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The Disability Assistance for Working Age People (Scotland) Regulations 2022

Type Scottish-Statutory-Instrument

Publication 2022-02-09

Last updated 2025-11-06

State In force

Jurisdiction Scotland

Department King's Printer for Scotland

Source legislation.gov.uk

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Made: 9th February 2022

Coming into force: 21st March 2022

In accordance with section 97(2) of that Act, the Scottish Ministers have informed the Scottish Commission on Social Security of their proposals, notified the Scottish Parliament that they have done so and made their proposals publicly available by such means as they consider appropriate.

PART 1 — Introductory and interpretation

Citation and commencement

1

These Regulations may be cited as the Disability Assistance for Working Age People (Scotland) Regulations 2022 and come into force on 21 March 2022.

Interpretation

2

In these Regulations—

“the 2018 Act” means the Social Security (Scotland) Act 2018,

“Adult Disability Payment” means disability assistance for adults given in accordance with these Regulations,

“aid or appliance”—means any object or device which—the individual needs to be able to perform an activity, andimproves, provides or replaces the individual’s impaired physical or mental function,includes an object or device which a person without a disability might choose to use for the same function,in relation to managing toilet needs includes the use of incontinence pads, andincludes a prosthesis,

“armed forces independence payment” means the disability benefit paid in accordance with article 24A of the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011[^f00002],

“assessment” means an assessment as described in section 13(2) of the 2018 Act,

“Attendance Allowance” means an attendance allowance under—section 64 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, orsection 64 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992,

“authorised provider of vehicles” means a supplier of vehicles for persons with disabilities approved under an accreditation scheme run by the Scottish Ministers,

“award” means that a determination has been made that an individual is entitled to be given assistance under section 24 of the 2018 Act in accordance with these Regulations, and cognate expressions are to be construed accordingly,

“care home” means an establishment which provides a care home service as defined in paragraph 2 of schedule 12 of the Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010[^f00004] and includes a residential educational establishment,

“Child Disability Payment” means disability assistance for children and young people given in accordance with the Disability Assistance for Children and Young People (Scotland) Regulations 2021[^f00005],

“daily living component” means the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment within the meaning of regulation 5,

“descriptor” means a descriptor in column 2 of the tables in Parts 2 and 3 of schedule 1,

“determination” and “determination of entitlement” have the meaning of “determination of entitlement” in section 25 of the 2018 Act,

“Disability Living Allowance” means a disability living allowance under—section 71 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992[^f00006], orsection 71 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992[^f00007],

“immigration rules” means the rules laid before the United Kingdom Parliament under section 3(2) of the Immigration Act 1971[^f00009],

“legal detention” means detention in legal custody within the meaning of section 295 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995[^f00010],

“mobility component” means the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment within the meaning of regulation 6,

“needs” where used in relation to an aid or appliance, or supervision, prompting or assistance from another person, means that it is reasonably required, though it may not have been available or provided,

“Pension Age Disability Payment” means disability assistance for older people given in accordance with the Disability Assistance for Older People (Scotland) Regulations 2024,

“Personal Independence Payment”—means personal independence payment under—Part 4 of the Welfare Reform Act 2012[^f00011], orarticle 82 of the Welfare Reform (Northern Ireland) Order 2015[^f00012], andincludes a concessionary payment made in lieu of personal independence payment under arrangements by the Secretary of State with the consent of the Treasury,

“previous award” means an award of either or both components of Adult Disability Payment to which an individual has ceased to be entitled,

“qualifying services” means accommodation, board and personal care,

“relevant date” means the date referred to in regulation 13 or, where applicable, regulation 14 or 23,

“relevant EU Regulation” means—one of the following Regulations—Council Regulation (EC) No 1408/71 of 14 June 1971[^f00013] on the application of social security schemes to employed persons, to self-employed persons and to members of their families moving within the Community,Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29April 2004[^f00014] on the coordination of social security systems, or in relation to an individual to whom the agreement constituted by the exchange of letters set out in the schedule of— the Family Allowances, National Insurance and Industrial Injuries (Gibraltar) Order 1974, orthe Social Security (Gibraltar) Order 2024,applies, a Regulation mentioned in paragraph (a) of this definition as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of section 3 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.

“residential educational establishment” means a care home which provides education or training except for one where the costs of any qualifying services are borne wholly or partly out of public or local funds by virtue of—section 485 of the Education Act 1996[^f00017] or section 14 of the Education Act 2002[^f00018] (which relate to grants in aid of educational services),sections 49 or 73 of the Education (Scotland) Act 1980[^f00019] (which relate respectively to the power of education authorities to assist persons to take advantage of educational facilities and the powers of the Secretary of State to make grants to education authorities and others),section 65 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992[^f00020], sections 39 or 40 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017[^f00021] or sections 4 or 11 of the Further and Higher Education (Scotland) Act 2005[^f00022] (which relate respectively to the funding of further education and the administration of funds), orsection 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998[^f00023] (new arrangements for giving financial support to students),

“Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance” means disability assistance for adults given in accordance with the Disability Assistance (Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance) Regulations 2025,

“short-term assistance” means short-term assistance given in accordance with Part 1 of schedule 2 of these Regulations, and

“week” means a period of 7 days.

PART 2 — Disability Assistance for Working Age People

Overview

3

(1) An individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment in accordance with these Regulations if the individual meets the eligibility rules in—

(a) regulation 4 (entitlement to other benefits),

(b) regulations 15 to 21 (residence and presence conditions),

(d) one or more of the following—

(i) regulation 5 (daily living component),

(ii) regulation 6 (mobility component),

(iii) regulation 26 (entitlement under special rules for terminal illness).

(2) Adult Disability Payment is to consist of a daily living component and a mobility component.

(3) There are 2 weekly rates of the daily living component and 2 weekly rates of the mobility component and those rates are specified in regulation 34 (amount and form of Adult Disability Payment).

Entitlement to other benefits

4

An individual is not entitled to Adult Disability Payment while they are entitled to—

(a) armed forces independence payment,

(b) Attendance Allowance,

(ba) Pension Age Disability Payment,

(d) Disability Living Allowance, ...

(e) Personal Independence Payment , or

(f) Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance.

PART 3 — Eligibility: Daily Living Component and Mobility Component

Daily Living Component

5

(1) An individual may be awarded the daily living component at either the standard rate or the enhanced rate.

(2) An individual is entitled to the daily living component at the standard rate if—

(a) the individual’s ability to carry out daily living activities is limited by the individual’s physical or mental condition or conditions, and

(b) the individual meets the required period condition in accordance with regulation 11.

(3) An individual is entitled to the daily living component at the enhanced rate if—

(a) the individual’s ability to carry out daily living activities is severely limited by the individual’s physical or mental condition or conditions, and

(b) the individual meets the required period condition in accordance with regulation 11.

(4) For the purpose of these Regulations—

(a) “daily living activities” are the activities set out in column 1 of the table in Part 2 of schedule 1, and “a daily living activity” is to be construed accordingly,

(b) “the standard rate” in relation to the daily living component means the weekly rate of the daily living component set in regulation 34(1)(a),

(c) “the enhanced rate” in relation to the daily living component means the weekly rate of the daily living component set in regulation 34(1)(b),

(5) Whether a person has limited or severely limited ability to carry out daily living activities is to be determined in accordance with regulation 8 (scoring for daily living activities).

Mobility Component

6

(1) An individual may be awarded the mobility component at either the standard rate or the enhanced rate.

(2) An individual is entitled to the mobility component at the standard rate if—

(a) the individual’s ability to carry out mobility activities is limited by the individual’s physical or mental condition or conditions, and

(b) the individual meets the required period condition in accordance with regulation 12.

(3) A individual is entitled to the mobility component at the enhanced rate if—

(a) the individual’s ability to carry out mobility activities is severely limited by the individual’s physical or mental condition or conditions, and

(b) the individual meets the required period condition in accordance with regulation 12.

(4) For the purpose of these Regulations—

(a) “mobility activities” are the activities set out in column 1 of the table in Part 3 of schedule 1, and “a mobility activity” is to be construed accordingly,

(b) “the standard rate” in relation to the mobility component means the weekly rate of the mobility component set in regulation 34(2)(a),

(c) “the enhanced rate” in relation to the mobility component means the weekly rate of the mobility component set in regulation 34(2)(b),

(5) Whether a person has limited or severely limited ability to carry out mobility activities is to be determined in accordance with regulation 9 (scoring for mobility activities).

Determination of ability to carry out activities

7

(1) An individual’s ability to carry out a daily living activity or mobility activity is to be determined—

(a) on the basis of the individual’s ability whilst wearing or using any aid or appliance which the individual normally wears or uses, or

(b) as if the individual were wearing or using any aid or appliance which the individual could reasonably be expected to wear or use.

(2) An individual’s ability to carry out an activity is to be determined—

(a) by reference to the descriptors for the activity set out in column 2 of the table in Part 2 of schedule 1 or, as the case may be, column 2 of the table in Part 3 of schedule 1, and

(b) on the basis of which descriptor applies for the individual to be able to carry out the activity—

(i) safely,

(ii) to an acceptable standard,

(iii) repeatedly, and

(iv) within a reasonable time period.

(3) In this regulation—

(a) “safely” means in a manner unlikely to cause harm to the individual or to another person, either during or after completion of the activity, with consideration given to—

(i) the likelihood of harm, and

(ii) the severity of the consequences of that harm,

(b) “to an acceptable standard” means to a reasonable standard for the activity, taking account of the impact on the individual of carrying out the activity to that standard,

(d) “reasonable time period” means no more than twice as long as the maximum period that an individual without a physical or mental condition or conditions which limits that individual’s ability to carry out the activity in question would normally take to complete that activity.

Scoring for daily living activities

8

(1) The score an individual obtains in relation to daily living activities is determined by adding together the number of points (if any) awarded for each activity listed in column 1 of the table in Part 2 of schedule 1.

(2) For the purpose of paragraph (1), the number of points awarded to an individual for each activity listed in column 1 of the table is the number shown in column 3 of the table against whichever of the descriptors set out in column 2 of the table for the activity applies to the individual by virtue of regulation 10.

(3) For the purposes of regulation 5, an individual has—

(a) limited ability to carry out daily living activities where the individual obtains a score of at least 8 points and no more than 11 points in relation to daily living activities,

(b) severely limited ability to carry out daily living activities where the individual obtains a score of at least 12 points in relation to daily living activities.

Scoring for mobility activities

9

(1) The score an individual obtains in relation to mobility activities is determined by adding together the number of points (if any) awarded for each activity listed in column 1 of the table in Part 3 of schedule 1.

(2) For the purpose of paragraph (1), the number of points awarded to an individual for each activity listed in column 1 of the table is the number shown in column 3 of the table against whichever of the descriptors set out in column 2 of the table for the activity applies to the individual by virtue of regulation 10.

(3) For the purposes of regulation 6, an individual has—

(a) limited ability to carry out mobility activities where the individual obtains a score of at least 8 points and no more than 11 points in relation to mobility activities,

(b) severely limited ability to carry out mobility activities where the individual obtains a score of at least 12 points in relation to mobility activities.

Scoring: further provision

10

(1) The descriptor which applies to an individual in relation to each activity in the tables referred to in regulations 8(2) and 9(2) is—

(a) where one descriptor is satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period, that descriptor,

(b) where two or more descriptors are each satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period, the descriptor which scores the higher or highest number of points, and

(c) where no descriptor is satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period but two or more descriptors (other than a descriptor which scores 0 points) are satisfied for periods which, when added together, amount to over 50% of the days of the required period—

(i) the descriptor which is satisfied for the greater or greatest proportion of days of the required period, or

(ii) where both or all descriptors are satisfied for the same proportion, the descriptor which scores the higher or highest number of points.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), a descriptor is satisfied on a day in the required period if the descriptor has been satisfied for any part of the day which is not minimal or fleeting.

(3) In these Regulations, “required period” means—

(a) where an individual’s entitlement to Adult Disability Payment falls to be determined, the period of 13 weeks ending with the relevant date together with—

(i) in relation to an application after an interval (see regulations 14 and 23), the period of 39 weeks beginning with the date on which that application is made,

(ii) in relation to any other application, the period of 39 weeks beginning with the day after the relevant date.

(b) where Adult Disability Payment has been awarded to an individual—

(i) during the period of 13 weeks following a determination of entitlement in the circumstances where regulation 14 or 23 applies, the period of 13 weeks ending with the relevant date together with, for each day of the award, the period of 39 weeks beginning with the day after each day of the award,

(ii) in any other case, for each day of the award, the period of 13 weeks ending with that day of the award together with the period of 39 weeks beginning with the day after that date.

PART 4 — Required Period Condition

Required Period Condition: daily living component

11

An individual meets the required period condition for the purposes of regulation 5 where, if the individual’s ability to carry out the daily living activities were determined every day in the required period, it is likely that the Scottish Ministers would determine on all of those days that the individual had limited or, as the case may be, severely limited ability to carry out the daily living activities.

Required Period Condition: mobility component

12

An individual meets the required period condition for the purposes of regulation 6 where, if the individual’s ability to carry out the mobility activities were determined every day in the required period, it is likely that the Scottish Ministers would determine on all of those days that the individual had limited or, as the case may be, severely limited ability to carry out the mobility activities.

The relevant date

13

Except where regulation 14 or 23 applies, in these Regulations, the “relevant date” is—

(a) where the individual has made an application for Adult Disability Payment which has not been determined—

(i) the date of that application, or

(ii) if later, the earliest date in relation to which, if the individual’s ability to carry out daily living activities or, as the case may be, mobility activities, had been determined on every day in the previous 13 weeks, it is likely that the Scottish Ministers would have determined on all of those days that the individual has limited ability or, as the case may be, severely limited ability to carry out those activities, and

(b) where the individual has an award of either or both components, each day of that award.

The relevant date: Adult Disability Payment after an interval

14

(1) This regulation does not apply where regulation 23 (Adult Disability Payment after an interval and after reaching the relevant age) applies.

(2) Paragraphs (3) and (4) apply where—

(a) an individual makes an application for Adult Disability Payment (“the application”),

(b) that individual had a previous award of—

(i) Adult Disability Payment,

(ii) Child Disability Payment,

(iii) Disability Living Allowance, ...

(iv) Personal Independence Payment, or

(v) Scottish adult disability living allowance,

which ended not more than two years before the date on which the application is made,

(c) the previous award referred to in sub-paragraph (b) consisted of the same component as the one to which the individual is entitled (or would be entitled if the individual met the required period condition) under the application, and

(d) the Scottish Ministers determine that the entitlement under the application results from—

(i) substantially the same physical or mental condition or conditions for which the previous award was made, or

(ii) a new physical or mental condition or conditions which developed as a result of a condition for which the previous award was made.

(3) In relation to determination of entitlement under the application, the relevant date for the purpose of regulation 10(3) is the date on which the previous award ended.

(4) Where an individual is awarded either or both components under the application, in relation to continued entitlement to that component or, as the case may be, those components, the relevant date for the purpose of regulation 10(3) is—

(a) during the period of 13 weeks following the date of the application, the date on which the previous award ended,

(b) in any other case, each day of the award.

(5) For the purposes of this regulation—

(a) an award of any of the following is to be treated as though it were an award of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment—

(i) the care component of Child Disability Payment,

(ii) the care component of Disability Living Allowance, or

(iii) the daily living component of Personal Independence Payment,

(b) an award of any of the following is to be treated as though it were an award of the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment—

(i) the mobility component of Child Disability Payment,

(ii) the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance, or

(iii) the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment.

PART 5 — Residence and Presence Conditions

Residence and presence conditions

15

(1) An individual satisfies the residence and presence conditions where on any day that individual—

(a) is ordinarily resident in Scotland,

(b) is habitually resident in the common travel area,

(c) is not a person subject to immigration control within the meaning of section 115(9) of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999[^f00024],

(d) is present in the common travel area, and

(e) has been present in the common travel area for a period of, or for periods amounting in the aggregate to, not less than 26 weeks out of the 52 weeks immediately preceding that day.

(2) In this Part, “common travel area” has the meaning given in section 1(3) of the Immigration Act 1971[^f00025].

(3) The residence condition set out in paragraph (1)(a) does not apply in relation to the daily living component where on any day the individual—

(a) is habitually resident in Ireland,

(b) has a genuine and sufficient link to Scotland, and

(i) to whom the Convention on Social Security between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Ireland signed at Dublin on 1 February 2019[^f00026], as modified from time to time in accordance with any provision of it, applies, and

(ii) in respect of whom the United Kingdom is, as a result, competent for payment of long term care benefits.

(4) The reference in paragraph (3)(b) to an individual’s link to Scotland being sufficient is to it being sufficiently close that if the individual were not entitled to Adult Disability Payment, paragraph (3) would be incompatible with the Convention on Social Security between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Ireland signed at Dublin on 1 February 2019.

(5) Paragraph (1)(c) does not apply to a person subject to immigration control within the meaning of section 115(9) of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 where the person—

(a) is lawfully working in United Kingdom and is a national of a state with which the United Kingdom has concluded an agreement which replaces in whole or in part an agreement under Article 217 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union[^f00027] which has ceased to apply to, and in, the United Kingdom, providing, in the field of social security, for the equal treatment of workers who are nationals of the signatory state and their families,

(b) is a member of the family of, and living with, a person specified in sub-paragraph (a), or

(c) has been given leave to enter, or remain in, the United Kingdom by the Secretary of State upon an undertaking by another person or persons pursuant to the immigration rules, to be responsible for their maintenance and accommodation.

(6) The past presence condition in paragraph (1)(e) does not apply where an individual has a terminal illness within the meaning of regulation 26.

(7) The residence and presence conditions set out in paragraphs (1)(b) and (1)(e) do not apply where an individual is a person who—

(a) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted under the immigration rules by virtue of—

(i) the Afghan Relocations and Assistance Policy, or

(ii) the previous scheme for locally-employed staff in Afghanistan (sometimes referred to as the ex-gratia scheme),

(b) has been granted discretionary leave outside the immigration rules as a dependant of a person referred to in sub-paragraph (a), ...

(d) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted under or outside the immigration rules, has a right of abode in the United Kingdom within the meaning given in section 2 of the Immigration Act 1971 [^f00024] or does not require leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom in accordance with section 3ZA of that Act, where the individual—

(i) was residing in Ukraine immediately before 1 January 2022, and

(ii) left Ukraine in connection with the Russian invasion which took place on 24February 2022 , ...

(e) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted under or outside the immigration rules, has a right of abode in the United Kingdom within the meaning given in section 2 of the Immigration Act 1971 or does not require leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom in accordance with section 3ZA of that Act, where the individual—

(i) was residing in Sudan before 15 April 2023, and

(ii) left Sudan in connection with the violence which rapidly escalated on 15 April 2023 in Khartoum and across Sudan , ...

(f) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted under or outside the immigration rules, has a right of abode in the United Kingdom within the meaning given in section 2 of the Immigration Act 1971 or does not require leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom in accordance with section 3ZA of that Act, where the individual—

(i) was residing in Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem, the Golan Heights or Lebanon immediately before 7 October 2023, and

(ii) left Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem, the Golan Heights or Lebanon in connection with the Hamas terrorist attack in Israel on 7 October 2023 or the violence which rapidly escalated in the region following the attack ,

(g) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted under or outside the immigration rules, has a right of abode in the United Kingdom within the meaning given in section 2 of the Immigration Act 1971 or does not require leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom in accordance with section 3ZA of that Act, where the individual—

(i) was residing in Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territories (the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza) or the occupied Golan Heights immediately before 13 June 2025,

(ii) left Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territories or the occupied Golan Heights in connection with the escalation of violence between Israel and Iran that began on that date, and

(iii) arrived in the United Kingdom on or before 13 December 2025, or

(h) has been granted, or is deemed to have been granted, leave outside the immigration rules.

(8) For the purposes of paragraph (7), “the Afghan Citizens Resettlement Scheme” means the scheme announced by the United Kingdom Government on 18 August 2021[^f00028].

Temporary absence from the common travel area

16

(1) Where an individual is temporarily absent from the common travel area, the individual is to be treated as present in the common travel area for—

(a) the first 13 weeks of that absence for any reason, or

(b) the first 26 weeks of that absence where—

(i) after the first 13 weeks, the absence is in connection with arrangements made for the medical treatment of the individual for a disease or bodily or mental disablement which commenced before leaving the common travel area, and

(ii) the arrangements relate to medical treatment—

(aa) outside the common travel area,

(bb) during the period when the individual is temporarily absent from the common travel area, and

(cc) by, or under the supervision of, a person appropriately qualified to carry out that treatment.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1)—

(a) an individual is “temporarily absent” if, at the beginning of the period of absence, that absence is unlikely to exceed 52 weeks, and

(b) “medical treatment” means medical, surgical, psychological or rehabilitative treatment (including any course or diet regimen).

Serving members of Her Majesty’s forces, civil servants and their family members

17

(1) A relevant individual is treated as meeting the residence and presence conditions set out in regulations 15(1)(a), (b) and (d) where on any day that individual is outside the common travel area—

(a) by reason of their capacity mentioned in paragraph (3)(a) provided that the individual satisfied the residence and presence conditions set out in regulation 15(1)(a), (b) and (d) immediately prior to the start of their employment mentioned in paragraph (3)(a), or

(b) by reason of being a person mentioned in paragraph (3)(b) living with an individual to whom paragraph (3)(a) applies.

(2) The past presence condition set out in regulation 15(1)(e) does not apply to a relevant individual.

(3) A “relevant individual” in paragraph (1) and (2) means an individual who is—

(a) outside of the common travel area in their capacity as a—

(i) serving member of Her Majesty’s forces, or

(ii) civil servant, or

(b) living with a person mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) and—

(i) is the child, step-child or child in care of that person,

(ii) is the parent, step-parent or parent-in-law of that person, or

(iii) is married to or in a civil partnership with that person, or is living together with that person as if they were married or in a civil partnership.

(4) In this regulation—

“child in care” means—under the law of Scotland, a child in respect of whom a relevant individual listed in paragraph (3)(a)—is a foster carer within the meaning of regulation 2 of the Looked After Children (Scotland) Regulations 2009[^f00029],is a kinship carer within the meaning of regulation 2 of the Looked After Children (Scotland) Regulations 2009,has a kinship care order within the meaning of section 72 of the Children and Young People (Scotland) Act 2014[^f00030], orunder the law of England and Wales and Northern Ireland, a child in respect of whom a person listed in paragraph (3)(a) has a relationship equivalent to those listed under the law of Scotland,

“civil servant” has the meaning given by section 1(4) of the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010[^f00031],

“serving member of Her Majesty’s forces” means a member of a regular force or a reserve force (“M”) as defined, in each case, by section 374 (definitions applying for purposes of the whole Act) of the Armed Forces Act 2006[^f00032], unless—M is under the age of 16,M is committing an offence under section 8 of the Armed Forces Act 2006 (desertion),the force concerned is one of Her Majesty’s naval forces which M locally entered at an overseas base without—previously being an insured person under the National Insurance Act 1965[^f00033], orpaying or having previously paid one or more of the following classes of contributions under the Social Security Act 1975[^f00034] or the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992[^f00035]—primary Class 1,Class 2, orClass 3, orthe force concerned is one of Her Majesty’s military forces or Her Majesty’s air forces which M entered, or was recruited for, outside the United Kingdom and—where that force is one of Her Majesty’s military forces, the depot for M’s unit is outside the United Kingdom, orwhere that force is one of Her Majesty’s air forces, M is liable under the terms of M’s engagement to serve only in a specified area outside the United Kingdom.

Aircraft workers, mariners and continental shelf operations

18

(1) An individual is to be treated as meeting the presence conditions set out in regulation 15(1)(d) and (e) for any period where that individual is—

(a) outside the common travel area in their capacity as an aircraft worker or a mariner, or

(b) in employment prescribed for the purposes of section 120 (employment at sea (continental shelf operations)) of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992[^f00036] in connection with continental shelf operations.

(2) In this regulation—

“aircraft worker” means a person who is, or has been, employed under a contract of service either as a pilot, commander, navigator or other member of the crew of any aircraft, or in any other capacity on board any aircraft where—the employment in that other capacity is for the purposes of the aircraft or its crew or of any passengers or cargo or mail carried on that aircraft, andthe contract is entered into in the United Kingdom with a view to its performance (in whole or in part) while the aircraft is in flight,

but does not include a person so far as that employment is as a serving member of Her Majesty’s forces, and

“mariner” means a person who is, or has been, in employment under a contract of service either as a master or member of the crew of any ship or vessel, or in any other capacity on board any ship or vessel where—the employment in that other capacity is for the purposes of that ship or vessel or its crew or any passengers or cargo or mail carried by the ship or vessel, andthe contract is entered into in the United Kingdom with a view to its performance (in whole or in part) while the ship or vessel is on voyage,

but does not include a person in so far as that employment is as a serving member of Her Majesty’s forces.

Persons residing in the United Kingdom to whom a relevant EU regulation applies

19

The past presence condition set out in regulation 15(1)(e) does not apply where on any day the individual is—

(a) ordinarily resident in Scotland,

(b) habitually resident in the United Kingdom,

(i) to whom the rules set out in a relevant EU regulation apply by virtue of—

(aa) Title III of Part 2 of the EU withdrawal agreement,

(bb) Part 3 or Article 23(4) of the Swiss citizens’ rights agreement (as defined in section 39(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (“the 2020 Act”)[^f00037],

(cc) Title III of the EEA EFTA separation agreement (as defined in section 39(1) of the 2020 Act), ...

(dd) the agreement constituted by the exchange of letters set out in the schedule of the Family Allowances, National Insurance and Industrial Injuries (Gibraltar) Order 1974[^f00038], or

(ee) the agreement constituted by the exchange of letters set out in the schedule of the Social Security (Gibraltar) Order 2024, and

(ii) in respect of whom the United Kingdom is, as a result, competent for payment of sickness benefits in cash.

Persons residing outside the United Kingdom to whom a relevant EU regulation applies

20

(1) The residence and presence conditions set out in regulation 15(1) do not apply in relation to the daily living component where on any day the individual satisfies the conditions in paragraph (2).

(2) The conditions referred to in paragraph (1) are that the individual must—

(a) be an individual—

(i) to whom the rules set out in a relevant EU regulation apply by virtue of—

(aa) Title III of Part 2 of the EU withdrawal agreement,

(bb) Part 3 or Article 23(4) of the Swiss citizens’ rights agreement (as defined in section 39(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (“the 2020 Act”)),

(cc) Title III of the EEA EFTA separation agreement (as defined in section 39(1) of the 2020 Act), ...

(dd) the agreement constituted by the exchange of letters set out in the schedule of the Family Allowances, National Insurance and Industrial Injuries (Gibraltar) Order 1974, or

(ee) the agreement constituted by the exchange of letters set out in the schedule of the Social Security (Gibraltar) Order 2024, and

(ii) in respect of whom the United Kingdom is, as a result, competent for payment of sickness benefits in cash,

(b) be habitually resident in—

(i) Switzerland,

(ii) an EEA state, or

(iii) Gibraltar, and

(3) The reference in paragraph (2)(c) to an individual’s link to Scotland being sufficient is to it being sufficiently close that if the individual were not entitled to Adult Disability Payment, paragraph (2) would be incompatible with the applicable agreement mentioned in sub-paragraph (a)(i) of that paragraph.

(4) In this regulation, “EEA State” means—

(a) any member state of the European Union, or

(b) any other state that is party to the agreement on the European Economic Area signed at Oporto on 2 May 1992[^f00039], together with the Protocol adjusting that Agreement signed at Brussels on 17 March 1993[^f00040], as modified or supplemented from time to time.

Refugees

21

The residence and presence conditions set out in regulations 15(1)(b) and (e) do not apply where an individual has—

(a) been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection under the immigration rules, or

(b) leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom as the dependant of a person granted refugee status or humanitarian protection under the immigration rules.

PART 6 — Entitlement under rules relating to age

Age Criteria

22

(1) Adult Disability Payment may be paid in respect of an individual who—

(a) is at least 16 years of age, and

(b) has not reached the relevant age.

(2) In this Part, “the relevant age” means—

(a) pensionable age (within the meaning given by the rules in paragraph 1 of schedule 4 to the Pensions Act 1995[^f00041]), or

(b) if higher, 65.

(3) Where an individual was born on 29 February, their birthday is to be taken to fall on 28February in a year which is not a leap year.

(4) Paragraph (1)(b) is subject to the exceptions provided in regulations 23 and 24.

Exceptions: Adult Disability Payment after an interval and after reaching the relevant age

23

(1) This regulation applies where—

(a) an individual has reached the relevant age,

(b) the individual makes an application for Adult Disability Payment and—

(i) they had a previous award of Adult Disability Payment which ended not more than one year before the day the new application is made, or

(ii) they had a previous award of Personal Independence Payment or Disability Living Allowance or Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance which ended not more than one year before the day the new application is made,

(c) the previous award referred to in sub-paragraph (b) consisted of the same component as the one to which the individual is entitled (or would be entitled if they met the required period condition) under the new application, and

(d) the Scottish Ministers determine that the entitlement under the new application results from—

(i) substantially the same physical or mental condition or conditions for which the previous award was made, or

(ii) a new physical or mental condition or conditions which developed as a result of a condition for which the previous award was made.

(2) Where an application for Adult Disability Payment is made in terms of paragraph (1)—

(a) regulation 22(1)(b) does not apply, and

(b) paragraphs (5) and (6) apply to the determination of entitlement under the new application.

(3) In relation to determination of entitlement under the new application, the relevant date for the purpose of regulation 10(3) is the date on which the previous award ended.

(4) Where an individual is awarded either or both components under the new application, in relation to continued entitlement to that component or, as the case may be, those components, the relevant date for the purpose of regulation 10(3) is—

(a) during the period of 13 weeks following the date of the new application, the date on which the previous award ended,

(b) in any other case, each day of the award.

(5) Where the Scottish Ministers determine that the individual has severely limited ability to carry out mobility activities—

(a) the individual is entitled to the enhanced rate of the mobility component only if they were entitled to that rate of that component under the previous award, and

(b) where the individual is not entitled to the enhanced rate of that component because of sub-paragraph (a), they are entitled to the standard rate of that component provided that they were entitled to that rate of that component under the previous award.

(6) Where the Scottish Ministers determine that the individual has limited ability to carry out mobility activities, the individual is entitled to the standard rate of the mobility component only if they were entitled to that component, at either rate, under the previous award.

(7) For the purposes of this regulation—

(a) an award of either of the following is to be treated as though it were an award of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment—

(i) the care component of Disability Living Allowance, ...

(ii) the daily living component of Personal Independence Payment, or

(iii) the care component of Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance, and

(b) an award of either of the following is to be treated as though it were an award of the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment—

(i) the mobility component of Daily Living Allowance, or

(ii) the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment.

Persons who have reached the relevant age: other exceptions

24

Regulation 22(1)(b) does not apply where the individual has reached the relevant age, including for the purposes of any determination of their entitlement to Adult Disability Payment made after they have reached the relevant age, if they—

(a) were entitled to an award of either or both components of Adult Disability Payment on the day preceding the day on which they reached the relevant age,

(b) made an application for Adult Disability Payment before reaching the relevant age and that application was not determined before they reached that age, but an award of either or both components would be made in respect of the individual but for regulation 22(1)(b), ...

(d) are a transferring individual in terms of the Disability Assistance for Working Age People (Transitional Provisions and Miscellaneous Amendment) (Scotland) Regulations 2022 , ...

(e) are an individual to whom Part 3A of schedule 2 applies, or

(f) is an individual to whom regulation 52 or 52A applies.

Determination of an award after the person has reached the relevant age

25

(1) This regulation applies where—

(a) the individual—

(i) has reached the relevant age, and

(ii) is entitled to an award (“the original award”) ... of Adult Disability Payment, pursuant to an exception in regulation 23 or 24, and

(b) the Scottish Ministers are under a duty to make a subsequent determination of their entitlement by way of a determination without an application under regulation 48(a).

(2) The restrictions in paragraph (3) apply in relation to a determination referred to in paragraph (1)(b) where—

(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) the determination is being made under regulation 48(a) in relation to—

(i) a change of circumstances which occurred after the person reached the relevant age, or

(ii) a material fact which the Scottish Ministers were not previously aware of, or medical evidence received from a healthcare professional or other person approved by the Scottish Ministers, where the Scottish Ministers become aware of the material fact or medical evidence after the individual reached the relevant age.

(3) The restrictions referred to in paragraph (2) are—

(a) where the original mobility component award is for the standard rate then, regardless of whether the award would otherwise have been for the enhanced rate, the Scottish Ministers—

(i) may only make an award for the standard rate of that component, and

(ii) may only make such an award where entitlement results from substantially the same condition or conditions in respect of which the mobility component in the original award was given,

(b) where the original mobility component award is for the enhanced rate, the Scottish Ministers may only award that rate of that component where entitlement results from substantially the same condition or conditions in respect of which the mobility component in the original award was given.

(c) where the original award did not include an award of the mobility component, the Scottish Ministers may not award that component at either the standard or enhanced rate.

(4) Where the original award does not include an award of the mobility component but the individual had—

(a) a previous award of—

(i) the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment,

(ii) the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment, ...

(iii) the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance, or

(iv) the mobility component of Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance, and

(b) the previous award of the component under sub-paragraph (a) ceased no more than 1 year prior to the date on which the determination referred to in paragraph (1)(b) takes or would take effect,

for the purpose of this regulation, entitlement under that previous award is to be treated as if it were under the original award.

(5) Paragraph (2)(b)(ii) does not include medical evidence in the form of a clinical judgement which was made in accordance with regulation 26(7) and (8) before the individual reached the relevant age.

(6) In this regulation, “healthcare professional” means a—

(a) registered medical practitioner,

(b) registered nurse, or

PART 7 — Entitlement under special rules for terminal illness

Entitlement under special rules for terminal illness

26

(1) An individual who has a terminal illness is to be treated as satisfying the conditions for the enhanced rate of both the daily living component and the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment.

(2) Paragraph (1) applies regardless of the period of time for which the individual has had the terminal illness.

(3) An individual to whom this regulation applies is to be treated as though—

(a) they have obtained the maximum points for each activity listed in column 1 of the tables in Part 2 and Part 3 of schedule 1, and

(b) they have satisfied regulations 5(3) and 6(3).

(4) Subject to paragraphs (5) and (6), the individual’s entitlement to the rates referred to in paragraph (1) begins on the date on which—

(a) the individual’s application for Adult Disability Payment was made, where the application included information about the individual’s terminal illness,

(b) the Scottish Ministers became aware of the individual’s terminal illness (whether as a result of the individual notifying a change in circumstances or otherwise), where the individual was previously awarded, and has an ongoing entitlement to, Adult Disability Payment, on the basis of a determination that the individual was entitled to the daily living component or the mobility component or both in relation to a condition other than terminal illness, or

whichever is the earlier.

(5) Where the judgement mentioned in paragraph (4)(c) is dated not more than 26 weeks earlier than whichever date in paragraph (4)(a) or (b) applies (“the applicable date”), the Scottish Ministers have the power, when making their determination, to specify that an individual’s entitlement begins—

(a) up to a maximum of 26 weeks prior to the applicable date, and

(b) on or after the day these Regulations come into force.

(6) Where the judgement mentioned in paragraph (4)(c)—

(a) is dated more than 26 weeks earlier than whichever date in paragraph (4)(a) or (b) applies (“the applicable date”), and

(b) an appropriate healthcare professional confirms that the judgement is still accurate by making a judgement in accordance with paragraphs (7) and (8),

an individual’s entitlement can only begin—

(d) on or after the day these Regulations come into force.

(7) For the purposes of these Regulations an individual is to be regarded as having a terminal illness for the purpose of determining entitlement to Adult Disability Payment if it is the clinical judgement of an appropriate healthcare professional that the individual has a progressive disease that can reasonably be expected to cause the individual’s death.

(8) Subject to paragraph (9), an appropriate healthcare professional exercising the judgement described in paragraph (7) must have regard to the guidance prepared and made publically available by the Chief Medical Officer of the Scottish Administration in accordance with paragraph 1(3) of schedule 5 of the 2018 Act[^f00042].

(9) Where regulation 20 (persons residing outside the United Kingdom to whom a relevant EU regulation applies) applies to the individual, an appropriate healthcare professional mentioned in paragraph 10(b) need not have regard to the guidance mentioned in paragraph (8) where it would not be reasonable in the circumstances to insist on the judgement being formed with regard to that guidance.

(10) In this regulation, “an appropriate healthcare professional” means—

(a) a registered medical practitioner or a registered nurse who is—

(i) involved in the diagnosis or care of the individual, and

(ii) acting in their professional capacity, or

(b) where regulation 20 applies to the individual, a person who—

(i) has equivalent qualifications to a registered medical practitioner or a registered nurse in an EEA state, Gibraltar or Switzerland,

(ii) is a member of the professional body equivalent to the General Medical Council or Nursing and Midwifery Council in that EEA state, Gibraltar or Switzerland, and

(iii) meets the requirements of sub-paragraph (a)(i) and (ii).

(11) Where an individual has previously received Adult Disability Payment or a benefit listed in paragraph 12(a) for a period and a determination is subsequently made that the individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment at a higher rate for that period by virtue of this regulation, that individual will be entitled to the difference between the value of entitlement to Adult Disability Payment under the subsequent determination and the value of Adult Disability Payment or the benefit listed in paragraph 12(a) to which that individual was previously entitled for that period.

(12) For the purpose of paragraph 11—

(a) the benefits are—

(i) armed forces independence payment,

(ii) Attendance Allowance,

(iia) Pension Age Disability Payment,

(iii) Child Disability Payment,

(iv) Disability Living Allowance, ...

(v) Personal Independence Payment, or

(vi) Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance, and

(b) regulation 4 (entitlement to other benefits) is treated as omitted.

PART 8 — Effect of time spent in care homes, hospital and legal detention

Effect of admission to a care home on ongoing entitlement to daily living component

27

(1) This regulation applies where an individual who has an ongoing entitlement to the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment becomes a resident of a care home.

(2) Subject to paragraphs (4) and (5) and regulation 29, on the day after the day on which the individual has been resident in a care home for 28 days, and for so long as the individual continues to reside in such a home, the value of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be £0 instead of the values set out in regulation 34 (amount and form of Adult Disability Payment).

(3) The 28 days referred to in paragraph (2) may comprise two or more separate periods, provided that there is no more than 28 days between each period.

(4) Paragraph (2) does not apply to a resident in a care home, where the full costs of any qualifying services are met—

(a) entirely out of the resources of the individual for whom the qualifying services are provided,

(b) partly out of the resources of the individual for whom the qualifying services are provided and partly out of the resources of another person (other than a local authority) or assistance from a charity, or

(5) For the purposes of this regulation, an individual is not resident in a care home during any period when the individual is being looked after by a local authority and—

(a) has been placed temporarily in a private dwelling with a family, relative or some other suitable person while aged between 16 and 18 and receiving services under Part II of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995[^f00043] by virtue of being a child in need within the meaning of section 93(4)(a)(ii) (impairment of health), or 93(4)(a)(iii) (disability) of that Act, or

(b) is accommodated in a care home outside the United Kingdom, where the costs of any qualifying services are met wholly or partly by a local authority exercising its powers under section 25 of the Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 (attendance at establishments outwith the United Kingdom)[^f00044].

(6) For the purposes of this regulation and regulation 32 (entitlement beginning while in alternative accommodation), reference to an individual being “looked after by a local authority” is to be construed, as the case may be, in accordance with—

(a) section 17(6) of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995[^f00045],

(b) section 105(4) of the Children Act 1989[^f00046], or

Effect of admission to hospital on ongoing entitlement to Adult Disability Payment

28

(1) This regulation applies where an individual who is aged 18 years or older and has an ongoing entitlement to either component of Adult Disability Payment—

(a) is undergoing medical or other treatment as an in-patient at a hospital or similar institution, and

(b) any of the costs of the treatment, accommodation and any related services provided for them are borne out of public funds.

(2) Subject to regulation 29, on the day after the day on which the individual has been an in-patient in a hospital or similar institution for 28 days, and for so long as the individual continues to be an in-patient in such an institution, the value of each component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is £0 instead of the values set out in regulation 34 (amount and form of Adult Disability Payment).

(3) The 28 days referred to in paragraph (2) may comprise two or more separate periods, provided that there is no more than 28 days between each period.

(4) For the purposes of paragraph (1), the costs of treatment, accommodation or any related services are borne out of public funds if the individual is undergoing medical or other treatment as an in-patient in—

(a) a hospital or similar institution under—

(i) the National Health Service Act 2006[^f00048],

(ii) the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006[^f00049], ...

(iii) the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978[^f00050], or

(iv) a hospital or similar institution under the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1972 or the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1991,

(b) a hospital or similar institution maintained or administered by the Defence Council[^f00051].

(5) This regulation does not apply where an individual was under the age of 18 on the day on which they began their current period undergoing medical or other treatment as an in-patient at a hospital or similar institution.

Exception: Hospices

29

(1) Regulations 27(2) and 28(2) do not apply where the individual is residing in a hospice and has a terminal illness.

(2) In this regulation, “hospice” means a hospital or other institution whose primary function is to provide palliative care for persons resident there who are suffering from a progressive disease in its final stages, other than—

(a) a health service hospital (within the meaning of section 108(1) of the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978[^f00052]) in Scotland,

(b) a health service hospital (within the meaning of section 275(1) of the National Health Service Act 2006[^f00053]) in England,

(i) an NHS trust,

(ii) a Local Health Board, or

(iii) the Welsh Ministers,

for the purpose of functions under the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006[^f00054],

(ca) a hospital or similar institution under the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1972 or the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1991,

(d) a hospital maintained or administered by the Defence Council, or

(e) an institution similar to a hospital mentioned in any of the preceding sub-paragraphs.

(3) In this regulation—

“NHS trust” means a body established under section 18 of the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006, and

“Local Health Board” means a body established under section 11 of that Act.

Effect of legal detention on ongoing entitlement to Adult Disability Payment

30

(1) This regulation applies where an individual who has an ongoing entitlement to Adult Disability Payment begins a period of legal detention.

(2) For the purposes of this regulation, an individual is to be treated as though they are not in legal detention on any day on which they are an in-patient in a hospital or in a hospice.

(3) On the day after the day on which the individual has been in legal detention for 28 days, and for so long as the individual continues to be in legal detention, instead of the values set out in regulation 34 (amount and form of Adult Disability Payment)—

(a) where the individual is aged 18 or over, the value of each component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be £0, or

(b) where the individual is aged 16 or 17, the value of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be £0.

(4) The 28 days referred to in paragraph (3) may comprise two or more separate periods, provided there is no more than one year between each period.

(5) Paragraph (3) of this regulation does not apply to an individual where—

(a) the individual is undergoing legal detention outside the United Kingdom, and

(b) in similar circumstances in Scotland, the individual would have been excepted from the application of that paragraph by virtue of the operation of any provision of this regulation.

Calculation of periods of time spent in a care home, hospital or legal detention

31

(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) to (6), a period during which an individual is—

(a) resident in a care home for the purpose of regulation 27,

(b) an in-patient in hospital or similar institution for the purpose of regulation 28,

(d) resident in a care home, an in-patient in a hospital or similar institution, or in legal detention for the purposes of regulation 32,

is to be determined in accordance with this regulation.

(2) Such a period is to be taken to—

(a) begin on the day after the day on which the individual enters the place, and

(b) end on the day before the day on which the individual leaves the place.

(3) Where an individual takes a period of leave from a place mentioned in paragraph (1), the days on which the individual begins and returns from leave are not to be counted as days of residence in that place.

(4) Days constituting a period of leave are not to be counted as days of residence in a place.

(5) Where an individual enters a place (“the second place”) under paragraph (1) as a result of transfer from another place (“the first place”) under that paragraph—

(a) the day of transfer is to be counted as a day of residence in the second place, and

(b) for the purposes of calculating when the individual has been in the second place for 28 days for the purposes of regulations 27(2), 28(2) and 30(3)—

(i) the days that they were resident in the first place are to be treated as days of residence in the second place,

(ii) if they were resident in the first place for more than 28 days, the individual is to be treated as though they have been resident in the second place for 28 days on the day before the day of transfer, and

(c) the period of residence in the first place is deemed to end on the day on which the period of residence in the second place ends.

(6) For the purposes of this regulation, ‘days of residence’ means—

(a) days resident in a care home in terms of regulation 27 or 32,

(b) days as an in-patient in hospital or similar institution in terms of regulation 28 or 32, and

Entitlement beginning while in alternative accommodation

32

(1) This regulation applies where an individual is resident in a care home, an in-patient in a hospital or similar institution, or in legal detention on the day on which their entitlement to Adult Disability Payment begins.

(2) On and after that day, and for so long as the individual continues to reside in a place mentioned in paragraph (1), instead of the values set out in regulation 34 (amount and form of Adult Disability Payment), the individual is to be given the value of £0—

(a) where the individual is resident in a care home, in respect of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment,

(b) where the individual is—

(i) aged 18 or over,

(ii) undergoing medical or other treatment as an in-patient in a hospital or similar institution, and

(iii) any of the costs of the treatment, accommodation and any related services provided for them are borne out of public funds within the meaning of regulation 28(4),

in respect of each component of Adult Disability Payment, or

(i) aged 18 or over, in respect of either component of Adult Disability Payment,

(ii) aged 16 or 17, in respect of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment.

(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) do not apply where the individual is a resident in a care home, and the full costs of any qualifying services are met—

(a) entirely out of the resources of the individual for whom the qualifying services are provided,

(b) partly out of the resources of the individual for whom the qualifying services are provided and partly out of the resources of another person (other than a local authority) or assistance from a charity, or

(4) For the purposes of this regulation, an individual is not resident in a care home during any period when the individual is being looked after by a local authority and—

(a) has been placed temporarily in a private dwelling with a family, relative or some other suitable person while aged between 16 and 18 and receiving services under Part II of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995[^f00055] by virtue of being a child in need within the meaning of section 93(4)(a)(ii) (impairment of health), or 93(4)(a)(iii) (disability) of that Act, or

(b) is accommodated in a care home outside the United Kingdom, where the costs of any qualifying services are met wholly or partly by a local authority pursuant to their powers under section 25 of the Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 (attendance at establishments outwith the United Kingdom)[^f00056].

PART 9 — Making of applications and payments and duration of eligibility

Making Payments

33

(1) Where Adult Disability Payment is payable in respect of an individual, the Scottish Ministers may, where they consider it appropriate, make the payment to another person to be used for the benefit of the individual.

(2) Where the Scottish Ministers consider, for any reason, that it is no longer appropriate for a particular person who falls within paragraph (1) to continue to receive the payment, they may cease making payment to that person.

Amount and form of Adult Disability Payment

34

(1) The weekly rate of payment of the daily living component is, where the individual is entitled to—

(a) the standard rate, £73.90, or

(b) the enhanced rate, £110.40.

(2) The weekly rate of the mobility component is, where the individual is entitled to—

(a) the standard rate, £29.20, or

(b) the enhanced rate, £77.05.

(3) Where an individual is entitled to payment of the daily living component or the mobility component for a period shorter than one week, payment of that component is to be made at one-seventh of the relevant weekly rate, for each day of entitlement.

(4) For any week where an individual is entitled to—

(a) the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment, and

(b) payment of an amount in respect of constant attendance under article 14 of the Personal Injuries (Civilians) Scheme 1983, section 104 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992[^f00057], section 104 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 or article 8 of the Naval, Military and Air Forces etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006,

the amount of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be reduced by the amount paid under that section.

(5) For the purpose of calculating the amount of the daily living component that is to be given to the individual, in accordance with paragraph (3), where the amount in respect of constant attendance is equal to or greater than the amount of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment, the value of the daily living component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be £0.

(6) For any week where an individual is entitled to—

(a) the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment, and

(b) payment of War Pensioners’ Mobility Supplement within the meaning of—

(i) the Naval, Military and Air Forces etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 1983 (“1983 Order”)[^f00058],

(ii) the Personal Injuries (Civilians) Scheme 1983[^f00059],

(iii) the 1983 Order by virtue of the War Pensions (Naval Auxiliary Personnel) Scheme 1964[^f00060],

(iv) the Pensions (Polish Forces) Scheme 1964[^f00061],

(v) the War Pensions (Mercantile Marine) Scheme 1964[^f00062], or

(vi) an Order of Her Majesty in relation to the Home Guard dated 21 December 1964 or 22 December 1964, or in relation to the Ulster Defence Regiment dated 4 January 1971,

the amount of the mobility component of Adult Disability Payment that is to be given to the individual is to be £0.

(7) Adult Disability Payment is only to be given in the form of money, except as provided for by regulation 44 (Form of payment – giving Adult Disability Payment by way of deduction).

When an application is to be treated as made and beginning of entitlement to assistance

35

(1) An application for Adult Disability Payment is to be treated as made—

(a) on the day it is received by the Scottish Ministers, or

(b) if applicable, on the day identified by the Scottish Ministers in accordance with paragraph (2).

(2) If, before making a determination on the basis of an application, the Scottish Ministers consider that the individual in respect of whom the application is made—

(a) would not satisfy a requirement in—

(i) regulation 5 (daily living component),

(ii) regulation 6 (mobility component),

(iii) regulation 11 (required period condition: daily living component),

(iv) regulation 12 (required period condition: mobility component),

(v) Part 5 (residence and presence conditions), or

(vi) regulation 22 (age criteria),

if the application were treated as made on the day it was received, and

(b) would likely be entitled to receive Adult Disability Payment if those requirements were satisfied within a 13-week period beginning on the day it was received,

the Scottish Ministers may choose the date within that 13 week period on which the application is to be treated as made.

(3) Where, on the basis of an application (other than where regulation 52, 52A, 58(1) or paragraph 15A(1) of schedule 2 apply), a determination is made that an individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment, the date on which entitlement begins is to be identified in accordance with paragraphs (4) to (6).

(4) Where an application is made within 8 weeks of the day on which the full name and date of birth of an individual (“the required data”) is submitted by, or on behalf of, the individual to the Scottish Ministers for the purpose of an application for Adult Disability Payment, entitlement begins on whichever is the later of the day—

(a) on which the required data was submitted, or

(b) identified in accordance with paragraph (2).

(5) Subject to paragraph (6), where an application is made after the 8 week period described in paragraph (4), entitlement begins on the day on which the application is treated as made in accordance with paragraph (1).

(6) Where the Scottish Ministers are satisfied that there is a good reason why an application was made after the 8 week period described in paragraph (4), they may treat the application as having been made within that period.

(7) For the purposes of section 38(3) of the 2018 Act, the period covered by an application for Adult Disability Payment—

(a) under paragraph (1)(a)—

(i) begins on the day on which the application is treated as having been made, and

(ii) ends on the day on which the determination of entitlement is made, and

(b) under paragraph (1)(b)—

(i) is deemed to begin on the day before the determination of entitlement is made provided that the requirements are satisfied, and

(ii) ends on the day on which the determination of entitlement is made.

Time of Payment

36

Where an award of Adult Disability Payment is made, the Scottish Ministers are to make—

(a) the first payment of assistance on a date specified in the notice of determination, and

(b) any subsequent payment—

(i) 4 weekly in arrears, or

(ii) where regulation 26 (entitlement under special rules for terminal illness) applies, weekly in advance.

Continuing Eligibility

37

(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), a determination that an individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment in respect of a period is to be made on the basis that the individual has an ongoing entitlement to Adult Disability Payment after the end of that period, except where paragraph (2) applies.

(2) This paragraph applies where, after the end of the period mentioned in paragraph (1), the individual no longer satisfies the eligibility rules.

(3) A determination of ongoing entitlement is made on the basis that—

(a) the individual will continue to be entitled to Adult Disability Payment for a fixed or indefinite period as specified in the notice of determination, and

(b) the decision that the individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment for each subsequent 4-week period is to be taken in accordance with these Regulations, on the strength of the assumptions set out in paragraph (4).

(4) The assumptions are that—

(a) the individual continues to satisfy the eligibility criteria which were satisfied to be entitled to Adult Disability Payment under the determination mentioned in paragraph (1),

(b) the information on which the determination mentioned in paragraph (1) was made still applies and is relevant in the individual’s case, and

(c) there is no change in circumstances of the individual which would require to be notified under section 56 (duty to notify change of circumstances) of the 2018 Act.

Circumstances in which assistance may be suspended

38

(1) The Scottish Ministers may decide that an individual who has an ongoing entitlement to Adult Disability Payment in respect of a period by virtue of regulation 37 (continuing eligibility) is not to become entitled to be given some or all of either component or both components of that assistance at the time at which the individual otherwise would in accordance with that regulation, as read with regulation 36 (time of payment) (referred to in these Regulations as a decision to suspend the individual’s Adult Disability Payment).

(2) Where such a decision is made in respect of an individual, payments of Adult Disability Payment to that individual are to be suspended until such time as the Scottish Ministers decide to end the suspension in accordance with regulation 42.

(3) The Scottish Ministers may decide to suspend an individual’s Adult Disability Payment only in the circumstances where—

(a) section 54(1A) of the 2018 Act[^f00063] applies, or

(b) the Scottish Ministers have made arrangements (whether under section 85A of the 2018 Act, section 85B of the 2018 Act[^f00064] or otherwise) for a person to receive the Adult Disability Payment on the individual’s behalf, and the Scottish Ministers consider that it is necessary to suspend the Adult Disability Payment—

(i) in order to protect the individual from the risk of financial abuse, or

(ii) because the person with whom the Scottish Ministers have made arrangements is unable to continue to receive the Adult Disability Payment.

(4) In this regulation, “financial abuse” includes—

(a) having money or other property stolen,

(b) being defrauded,

(d) having money or other property misused.

Having regard to financial circumstances

39

The Scottish Ministers must have regard to an individual’s financial circumstances prior to making a decision to suspend payment to the individual of some or all of either component or both components of Adult Disability Payment.

Information to be given following suspension

40

(1) Having made a decision to suspend an individual’s Adult Disability Payment, the Scottish Ministers must inform the individual of—

(a) their decision to suspend the individual’s Adult Disability Payment,

(b) the reasons for their decision,

(c) any steps which might be taken by the individual in order for the Scottish Ministers to consider ending the suspension, and

(d) the individual’s right under regulation 41 to require the Scottish Ministers to review their decision to suspend the individual’s Adult Disability Payment.

(2) The Scottish Ministers must fulfil their duty under paragraph (1) in a way that leaves the individual with a record of the information which the individual can show to, or otherwise share with, others.

Right to review suspension

41

(1) An individual may require the Scottish Ministers to review their decision to suspend that individual’s Adult Disability Payment.

(2) The Scottish Ministers must—

(a) complete a review mentioned in paragraph (1) within 31 days beginning with the day when they received notice from the individual requiring them to review their decision,

(b) inform the individual of the outcome of the review including reasons for their decision.

(3) The Scottish Ministers must fulfil their duty under paragraph (2)(b) in a way that leaves the individual with a record of the information which the individual can show to, or otherwise share with, others.

Ending a suspension

42

The Scottish Ministers are to make a decision to end a suspension where—

(a) the individual provides the information requested under section 54(1) of the 2018 Act[^f00065] and the Scottish Ministers consider that they do not require to make a determination without application,

(b) regulation 38(3)(a) applies and the Scottish Ministers make a determination without application under regulation 47 (consideration of entitlement after specified period), 48 (determination following change of circumstances, etc.), 49 (determination following official error – underpayments), 50 (determination following error – overpayments) or 51 (determination to effect a deduction decision),

(d) the circumstances mentioned in regulation 38(3)(b) no longer apply, or

(e) the Scottish Ministers consider it appropriate in the circumstances, including having regard to the financial circumstances of the individual.

Effect of suspension ending

43

When—

(a) the suspension of an individual’s Adult Disability Payment ends, and

(b) under the latest determination of the individual’s entitlement to Adult Disability Payment relating to the period of the suspension the individual would have become entitled to be given Adult Disability Payment during that period,

the individual is immediately to be given the Adult Disability Payment that the individual would have become entitled to be given under the determination during the period of suspension.

Form of payment – giving Adult Disability Payment by way of deduction

44

(1) Where an individual has a liability to the Scottish Ministers under section 63 of the 2018 Act (liability for assistance given in error), the individual’s payment of Adult Disability Payment may be given (in whole or in part) by way of deduction, at a reasonable level, from that liability either—

(a) with the agreement of the individual, or

(b) without the individual’s agreement, where the individual has unreasonably refused to agree to the assistance being given in that form.

(2) For the purpose of paragraph (1), “reasonable level” means a level that is reasonable having regard to the financial circumstances of the individual.

When an increase in level of entitlement takes effect

45

(1) Where, as a result of a determination without an application, the amount of Adult Disability Payment payable in respect of an individual is increased or their entitlement to a component is awarded, the change takes effect—

(a) in the case of an increase pursuant to a determination made under regulation 48(c), 48(d), 48(e) or 48(f) (determination following change of circumstances etc.) on the day after the day on which Personal Independence Payment , Disability Living Allowance or Scottish Adult Disability Living Allowance ceased to be paid in respect of the individual,

(b) in the case of an award of entitlement to a component or an increase pursuant to a determination made in accordance with regulation 48(a) that affects their eligibility under regulation 5 (daily living component) or regulation 6 (mobility component), on the date when—

(i) if as a result of the individual reporting the change—

(aa) if the individual reports the change within one month of the change occurring, the individual first satisfies the requirements for a higher rate of the daily living or mobility component,

(bb) if the individual reports the change within more than one month but not more than 13 months of the change occurring, the individual first satisfies the requirements for a higher rate of the daily living or mobility component, but only if the Scottish Ministers consider that the individual had good reason for not notifying the change within one month, or

(cc) in any other case, the individual reports the change.

(ii) if as a result of the Scottish Ministers becoming aware that a determination of an individual’s entitlement was made in ignorance of a material fact, on the date when the Scottish Ministers make the determination.

(c) in the case of an earlier determination which was based on official error ... within the meaning of regulation 49 (determination following official error – underpayments) or on error within the meaning of regulation 50 (determination following error – overpayments), ... on the date when the earlier determination took effect, ...

(ca) in the case of a determination made in accordance with regulation 48(a), where the period that an individual has been—

(i) resident in a care home for the purpose of regulation 27,

(ii) an in-patient in hospital or similar institution for the purpose of regulation 28,

(iii) in legal detention for the purpose of regulation 30, or

(iv) resident in a care home, an in-patient in a hospital or similar institution, or in legal detention for the purposes of regulation 32,

has come to an end, on the day on which the individual leaves the place, or

(d) in any other case, on the date when the Scottish Ministers make the determination.

(2) Where the Scottish Ministers consider that in all the circumstances it would be unjust not to do so, they may, when making their determination, set an earlier date for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b), (c) or (d).

(3) This regulation does not apply to an individual to whom regulation 26 (entitlement under special rules for terminal illness) applies.

(4) Where an individual has previously received Adult Disability Payment for a period and a determination without application has subsequently been made that the same individual is entitled to Adult Disability Payment at a higher rate for that period, that individual will be entitled to the difference between the value of entitlement to Adult Disability Payment under the subsequent determination and the value of Adult Disability Payment to which that individual was previously entitled for that period.

When a decrease in level or cessation of entitlement takes effect

46

(1) Where, as a result of determination without an application, the amount of Adult Disability Payment payable in respect of an individual is decreased or their entitlement to a component is ceased, the change takes effect—

(a) in the case of a decrease pursuant to a determination made under regulation 48(c), 48(d) or 48(e) (determination following change of circumstances etc.) on the day after the day on which Personal Independence Payment or Disability Living Allowance ceased to be paid in respect of the individual,

(aa) in the case of a determination without application under regulation 48(b), on the date of the individual’s death,

(b) in the case of a determination without application under regulation 47 or 48(a), on the date—

(i) where the individual was required to notify a change under section 56 of the 2018 Act, if the individual—

(aa) knowingly fails to notify a change, or

(bb) fails to notify the change as soon as reasonably practicable after it occurred,

the individual should have notified the Scottish Ministers of the change, or

(ia) where the Scottish Ministers have—

(aa) made a decision to suspend the individual’s Adult Disability Payment in terms of regulation 38(1) and (3)(a), and

(bb) subsequently made the determination on the basis that the eligibility rules for Adult Disability Payment are not satisfied, as provided for by section 54(2) of the 2018 Act,

the individual’s Adult Disability Payment was suspended, or

(ii) in any other case, the Scottish Ministers make the determination,

(c) in the case of an earlier determination which was based on official error ... within the meaning of regulation 49 (determination following official error – underpayments) or on error within the meaning of regulation 50 (determination following error – overpayments), on the date when the earlier determination took effect,

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