to and evaluate ideas, arguments and points of view and use evidence or reason to justify opinions, actions or proposals;

• formulate, give and respond to guidance, directions and instructions;

• participate in a range of drama activities across the curriculum;

• improvise a scene based on experience, imagination, literature, media and/or curricular topics;

• describe and talk about real experiences and imaginary situations and about people, places, events and artefacts;

• prepare and give a short oral presentation to a familiar group, showing an awareness of audience and including the use of multimedia presentations;

• identify and ask appropriate questions to seek information, views and feelings;

• talk with people in a variety of formal and informal situations;

• use appropriate quality of speech and voice, speaking audibly and varying register, according to the purpose and audience;

• read aloud, inflecting appropriately, to express thoughts and feelings and emphasise the meaning of what they have read;

• recognise and discuss features of spoken language, including formal and informal language, dialect and colloquial speech.

READING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in modelled, shared, paired and guided reading experiences;

• read, explore, understand and make use of a wide range of traditional and digital texts;

• engage in sustained, independent and silent reading for enjoyment and information;

• extend the range of their reading and develop their own preferences;

• use traditional and digital sources to locate, select, evaluate and communicate information relevant for a particular task;

• represent their understanding of texts in a range of ways, including visual, oral, dramatic and digital;

• consider, interpret and discuss texts, exploring the ways in which language can be manipulated in order to affect the reader or engage attention;

• begin to be aware of how different media present information, ideas and events in different ways;

• justify their responses logically, by inference, deduction and/or reference to evidence within the text;

• reconsider their initial response to texts in the light of insight and information which emerge subsequently from their reading;

• read aloud to the class or teacher from prepared texts, including those composed by themselves, using inflection to assist meaning;

• use a range of cross-checking strategies to read unfamiliar words in texts;

• use a variety of reading skills for different reading purposes.

WRITING

Pupils should be enabled to:

• participate in modelled, shared, guided and independent writing, including composing on-screen;

• discuss various features of layout in texts and apply these, as appropriate, within their own writing;

• experiment with rhymes, rhythms, verse structure and all kinds of word play and dialect;

• write for a variety of purposes and audiences, selecting, planning and using appropriate style and form;

• use the skills of planning, revising and redrafting to improve their writing, including that which they have composed digitally;

• express thoughts, feelings and opinions in imaginative and factual writing;

• use a variety of stylistic features to create mood and effect;

• begin to formulate their own personal style;

• create, organise, refine and present ideas using traditional and digital means, combining text, sound or graphics;

• understand the differences between spoken and written language;

• use a variety of skills to spell words correctly;

• develop increasing competence in the use of grammar and punctuation to create clarity of meaning;

• develop a swift and legible style of handwriting.

MATHEMATICS AND NUMERACY

The minimum content for Mathematics and Numeracy is set out below.

PROCESSES IN MATHEMATICS

Making and Monitoring Decisions

Patterns, Relationships and Sequences in Number

Pupils should be enabled to:

• explore and predict patterns and sequences of whole numbers; follow and devise rules for generating sequences;

• understand and use multiples and factors and the terms prime, square and cube; appreciate inverse operations;

• interpret, generalise and use simple relationships expressed in numerical, spatial and practical situations; understand and use simple function machines;

• understand that a letter can stand for an unknown number.

Operations and their Applications

Pupils should be enabled to:

• develop strategies to add and subtract mentally;

• know the multiplication facts up to 10 x 10;

• engage in a range of activities to develop understanding of the four operations of number; appreciate the use of brackets; add and subtract with up to two decimal places; multiply and divide decimals by whole numbers; use these operations to solve problems.

NUMBER

Understanding Number and Number Notation

Money

Pupils should be enabled to:

• use the four operations to solve problems involving money;

• discuss the value of money, how to keep money safe, ways in which goods can be paid for and the need for budgeting;

• be able to plan and think ahead in terms of saving and spending money; prioritise spending with a limited supply of money; understand how to access best buys;

• discuss foreign currency including the Euro.

MEASURES

Pupils should be enabled to:

• develop skills in estimation of length, ‘weight’, volume/capacity, time, area and temperature;

• appreciate important ideas about measurement, including the continuous nature of measurement and the need for appropriate accuracy;

• understand the relationship between units and convert one metric unit to another; use the four operations to solve problems;

• calculate perimeter and the areas and volumes of simple shapes;

• understand and use scale in the context of simple maps and drawings;

• recognise times on the analogue and digital clocks and understand the relationship between the 12 and 24-hour clocks; use timetables.

SHAPE AND SPACE

Exploration of Shape

HANDLING DATA

Collecting, Representing and Interpreting Data

THE ARTS

The minimum content for The Arts is set out below.

ART AND DESIGN

Pupils should be enabled to:

• engage with observing, investigating, and responding to first hand experiences, memory and imagination;

• collect, examine and select resource material to use in the development of ideas;

• look at and talk about the work of artists, designers and craftsworkers from their own and other cultures; appreciate methods used in the resource materials and use their appreciation to stimulate personal ideas and engage with informed art making;

• develop their understanding of the visual elements of colour, tone, line, shape, form, space, texture and pattern to communicate their ideas;

• evaluate their own and others’ work and how it was made, explain and share their ideas discuss difficulties and review and modify work to find solutions;

• use a range of media, materials, tools and processes such as: drawing, painting, printmaking, malleable materials, textiles and three-dimensional construction, selecting which is appropriate in order to realise personal ideas and intentions.

MUSIC

Pupils should be enabled to:

• work creatively with sound by creating musical stories, pictures, patterns, conversations, accompaniments and by investigating ways of preserving the music they have created;

• sing and perform with simple instruments from memory, by ear or from notation to develop vocal and instrumental skills;

• listen and respond to their own and others’ music-making, thinking about, talking about and discussing a variety of characteristics within music that they create, perform or listen to.

Drama

Pupils should be enabled to:

• develop their understanding of the world by engaging in a range of creative and imaginative role play situations;

• explore a range of cultural and human issues in a safe environment by using drama to begin to explore their own and others’ feeling about issues, and by negotiating situations both in and out of role;

• develop a range of drama strategies including freeze frame, tableau, hot seating, thought tracking and conscience;

• develop dramatic skills appropriate to audience, context, purpose and task by exploring voice, movement, gesture and facial expression through basic exploration of a specific role, and by structuring dramatic activity to make meaning clear for a chosen audience.

THE WORLD AROUND US

The minimum content for The World Around Us is set out below.

Interdependence

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How they and others interact in the world;

• How living things rely on each other within the natural world;

• Interdependence of people and the environment and how this has been accelerated over time by advances in transport and communications;

• The effect of people on the natural and built environment over time.

Place

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How place influences the nature of life;

• Ways in which people, plants and animals depend on the features and materials in places and how they adapt to their environment;

• Features of, and variations in places, including physical, human, climatic, vegetation and animal life;

• Our place in the universe;

• Change over time in places;

• Positive and negative effects of natural and human events upon place over time.

Movement and Energy

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• The causes and effect of energy, forces and movement;

• Causes that effect the movement of people and animals;

• How movement can be accelerated by human and natural events such as wars, earthquakes, famine or floods;

• Positive and negative consequences of movement and its impact on people, places and interdependence.

Change over Time

Pupils should be enabled to explore:

• How change is a feature of the human and natural world and may have consequences for our lives and the world around us;

• Ways in which change occurs over both short and long periods of time in the physical and natural world;

• The effects of positive and negative changes globally and how we contribute to some of these changes.

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING

The minimum content for Personal Development and Mutual Understanding is set out below.

PERSONAL UNDERSTANDING AND HEALTH

• their self esteem, self confidence and how they develop as individuals;

• their management of a range of feelings and emotions and the feelings and emotions of others;

• effective learning strategies;

• how to sustain their health, growth and well being and coping safely and efficiently with their environment.

MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE LOCAL AND WIDER COMMUNITY

• initiating, developing and sustaining mutually satisfying relationships;

• human rights and social responsibility;

• causes of conflict and appropriate responses;

• valuing and celebrating cultural difference and diversity;

• playing an active and meaningful part in the life of the community and being concerned about the wider environment.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The minimum content for Physical Education is set out below.

Athletics

Pupils should be enabled to

• participate in activities and physical challenges to learn, understand and continue to develop the core skills of running, jumping and throwing in a co-operative and competitive context using a variety of equipment;

• progress from simple running, jumping and throwing activities towards becoming involved in more difficult personal challenges and through them, improving performance;

• practise running over short and long distances;

• practise jumping for height and distance;

• practise throwing activities for accuracy and distance from a stationary position to a controlled run-up;

• record and analyse personal performance in a variety of ways.

Dance

Pupils should be enabled to:

• progress from using simple movements and gestures, towards developing these into a structured, sequenced and co-ordinated set of movements using variables such as space, direction and speed;

• develop their movements progressively individually; in pairs; in trios; small groups; and larger groups.

• develop more effective use of space levels, directions, speed and strength

• move with increased control, co-ordination and poise, using a variety of actions and gestures which communicate ideas and feelings;

• create, practise and perform movement sequences, using a variety of stimuli and to an audience;

• structure dances with clear beginnings, middles and ends;

• perform a selection of simple folk dances.

Games

Pupils should be enabled to:

• progress from developing individual skills and partner activities and games to suitable small-sided, adapted and mini-games through both co-operative and then competitive play;

• develop control in running, jumping, changing speed, stopping and starting, with and without small equipment;

• improve their skills of handling, hitting and kicking using a variety of equipment and progress from developing individual skills and partner activities and games to suitable small-sided adapted and mini games through both co-operative and then competitive play;

• develop an understanding of, and participate in, small-sided, adapted and mini games.

Gymnastics

Pupils should be enabled to:

• extend their body management skills and improve the variety and quality of movement;

• progress from working individually to working in pairs, trios, small groups and whole groups;

• explore, practise and refine a range of movement skills, including travelling, flight, rolling, balancing, transferring weight, including weight on hands, twisting, turning and stretching.

Swimming

Pupils should be enabled to:

• develop basic swimming and personal survival skills;

• understand the importance of personal hygiene in relation to pool use;

• progress from using a swimming aid to developing their confidence and competence in being able to swim without the use of any aids using recognised swimming strokes.

PART 5 — Key Stage 3