Legalize / United Kingdom / Public General Act

Extradition Act 2003

Type Public General Act

Publication 2003-11-20

Last updated 2024-03-13

State In force

Department Statute Law Database

Source legislation.gov.uk

articles 1

Reform history JSON API

(11) A person is entitled to be released from detention if there is—

(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) a duty to release the person under Chapter 6 of Part 12 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 ...,

(c) a duty to release the person under section 1, 1AA , 1AB or 7(1) of the Prisoners and Criminal Proceedings (Scotland) Act 1993 or section 5, 11(2), 13, 19 or 23 of the Custodial Sentences and Weapons (Scotland) Act 2007, or

(d) a duty to release the person under section 1 of the Northern Ireland (Remission of Sentences) Act 1995, Article 26 of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 or Article 17 , 18(8) or 20A(8) of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2008.

(12) The powers conferred on a constable by subsection (8) are exercisable in any part of the United Kingdom.

(13) An immigration officer is a person who is an immigration officer within the meaning of the Immigration Act 1971.

Costs

Costs where extradition ordered

60

(1) This section applies if any of the following occurs in relation to a person in respect of whom a Part 1 warrant is issued—

(a) an order for the person’s extradition is made under this Part;

(aa) the High Court dismisses an application for leave to appeal to it under section 26;

(b) the High Court dismisses an appeal under section 26;

(c) the High Court or the Supreme Courtdismisses an application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court under section 32, if the application is made by the person;

(d) the Supreme Court dismisses an appeal under section 32, if the appeal is brought by the person.

(2) In a case falling within subsection (1)(a), the appropriate judge may make such order as he considers just and reasonable with regard to the costs to be paid by the person.

(3) In a case falling within subsection (1)(aa), (b), (c) or (d), the court by which the application or appeal is dismissed may make such order as it considers just and reasonable with regard to the costs to be paid by the person.

(4) An order for costs under this section—

(a) must specify their amount;

(b) may name the person to whom they are to be paid.

Costs where discharge ordered

61

(1) This section applies if any of the following occurs in relation to a person in respect of whom a Part 1 warrant is issued—

(a) an order for the person’s discharge is made under this Part;

(b) the person is taken to be discharged under this Part;

(ba) the High Court dismisses an application for leave to appeal to it under section 28;

(d) the High Court or the Supreme Court dismisses an application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court under section 32, if the application is made by the authority which issued the warrant;

(e) the Supreme Court dismisses an appeal under section 32, if the appeal is brought by the authority which issued the warrant.

(2) In a case falling within subsection (1)(a), an order under subsection (5) in favour of the person may be made by—

(a) the appropriate judge, if the order for the person’s discharge is made by him;

(b) the High Court, if the order for the person’s discharge is made by it;

(3) In a case falling within subsection (1)(b), the appropriate judge may make an order under subsection (5) in favour of the person.

(4) In a case falling within subsection (1)(ba), (c), (d) or (e), the court by which the application or appeal is dismissed may make an order under subsection (5) in favour of the person.

(5) An order under this subsection in favour of a person is an order for a payment of the appropriate amount to be made to the person out of money provided by Parliament.

(5A) In England and Wales, an order under subsection (5) is to be made, and the appropriate amount is to be determined, in accordance with sections 62A and 62B.

(5B) In Scotland and Northern Ireland, an order under subsection (5) is to be made, and the appropriate amount is to be determined, in accordance with subsections (6) to (9).

(6) The appropriate amount is such amount as the judge or court making the order under subsection (5) considers reasonably sufficient to compensate the person in whose favour the order is made for any expenses properly incurred by him in the proceedings under this Part.

(7) But if the judge or court making an order under subsection (5) is of the opinion that there are circumstances which make it inappropriate that the person in whose favour the order is made should recover the full amount mentioned in subsection (6), the judge or court must—

(a) assess what amount would in his or its opinion be just and reasonable;

(b) specify that amount in the order as the appropriate amount.

(8) Unless subsection (7) applies, the appropriate amount—

(a) must be specified in the order, if the court considers it appropriate for it to be so specified and the person in whose favour the order is made agrees the amount;

(b) must be determined in accordance with regulations made by the Lord Chancellor for the purposes of this section, in any other case.

(9) In relation to proceedings in Northern Ireland (including proceedings in the Supreme Court on an appeal, or on an application for leave to appeal, from proceedings in Northern Ireland)—

(a) subsection (5) has effect as if for “out of money provided by Parliament” there were substituted by the Department of Justice in Northern Ireland;

(b) the power to make regulations under subsection (8)(b) is exercisable by the Department of Justice in Northern Ireland (and not by the Lord Chancellor).

Costs where discharge ordered: supplementary

62

(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) In Northern Ireland, section 7 of the Costs in Criminal Cases Act (Northern Ireland) 1968 (c. 10) (rules relating to costs) applies in relation to section 61 as that section applies in relation to sections 2 to 5 of that Act.

Repatriation cases

Persons serving sentences outside territory where convicted

63

(1) This section applies if an arrest warrant is issued in respect of a person by an authority of a category 1 territory and the warrant contains the statement referred to in subsection (2).

(2) The statement is one that—

(a) the person is alleged to be unlawfully at large from a prison in one territory (the imprisoning territory) in which he was serving a sentence after conviction of an offence specified in the warrant by a court in another territory (the convicting territory), and

(b) the person was serving the sentence in pursuance of international arrangements for prisoners sentenced in one territory to be repatriated to another territory in order to serve their sentence, and

(c) the warrant is issued with a view to his arrest and extradition to the category 1 territory for the purpose of serving a sentence or another form of detention imposed in respect of the offence.

(3) If the category 1 territory is either the imprisoning territory or the convicting territory, section 2(2)(b) has effect as if the reference to the statement referred to in subsection (5) of that section were a reference to the statement referred to in subsection (2) of this section.

(4) If the category 1 territory is the imprisoning territory—

(a) section 2(6)(e) has effect as if “the category 1 territory” read “ the convicting territory ”;

(b) section 10(2) has effect as if “an extradition offence” read “ an extradition offence in relation to the convicting territory ”;

(d) section 37(5) has effect as if “a category 1 territory” read “ the convicting territory ” and as if “the category 1 territory” in both places read “ the convicting territory ”;

(e) section 52(4) has effect as if “a category 1 territory” read “ the convicting territory ” and as if “the category 1 territory” in both places read “ the convicting territory ”;

(f) section 65(1) has effect as if “a category 1 territory” read “ the convicting territory ”;

(g) section 65(2) has effect as if “the category 1 territory” in the opening words and paragraphs (a) and (c) read “ the convicting territory ” and as if “the category 1 territory” in paragraph (b) read “ the imprisoning territory ”;

(h) in section 65, subsections (3), (4), (5), (6) and (8) have effect as if “the category 1 territory” in each place read “ the convicting territory ”.

Interpretation

Extradition offences: person not sentenced for offence

64

(1) This section sets out whether a person's conduct constitutes an “ extradition offence ” for the purposes of this Part in a case where the person—

(a) is accused in a category 1 territory of an offence constituted by the conduct, or

(b) has been convicted in that territory of an offence constituted by the conduct but not sentenced for it.

(2) The conduct constitutes an extradition offence in relation to the category 1 territory if the conditions in subsection (3) or (4) are satisfied.

(3) The conditions in this subsection are that—

(a) the conduct occurs in the category 1 territory;

(b) the conduct would constitute an offence under the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom if it occurred in that part of the United Kingdom;

(c) the conduct is punishable under the law of the category 1 territory with imprisonment or another form of detention for a term of 12 months or a greater punishment.

(4) The conditions in this subsection are that—

(a) the conduct occurs outside the category 1 territory;

(b) in corresponding circumstances equivalent conduct would constitute an extra-territorial offence under the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom;

(c) the conduct is punishable under the law of the category 1 territory with imprisonment or another form of detention for a term of 12 months or a greater punishment.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) For the purposes of subsections (3)(b) and (4)(b)—

(a) if the conduct relates to a tax or duty, it does not matter whether the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom imposes the same kind of tax or duty or contains rules of the same kind as those of the law of the category 1 territory;

(b) if the conduct relates to customs or exchange, it does not matter whether the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom contains rules of the same kind as those of the law of the category 1 territory.

Extradition offences: person sentenced for offence

65

(1) This section sets out whether a person's conduct constitutes an “extradition offence” for the purposes of this Part in a case where the person—

(a) has been convicted in a category 1 territory of an offence constituted by the conduct, and

(b) has been sentenced for the offence.

(2) The conduct constitutes an extradition offence in relation to the category 1 territory if the conditions in subsection (3) or (4) are satisfied.

(3) The conditions in this subsection are that—

(a) the conduct occurs in the category 1 territory;

(b) the conduct would constitute an offence under the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom if it occurred in that part of the United Kingdom;

(c) a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention for a term of 4 months or a greater punishment has been imposed in the category 1 territory in respect of the conduct.

(4) The conditions in this subsection are that—

(a) the conduct occurs outside the category 1 territory;

(b) in corresponding circumstances equivalent conduct would constitute an extra-territorial offence under the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom;

(c) a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention for a term of 4 months or a greater punishment has been imposed in the category 1 territory in respect of the conduct.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) For the purposes of subsections (3)(b) and (4)(b)—

(a) if the conduct relates to a tax or duty, it does not matter whether the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom imposes the same kind of tax or duty or contains rules of the same kind as those of the law of the category 1 territory;

(b) if the conduct relates to customs or exchange, it does not matter whether the law of the relevant part of the United Kingdom contains rules of the same kind as those of the law of the category 1 territory.

Extradition offences: supplementary

66

(1) Subsections (1A) to (4) apply for the purposes of sections 64 and 65.

(1A) References to “conduct” (except in the expression “ equivalent conduct ”) are to the conduct specified in the Part 1 warrant.

(2) An appropriate authority of a category 1 territory is a judicial authority of the territory which the appropriate judge believes has the function of issuing arrest warrants in that territory.

(3) The law of a territory is the general criminal law of the territory.

(4) The relevant part of the United Kingdom is the part of the United Kingdom in which the relevant proceedings are taking place.

(5) The relevant proceedings are the proceedings in which it is necessary to decide whether conduct constitutes an extradition offence.

The appropriate judge

67

(1) The appropriate judge is—

(a) in England and Wales, a District Judge (Magistrates' Courts) designated for the purposes of this Part by the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales after consulting the Lord Chancellor;

(b) in Scotland, the sheriff of Lothian and Borders;

(c) in Northern Ireland, such county court judge or resident magistrate as is designated for the purposes of this Part by the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland after consulting the Department of Justice in Northern Ireland.

(2) A designation under subsection (1) may be made for all cases or for such cases (or cases of such description) as the designation stipulates.

(3) More than one designation may be made under subsection (1).

(3A) The use of the expression “the judge” in a section containing a previous reference to “the appropriate judge” or “the judge” does not in itself require both references to be read as referring to the same individual.

(4) This section applies for the purposes of this Part.

(5) The Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales may nominate a judicial office holder (as defined in section 109(4) of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005) to exercise his functions under subsection (1)(a).

(6) The Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland may nominate any of the following to exercise his functions under subsection (1)(c)—

(a) the holder of one of the offices listed in Schedule 1 to the Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002;

(b) a Lord Justice of Appeal (as defined in section 88 of that Act).

The extradition hearing

68

(1) The extradition hearing is the hearing at which the appropriate judge is to decide whether a person in respect of whom a Part 1 warrant was issued is to be extradited to the category 1 territory in which it was issued.

(2) This section applies for the purposes of this Part.

Part 2 — Extradition to category 2 territories

Introduction

Extradition to category 2 territories

69

(1) This Part deals with extradition from the United Kingdom to the territories designated for the purposes of this Part by order made by the Secretary of State.

(2) In this Act references to category 2 territories are to the territories designated for the purposes of this Part.

Extradition request and certificate

70

(1) The Secretary of State must (subject to subsection (2)) issue a certificate under this section if he receives a valid request for the extradition of a person to a category 2 territory.

(2) The Secretary of State may refuse to issue a certificate under this section if—

(a) he has power under section 126 to order that proceedings on the request be deferred,

(b) the person whose extradition is requested has been recorded by the Secretary of State as a refugee within the meaning of the Refugee Convention, or

(c) the person whose extradition is requested has been granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom on the ground that it would be a breach of Article 2 or 3 of the Human Rights Convention to remove him to the territory to which extradition is requested.

(2A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) A request for a person’s extradition is valid if—

(a) it contains the statement referred to in subsection (4) or the statement referred to in subsection (4A), and

(b) it is made in the approved way.

(4) The statement is one that—

(a) the person is accused in the category 2 territory of the commission of an offence specified in the request, and

(b) the request is made with a view to his arrest and extradition to the category 2 territory for the purpose of being prosecuted for the offence.

(4A) The statement is one that—

(a) the person has been convicted of an offence specified in the request by a court in the category 2 territory, and

(b) the request is made with a view to his arrest and extradition to the category 2 territory for the purpose of being sentenced for the offence or of serving a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention imposed in respect of the offence.

(5) A request for extradition to a category 2 territory which is a British overseas territory is made in the approved way if it is made by or on behalf of the person administering the territory.

(6) A request for extradition to a category 2 territory which is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China is made in the approved way if it is made by or on behalf of the government of the Region.

(7) A request for extradition to any other category 2 territory is made in the approved way if it is made—

(a) by an authority of the territory which the Secretary of State believes has the function of making requests for extradition in that territory, or

(b) by a person recognised by the Secretary of State as a diplomatic or consular representative of the territory.

(8) A certificate under this section must

(a) certify that the request is made in the approved way, and

(b) identify the order by which the territory in question is designated as a category 2 territory.

(9) If a certificate is issued under this section the Secretary of State must send the request and the certificate to the appropriate judge

(10) Subsection (11) applies at all times after the Secretary of State issues a certificate under this section.

(11) The Secretary of State is not to consider whether the extradition would be compatible with the Convention rights within the meaning of the Human Rights Act 1998.

Arrest

Arrest warrant following extradition request

71

(1) This section applies if the Secretary of State sends documents to the appropriate judge under section 70.

(2) The judge may issue a warrant for the arrest of the person whose extradition is requested if the judge has reasonable grounds for believing that—

(a) the offence in respect of which extradition is requested is an extradition offence, and

(b) there is evidence falling within subsection (3).

(3) The evidence is—

(a) evidence that would justify the issue of a warrant for the arrest of a person accused of the offence within the judge’s jurisdiction, if the person whose extradition is requested is accused of the commission of the offence;

(b) evidence that would justify the issue of a warrant for the arrest of a person unlawfully at large after conviction of the offence within the judge’s jurisdiction, if the person whose extradition is requested is alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of the offence.

(4) But if the category 2 territory to which extradition is requested is designated for the purposes of this section by order made by the Secretary of State, subsections (2) and (3) have effect as if “evidence” read “ information ”.

(5) A warrant issued under this section may—

(a) be executed by any person to whom it is directed or by any constable or customs officer;

(b) be executed even if neither the warrant nor a copy of it is in the possession of the person executing it at the time of the arrest.

(6) If a warrant issued under this section—

(a) is directed to a service policeman, and

(b) is in respect of a person subject to service law or a civilian subject to service discipline,

it may be executed anywhere.

(7) In any other case, a warrant issued under this section may be executed in any part of the United Kingdom.

(8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Person arrested under section 71

72

(1) This section applies if a person is arrested under a warrant issued under section 71.

(2) A copy of the warrant must be given to the person as soon as practicable after his arrest.

(3) The person must be brought as soon as practicable before the appropriate judge.

(4) But subsection (3) does not apply if—

(a) the person is granted bail by a constable following his arrest, or

(b) the Secretary of State decides under section 126 that the request for the person’s extradition is not to be proceeded with.

(5) If subsection (2) is not complied with and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge may order his discharge.

(6) If subsection (3) is not complied with and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge must order his discharge.

(7) When the person first appears or is brought before the appropriate judge, the judge must—

(a) inform him of the contents of the request for his extradition;

(b) give him the required information about consent;

(8) The required information about consent is—

(a) that the person may consent to his extradition to the category 2 territory to which his extradition is requested;

(b) an explanation of the effect of consent and the procedure that will apply if he gives consent;

(9) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

(10) Subsection (4)(a) applies to Scotland with the omission of the words “by a constable”.

Provisional warrant

73

(1) This section applies if a justice of the peace is satisfied on information in writing and on oath that a person within subsection (2)—

(a) is or is believed to be in the United Kingdom, or

(b) is or is believed to be on his way to the United Kingdom.

(2) A person is within this subsection if—

(a) he is accused in a category 2 territory of the commission of an offence, or

(b) he is alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of an offence by a court in a category 2 territory.

(3) The justice may issue a warrant for the arrest of the person (a provisional warrant) if he has reasonable grounds for believing that—

(a) the offence of which the person is accused or has been convicted is an extradition offence, and

(b) there is written evidence falling within subsection (4).

(4) The evidence is—

(a) evidence that would justify the issue of a warrant for the arrest of a person accused of the offence within the justice’s jurisdiction, if the person in respect of whom the warrant is sought is accused of the commission of the offence;

(b) evidence that would justify the issue of a warrant for the arrest of a person unlawfully at large after conviction of the offence within the justice’s jurisdiction, if the person in respect of whom the warrant is sought is alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of the offence.

(5) But if the category 2 territory is designated for the purposes of this section by order made by the Secretary of State, subsections (3) and (4) have effect as if “evidence” read “ information ”.

(6) A provisional warrant may—

(a) be executed by any person to whom it is directed or by any constable or customs officer;

(b) be executed even if neither the warrant nor a copy of it is in the possession of the person executing it at the time of the arrest.

(7) If a warrant issued under this section—

(a) is directed to a service policeman, and

(b) is in respect of a person subject to service law or a civilian subject to service discipline,

it may be executed anywhere.

(8) In any other case, a warrant issued under this section may be executed in any part of the United Kingdom.

(9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(10) The preceding provisions of this section apply to Scotland with these modifications—

(a) in subsection (1) for “justice of the peace is satisfied on information in writing and on oath” substitute “ sheriff is satisfied, on an application by a procurator fiscal, ”;

(b) in subsection (3) for “justice” substitute “ sheriff ”;

(11) Subsection (1) applies to Northern Ireland with the substitution of “a complaint” for “ information ”.

Person arrested under provisional warrant

74

(1) This section applies if a person is arrested under a provisional warrant.

(2) A copy of the warrant must be given to the person as soon as practicable after his arrest.

(3) The person must be brought as soon as practicable before the appropriate judge.

(4) But subsection (3) does not apply if—

(a) the person is granted bail by a constable following his arrest, or

(b) in a case where the Secretary of State has received a valid request for the person’s extradition, the Secretary of State decides under section 126 that the request is not to be proceeded with.

(5) If subsection (2) is not complied with and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge may order his discharge.

(6) If subsection (3) is not complied with and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge must order his discharge.

(7) When the person first appears or is brought before the appropriate judge, the judge must—

(a) inform him that he is accused of the commission of an offence in a category 2 territory or that he is alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of an offence by a court in a category 2 territory;

(b) give him the required information about consent;

(8) The required information about consent is—

(a) that the person may consent to his extradition to the category 2 territory in which he is accused of the commission of an offence or is alleged to have been convicted of an offence;

(b) an explanation of the effect of consent and the procedure that will apply if he gives consent;

(9) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

(10) The judge must order the person’s discharge if the documents referred to in section 70(9) are not received by the judge within the required period.

(11) The required period is—

(a) 45 days starting with the day on which the person was arrested, or

(b) if the category 2 territory is designated by order made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section, any longer period permitted by the order.

(12) Subsection (4)(a) applies to Scotland with the omission of the words “by a constable”.

The extradition hearing

Date of extradition hearing: arrest under section 71

75

(1) When a person arrested under a warrant issued under section 71 first appears or is brought before the appropriate judge, the judge must fix a date on which the extradition hearing is to begin.

(2) The date fixed under subsection (1) must not be later than the end of the permitted period, which is 2 months starting with the date on which the person first appears or is brought before the judge.

(3) If before the date fixed under subsection (1) (or this subsection) a party to the proceedings applies to the judge for a later date to be fixed and the judge believes it to be in the interests of justice to do so, he may fix a later date; and this subsection may apply more than once.

(4) If the extradition hearing does not begin on or before the date fixed under this section and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge must order his discharge.

Date of extradition hearing: arrest under provisional warrant

76

(1) Subsection (2) applies if—

(a) a person is arrested under a provisional warrant or under section 74A, and

(b) the documents referred to in section 70(9) are received by the appropriate judge within the period required under section 74(10) or 74E(4).

(2) The judge must fix a date on which the extradition hearing is to begin.

(3) The date fixed under subsection (2) must not be later than the end of the permitted period, which is 2 months starting with the date on which the judge receives the documents.

(4) If before the date fixed under subsection (2) (or this subsection) a party to the proceedings applies to the judge for a later date to be fixed and the judge believes it to be in the interests of justice to do so, he may fix a later date; and this subsection may apply more than once.

(5) If the extradition hearing does not begin on or before the date fixed under this section and the person applies to the judge to be discharged, the judge must order his discharge.

Judge’s powers at extradition hearing

77

(1) In England and Wales, at the extradition hearing the appropriate judge has the same powers (as nearly as may be) as a magistrates' court would have if the proceedings were the summary trial of an information against the person whose extradition is requested.

(2) In Scotland—

(a) at the extradition hearing the appropriate judge has the same powers (as nearly as may be) as if the proceedings were summary proceedings in respect of an offence alleged to have been committed by the person whose extradition is requested; but

(b) in his making any decision under section 78(4)(a) evidence from a single source shall be sufficient.

(3) In Northern Ireland, at the extradition hearing the appropriate judge has the same powers (as nearly as may be) as a magistrates' court would have if the proceedings were the hearing and determination of a complaint against the person whose extradition is requested.

(4) If the judge adjourns the extradition hearing he must remand the person in custody or on bail.

(5) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

Initial stages of extradition hearing

78

(1) This section applies if a person alleged to be the person whose extradition is requested appears or is brought before the appropriate judge for the extradition hearing.

(2) The judge must decide whether the documents sent to him by the Secretary of State consist of (or include)—

(a) the documents referred to in section 70(9);

(b) particulars of the person whose extradition is requested;

(d) in the case of a person accused of an offence, a warrant for his arrest issued in the category 2 territory;

(e) in the case of a person alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of an offence, a certificate issued in the category 2 territory of the conviction and (if he has been sentenced) of the sentence.

(3) If the judge decides the question in subsection (2) in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(4) If the judge decides that question in the affirmative he must decide whether—

(a) the person appearing or brought before him is the person whose extradition is requested;

(b) the offence specified in the request is an extradition offence;

(5) The judge must decide the question in subsection (4)(a) on a balance of probabilities.

(6) If the judge decides any of the questions in subsection (4) in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(7) If the judge decides those questions in the affirmative he must proceed under section 79.

(8) The reference in subsection (2)(d) to a warrant for a person’s arrest includes a reference to a judicial document authorising his arrest.

Bars to extradition

79

(1) If the judge is required to proceed under this section he must decide whether the person’s extradition to the category 2 territory is barred by reason of—

(a) the rule against double jeopardy;

(b) extraneous considerations;

(d) hostage-taking considerations.

(e) forum.

(1A) But the judge is to decide whether the person's extradition is barred by reason of forum only in a case where the request for extradition contains the statement referred to in section 70(4) (warrant issued for purposes of prosecution for offence in category 2 territory).

(2) Sections 80 to 83E apply for the interpretation of subsection (1).

(3) If the judge decides any of the questions in subsection (1) in the affirmative he must order the person’s discharge.

(4) If the judge decides those questions in the negative and the person is accused of the commission of the extradition offence but is not alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of it, the judge must proceed under section 84.

(5) If the judge decides those questions in the negative and the person is alleged to be unlawfully at large after conviction of the extradition offence, the judge must proceed under section 85.

Rule against double jeopardy

80

A person’s extradition to a category 2 territory is barred by reason of the rule against double jeopardy if (and only if) it appears that he would be entitled to be discharged under any rule of law relating to previous acquittal or conviction if he were charged with the extradition offence in the part of the United Kingdom where the judge exercises his jurisdiction.

Extraneous considerations

81

A person’s extradition to a category 2 territory is barred by reason of extraneous considerations if (and only if) it appears that—

(a) the request for his extradition (though purporting to be made on account of the extradition offence) is in fact made for the purpose of prosecuting or punishing him on account of his race, religion, nationality, gender, sexual orientation or political opinions, or

(b) if extradited he might be prejudiced at his trial or punished, detained or restricted in his personal liberty by reason of his race, religion, nationality, gender, sexual orientation or political opinions.

Passage of time

82

A person’s extradition to a category 2 territory is barred by reason of the passage of time if (and only if) it appears that it would be unjust or oppressive to extradite him by reason of the passage of time since he is alleged to have—

(a) committed the extradition offence (where he is accused of its commission), or

(b) become unlawfully at large (where he is alleged to have been convicted of it)

Hostage-taking considerations

83

(1) A person’s extradition to a category 2 territory is barred by reason of hostage-taking considerations if (and only if) the territory is a party to the Hostage-taking Convention and it appears that—

(a) if extradited he might be prejudiced at his trial because communication between him and the appropriate authorities would not be possible, and

(b) the act or omission constituting the extradition offence also constitutes an offence under section 1 of the Taking of Hostages Act 1982 (c. 28) or an attempt to commit such an offence.

(2) The appropriate authorities are the authorities of the territory which are entitled to exercise rights of protection in relation to him.

(3) A certificate issued by the Secretary of State that a territory is a party to the Hostage-taking Convention is conclusive evidence of that fact for the purposes of subsection (1).

(4) The Hostage-taking Convention is the International Convention against the Taking of Hostages opened for signature at New York on 18 December 1979.

Case where person has not been convicted

84

(1) If the judge is required to proceed under this section he must decide whether there is evidence which would be sufficient to make a case requiring an answer by the person if the proceedings were the summary trial of an information against him.

(2) In deciding the question in subsection (1) the judge may treat a statement made by a person in a document as admissible evidence of a fact if—

(a) the statement is made by the person to a police officer or another person charged with the duty of investigating offences or charging offenders, and

(b) direct oral evidence by the person of the fact would be admissible.

(3) In deciding whether to treat a statement made by a person in a document as admissible evidence of a fact, the judge must in particular have regard—

(a) to the nature and source of the document;

(b) to whether or not, having regard to the nature and source of the document and to any other circumstances that appear to the judge to be relevant, it is likely that the document is authentic;

(c) to the extent to which the statement appears to supply evidence which would not be readily available if the statement were not treated as being admissible evidence of the fact;

(d) to the relevance of the evidence that the statement appears to supply to any issue likely to have to be determined by the judge in deciding the question in subsection (1);

(e) to any risk that the admission or exclusion of the statement will result in unfairness to the person whose extradition is sought, having regard in particular to whether it is likely to be possible to controvert the statement if the person making it does not attend to give oral evidence in the proceedings.

(4) A summary in a document of a statement made by a person must be treated as a statement made by the person in the document for the purposes of subsection (2).

(5) If the judge decides the question in subsection (1) in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(6) If the judge decides that question in the affirmative he must proceed under section 87.

(7) If the judge is required to proceed under this section and the category 2 territory to which extradition is requested is designated for the purposes of this section by order made by the Secretary of State—

(a) the judge must not decide under subsection (1), and

(b) he must proceed under section 87.

(8) Subsection (1) applies to Scotland with the substitution of “ summary proceedings in respect of an offence alleged to have been committed by the person (except that for this purpose evidence from a single source shall be sufficient) ” for “the summary trial of an information against him”.

(9) Subsection (1) applies to Northern Ireland with the substitution of “ the hearing and determination of a complaint ” for “the summary trial of an information”.

Case where person has been convicted

85

(1) If the judge is required to proceed under this section he must decide whether the person was convicted in his presence.

(2) If the judge decides the question in subsection (1) in the affirmative he must proceed under section 87.

(3) If the judge decides that question in the negative he must decide whether the person deliberately absented himself from his trial.

(4) If the judge decides the question in subsection (3) in the affirmative he must proceed under section 87.

(5) If the judge decides that question in the negative he must decide whether the person would be entitled to a retrial or (on appeal) to a review amounting to a retrial.

(6) If the judge decides the question in subsection (5) in the affirmative he must proceed under section 86.

(7) If the judge decides that question in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(8) The judge must not decide the question in subsection (5) in the affirmative unless, in any proceedings that it is alleged would constitute a retrial or a review amounting to a retrial, the person would have these rights—

(a) the right to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing or, if he had not sufficient means to pay for legal assistance, to be given it free when the interests of justice so required;

(b) the right to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him.

Conviction in person’s absence

86

(1) If the judge is required to proceed under this section he must decide whether there is evidence which would be sufficient to make a case requiring an answer by the person if the proceedings were the summary trial of an information against him.

(2) In deciding the question in subsection (1) the judge may treat a statement made by a person in a document as admissible evidence of a fact if—

(a) the statement is made by the person to a police officer or another person charged with the duty of investigating offences or charging offenders, and

(b) direct oral evidence by the person of the fact would be admissible.

(3) In deciding whether to treat a statement made by a person in a document as admissible evidence of a fact, the judge must in particular have regard—

(a) to the nature and source of the document;

(b) to whether or not, having regard to the nature and source of the document and to any other circumstances that appear to the judge to be relevant, it is likely that the document is authentic;

(c) to the extent to which the statement appears to supply evidence which would not be readily available if the statement were not treated as being admissible evidence of the fact;

(d) to the relevance of the evidence that the statement appears to supply to any issue likely to have to be determined by the judge in deciding the question in subsection (1);

(e) to any risk that the admission or exclusion of the statement will result in unfairness to the person whose extradition is sought, having regard in particular to whether it is likely to be possible to controvert the statement if the person making it does not attend to give oral evidence in the proceedings.

(4) A summary in a document of a statement made by a person must be treated as a statement made by the person in the document for the purposes of subsection (2).

(5) If the judge decides the question in subsection (1) in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(6) If the judge decides that question in the affirmative he must proceed under section 87.

(7) If the judge is required to proceed under this section and the category 2 territory to which extradition is requested is designated for the purposes of this section by order made by the Secretary of State—

(a) the judge must not decide under subsection (1), and

(b) he must proceed under section 87.

(8) Subsection (1) applies to Scotland with the substitution of “ summary proceedings in respect of an offence alleged to have been committed by the person (except that for this purpose evidence from a single source shall be sufficient) ” for “the summary trial of an information against him”.

(9) Subsection (1) applies to Northern Ireland with the substitution of “ the hearing and determination of a complaint ” for “the summary trial of an information”.

Human rights

87

(1) If the judge is required to proceed under this section (by virtue of section 84, 85 or 86) he must decide whether the person’s extradition would be compatible with the Convention rights within the meaning of the Human Rights Act 1998 (c. 42).

(2) If the judge decides the question in subsection (1) in the negative he must order the person’s discharge.

(3) If the judge decides that question in the affirmative he must send the case to the Secretary of State for his decision whether the person is to be extradited.

Person charged with offence in United Kingdom

88

(1) This section applies if at any time in the extradition hearing the judge is informed that the person is charged with an offence in the United Kingdom.

(2) The judge must adjourn the extradition hearing until one of these occurs—

(a) the charge is disposed of;

(b) the charge is withdrawn;

(d) an order is made for the charge to lie on the file, or in relation to Scotland, the diet is deserted pro loco et tempore.

(3) If a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention is imposed in respect of the offence charged, the judge may adjourn the extradition hearing until the person is released from detention pursuant to the sentence (whether on licence or otherwise).

(4) If before he adjourns the extradition hearing under subsection (2) the judge has decided under section 79 whether the person’s extradition is barred by reason of the rule against double jeopardy, the judge must decide that question again after the resumption of the hearing.

Person serving sentence in United Kingdom

89

(1) This section applies if at any time in the extradition hearing the judge is informed that the person is in custody serving a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention in the United Kingdom.

(2) The judge may adjourn the extradition hearing until the person is released from detention pursuant to the sentence (whether on licence or otherwise).

(3) In a case where an extradition hearing is adjourned under subsection (2)—

(a) section 131 of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (remand of accused already in custody) has effect as if a reference to 28 clear days in subsection (1) or (2) of that section were a reference to six months;

(b) Article 47(2) of the Magistrates' Courts (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 (S.I. 1981/1675 (N.I. 26)) (period of remand in custody) has effect as if a reference to 28 days in—

(i) paragraph (a)(iii), or

(ii) the words after paragraph (b),

were a reference to six months.

Competing extradition claim

90

(1) This section applies if at any time in the extradition hearing the judge is informed that the conditions in subsection (2) or (3) are met.

(2) The conditions are that—

(a) the Secretary of State has received another valid request for the person’s extradition to a category 2 territory;

(b) the other request has not been disposed of;

(c) the Secretary of State has made an order under section 126(2) for further proceedings on the request under consideration to be deferred until the other request has been disposed of.

(3) The conditions are that—

(a) a certificate has been issued under section 2 in respect of a Part 1 warrant issued in respect of the person;

(b) the warrant has not been disposed of;

(c) the Secretary of State has made an order under section 179(2) for further proceedings on the request to be deferred until the warrant has been disposed of.

(4) The judge must remand the person in custody or on bail.

(5) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

Physical or mental condition

91

(1) This section applies if at any time in the extradition hearing it appears to the judge that the condition in subsection (2) is satisfied.

(2) The condition is that the physical or mental condition of the person is such that it would be unjust or oppressive to extradite him.

(3) The judge must—

(a) order the person’s discharge, or

(b) adjourn the extradition hearing until it appears to him that the condition in subsection (2) is no longer satisfied.

Case sent to Secretary of State

92

(1) This section applies if the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited.

(2) The judge must inform the person in ordinary language that—

(a) he has a right to appeal to the High Court;

(b) if he exercises the right the appeal will not be heard until the Secretary of State has made his decision.

(3) But subsection (2) does not apply if the person has consented to his extradition under section 127.

(4) The judge must remand the person in custody or on bail—

(a) to wait for the Secretary of State’s decision, and

(b) to wait for his extradition to the territory to which extradition is requested (if the Secretary of State orders him to be extradited).

(5) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

Secretary of State’s functions

Secretary of State’s consideration of case

93

(1) This section applies if the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited.

(2) The Secretary of State must decide whether he is prohibited from ordering the person’s extradition under any of these sections—

(a) section 94 (death penalty);

(b) section 95 (speciality);

(d) section 96A (earlier transfer to United Kingdom by International Criminal Court).

(3) If the Secretary of State decides any of the questions in subsection (2) in the affirmative he must order the person’s discharge.

(4) If the Secretary of State decides those questions in the negative he must order the person to be extradited to the territory to which his extradition is requested unless—

(a) he is informed that the request has been withdrawn,

(b) he makes an order under section 126(2) or 179(2) for further proceedings on the request to be deferred and the person is discharged under section 180, or

(5) In deciding the questions in subsection (2), the Secretary of State is not required to consider any representations received by him after the end of the permitted period.

(6) The permitted period is the period of 4 weeks starting with the appropriate day.

(6A) The Secretary of State may order the person's discharge if the person—

(a) has been recorded by the Secretary of State as a refugee within the meaning of the Refugee Convention, or

(b) has been granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom on the ground that it would be a breach of Article 2 or 3 of the Human Rights Convention to remove the person to the territory to which extradition is requested.

(7) In the case of a person who has consented under section 127 to his extradition, the Secretary of State is not required—

(a) to wait until the end of the permitted period before ordering the person's extradition, or

(b) to consider any representations received after the order is made.

Death penalty

94

(1) The Secretary of State must not order a person’s extradition to a category 2 territory if he could be, will be or has been sentenced to death for the offence concerned in the category 2 territory.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the Secretary of State receives a written assurance which he considers adequate that a sentence of death—

(a) will not be imposed, or

(b) will not be carried out (if imposed).

Speciality

95

(1) The Secretary of State must not order a person’s extradition to a category 2 territory if there are no speciality arrangements with the category 2 territory.

(2) But subsection (1) does not apply if the person consented to his extradition under section 127 before his case was sent to the Secretary of State.

(3) There are speciality arrangements with a category 2 territory if (and only if) under the law of that territory or arrangements made between it and the United Kingdom a person who is extradited to the territory from the United Kingdom may be dealt with in the territory for an offence committed before his extradition only if—

(a) the offence is one falling within subsection (4), or

(b) he is first given an opportunity to leave the territory.

(4) The offences are—

(a) the offence in respect of which the person is extradited;

(b) an extradition offence disclosed by the same facts as that offence, other than one in respect of which a sentence of death could be imposed;

(d) an offence in respect of which the person waives the right that he would have (but for this paragraph) not to be dealt with for the offence.

(5) Arrangements made with a category 2 territory which is a Commonwealth country or a British overseas territory may be made for a particular case or more generally.

(6) A certificate issued by or under the authority of the Secretary of State confirming the existence of arrangements with a category 2 territory which is a Commonwealth country or a British overseas territory and stating the terms of the arrangements is conclusive evidence of those matters.

Earlier extradition to United Kingdom from other territory

96

The Secretary of State must not order a person’s extradition to a category 2 territory if—

(a) the person was extradited to the United Kingdom from another territory (the extraditing territory);

(b) under arrangements between the United Kingdom and the extraditing territory, that territory’s consent is required to the person’s extradition from the United Kingdom to the category 2 territory in respect of the extradition offence under consideration;

Deferral: person charged with offence in United Kingdom

97

(1) This section applies if—

(a) the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited;

(b) the person is charged with an offence in the United Kingdom.

(2) The Secretary of State must not make a decision with regard to the person’s extradition until one of these occurs—

(a) the charge is disposed of;

(b) the charge is withdrawn;

(d) an order is made for the charge to lie on the file or, in relation to Scotland, the diet is deserted pro loco et tempore.

(3) If a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention is imposed in respect of the offence charged, the Secretary of State may defer making a decision with regard to the person’s extradition until the person is released from detention pursuant to the sentence (whether on licence or otherwise).

Deferral: person serving sentence in United Kingdom

98

(1) This section applies if—

(a) the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited;

(b) the person is in custody serving a sentence of imprisonment or another form of detention in the United Kingdom.

(2) The Secretary of State may defer making a decision with regard to the person’s extradition until the person is released from detention pursuant to the sentence (whether on licence or otherwise).

Time limit for order for extradition or discharge

99

(1) This section applies if—

(a) the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited;

(b) within the required period the Secretary of State does not make an order for the person’s extradition or discharge.

(2) If the person applies to the appropriate judge to be discharged, the judge must order his discharge.

(3) The required period is the period of 2 months starting with the appropriate day.

(4) If before the required period ends the Secretary of State applies to the appropriate judge for it to be extended the judge may make an order accordingly; and this subsection may apply more than once.

Information

100

(1) If the Secretary of State orders a person’s extradition under this Part he must—

(a) inform the person of the order;

(b) inform him in ordinary language that he has a right of appeal to the High Court;

(2) But subsection (1)(b) does not apply if the person has consented to his extradition under section 127.

(3) If the Secretary of State orders a person’s extradition under this Part and he has received an assurance such as is mentioned in section 94(2), he must give the person a copy of the assurance when he informs him under subsection (1) of the order.

(4) If the Secretary of State orders a person’s discharge under this Part he must—

(a) inform him of the order;

(b) inform a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory of the order.

Making of order for extradition or discharge

101

(1) An order to which this section applies must be made under the hand of one of these—

(a) the Secretary of State;

(b) a Minister of State;

(d) a senior official.

(2) But, in relation to Scotland, an order to which this section applies must be made under the hand of one of these—

(a) a member of the Scottish Executive or a junior Scottish Minister;

(b) a senior official who is a member of the staff of the Scottish Administration.

(3) This section applies to—

(a) an order under section 93 for a person’s extradition;

(b) an order under section 93 or 123 for a person’s discharge.

(4) A senior official is—

(a) a member of the Senior Civil Service;

(b) a member of the Senior Management Structure of Her Majesty’s Diplomatic Service.

(5) If it appears to the Secretary of State that it is necessary to do so in consequence of any changes to the structure or grading of the statutory civil service (or any part of it), he may by order make such amendments to subsection (4) as appear to him appropriate to preserve (so far as practicable) the effect of that subsection.

(6) In subsection (5) “the statutory civil service” means the civil service within the meaning of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010 (see section 1(4) of that Act).

The appropriate day

102

(1) This section applies for the purposes of sections 93 and 99 if the appropriate judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited.

(2) If the person is charged with an offence in the United Kingdom, the appropriate day is the day on which one of these occurs—

(a) the charge is disposed of;

(b) the charge is withdrawn;

(d) an order is made for the charge to lie on the file, or in relation to Scotland, the diet is deserted pro loco et tempore.

(3) If under section 97(3) or 98(2) the Secretary of State defers making a decision , the appropriate day is the day on which the person is released from detention pursuant to the sentence (whether on licence or otherwise).

(4) If section 126 applies in relation to the request for the person’s extradition (the request concerned) the appropriate day is—

(a) the day on which the Secretary of State makes an order under that section, if the order is for proceedings on the other request to be deferred;

(b) the day on which an order under section 180 is made, if the order under section 126 is for proceedings on the request concerned to be deferred and the order under section 180 is for the proceedings to be resumed.

(5) If section 179 applies in relation to the request for the person’s extradition, the appropriate day is—

(a) the day on which the Secretary of State makes an order under that section, if the order is for proceedings on the warrant to be deferred;

(b) the day on which an order under section 180 is made, if the order under section 179 is for proceedings on the request to be deferred and the order under section 180 is for the proceedings to be resumed.

(6) If more than one of subsections (2) to (5) applies, the appropriate day is the latest of the days found under the subsections which apply.

(7) In any other case, the appropriate day is the day on which the judge sends the case to the Secretary of State for his decision whether the person is to be extradited.

Appeals

Appeal where case sent to Secretary of State

103

(1) If the judge sends a case to the Secretary of State under this Part for his decision whether a person is to be extradited, the person may appeal to the High Court against the relevant decision.

(2) But subsection (1) does not apply if the person consented to his extradition under section 127 before his case was sent to the Secretary of State.

(3) The relevant decision is the decision that resulted in the case being sent to the Secretary of State.

(4) An appeal under this section—

(a) may be brought on a question of law or fact, but

(b) lies only with the leave of the High Court.

(5) If an appeal is brought under this section before the Secretary of State has decided whether the person is to be extradited the appeal must not be heard until after the Secretary of State has made his decision.

(6) If the Secretary of State orders the person’s discharge the appeal must not be proceeded with.

(7) No appeal may be brought under this section if the Secretary of State has ordered the person’s discharge.

(8) If notice of an appeal under section 110 against the decision which resulted in the order for the person’s discharge is given in accordance with subsection (5) of that section—

(a) subsections (6) and (7) do not apply;

(b) no appeal may be brought under this section if the High Court has made its decision on the appeal.

(9) Notice of application for leave to appeal under this section must be given in accordance with rules of court before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which the Secretary of State informs the person under section 100(1) or (4) of the order he has made in respect of the person.

(10) But where a person gives notice of application for leave to appeal after the end of the permitted period, the High Court must not for that reason refuse to entertain the application if the person did everything reasonably possible to ensure that the notice was given as soon as it could be given.

Court’s powers on appeal under section 103

104

(1) On an appeal under section 103 the High Court may—

(a) allow the appeal;

(b) direct the judge to decide again a question (or questions) which he decided at the extradition hearing;

(2) The court may allow the appeal only if the conditions in subsection (3) or the conditions in subsection (4) are satisfied.

(3) The conditions are that—

(a) the judge ought to have decided a question before him at the extradition hearing differently;

(b) if he had decided the question in the way he ought to have done, he would have been required to order the person’s discharge.

(4) The conditions are that—

(a) an issue is raised that was not raised at the extradition hearing or evidence is available that was not available at the extradition hearing;

(b) the issue or evidence would have resulted in the judge deciding a question before him at the extradition hearing differently;

(5) If the court allows the appeal it must—

(a) order the person’s discharge;

(b) quash the order for his extradition.

(6) If the judge comes to a different decision on any question that is the subject of a direction under subsection (1)(b) he must order the person’s discharge.

(7) If the judge comes to the same decision as he did at the extradition hearing on the question that is (or all the questions that are) the subject of a direction under subsection (1)(b) the appeal must be taken to have been dismissed by a decision of the High Court.

(8) If the court makes a direction under subsection (1)(b) it must remand the person in custody or on bail.

(9) If the court remands the person in custody it may later grant bail.

Appeal against discharge at extradition hearing

105

(1) If at the extradition hearing the judge orders a person’s discharge, an appeal to the High Court may be brought on behalf of the category 2 territory against the relevant decision.

(2) But subsection (1) does not apply if the order for the person’s discharge was under section 122.

(3) The relevant decision is the decision which resulted in the order for the person’s discharge.

(4) An appeal under this section—

(a) may be brought on a question of law or fact, but

(b) lies only with the leave of the High Court.

(5) Notice of application for leave to appeal under this section must be given in accordance with rules of court before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which the order for the person’s discharge is made.

Court’s powers on appeal under section 105

106

(1) On an appeal under section 105 the High Court may—

(a) allow the appeal;

(b) direct the judge to decide the relevant question again;

(2) A question is the relevant question if the judge’s decision on it resulted in the order for the person’s discharge.

(3) The court may allow the appeal only if the conditions in subsection (4) or the conditions in subsection (5) are satisfied.

(4) The conditions are that—

(a) the judge ought to have decided the relevant question differently;

(b) if he had decided the question in the way he ought to have done, he would not have been required to order the person’s discharge.

(5) The conditions are that—

(a) an issue is raised that was not raised at the extradition hearing or evidence is available that was not available at the extradition hearing;

(b) the issue or evidence would have resulted in the judge deciding the relevant question differently;

(6) If the court allows the appeal it must—

(a) quash the order discharging the person;

(b) remit the case to the judge;

(c) direct him to proceed as he would have been required to do if he had decided the relevant question differently at the extradition hearing.

(7) If the court makes a direction under subsection (1)(b) and the judge decides the relevant question differently he must proceed as he would have been required to do if he had decided that question differently at the extradition hearing.

(8) If the court makes a direction under subsection (1)(b) and the judge does not decide the relevant question differently the appeal must be taken to have been dismissed by a decision of the High Court.

(9) If the court—

(a) allows the appeal, or

(b) makes a direction under subsection (1)(b),

it must remand the person in custody or on bail.

(10) If the court remands the person in custody it may later grant bail.

Detention pending conclusion of appeal under section 105

107

(1) This section applies if immediately after the judge orders the person’s discharge the judge is informed on behalf of the category 2 territory of an intention to appeal under section 105.

(2) The judge must remand the person in custody or on bail while the appeal is pending.

(3) If the person is remanded in custody, the appropriate judge may later grant bail.

(4) An appeal under section 105 ceases to be pending at the earliest of these times—

(a) when the proceedings on the appeal are discontinued;

(b) when the High Court—

(i) allows the appeal,

(ii) makes a direction under section 106(1)(b), or

(iii) dismisses the appeal,

unless, where the appeal is dismissed, the court is immediately informed on behalf of the category 2 territory of an intention to apply for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court ;

(c) at the end of the permitted period, which is 28 days starting with the day on which leave to appeal to the Supreme Court against the decision of the High Court on the appeal is granted , if no appeal to the Supreme Court is brought before the end of that period;

(d) when there is no further step that can be taken on behalf of the category 2 territory in relation to the appeal (ignoring any power of a court to grant leave to take a step out of time).

(5) The preceding provisions of this section do not apply to Scotland.

Appeal against extradition order

108

(1) If the Secretary of State orders a person’s extradition under this Part, the person may appeal to the High Court against the order.

(2) But subsection (1) does not apply if the person has consented to his extradition under section 127.

(3) An appeal under this section—

(a) may be brought on a question of law or fact, but

(b) lies only with the leave of the High Court.

(4) Notice of application for leave to appeal under this section must be given—

(a) in accordance with rules of court, and

(a) subject to subsections (5) and (7A), before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which the Secretary of State informs the person of the order under section 100(1).

(5) Notice of application for leave to appeal under this section may be given after the end of the permitted period if it is anapplication for leave to appeal on human rights grounds.

(6) Notice of application for leave to appeal on human rights grounds given after the end of the permitted period must be given before the person is extradited to the category 2 territory in accordance with section 117.

(7) Where notice of application for leave to appeal is given in accordance with subsections (5) and (6), the High Court is to grant leave only if it appears to the High Court that—

(a) the appeal is necessary to avoid real injustice, and

(b) the circumstances are exceptional and make it appropriate for the appeal to be heard.

(7A) Where a person gives notice of application for leave to appeal after the end of the permitted period (whether or not the application is for leave to appeal on human rights grounds), the High Court must not for that reason refuse to entertain the application if the person did everything reasonably possible to ensure that the notice was given as soon as it could be given.

(8) In this section “to appeal on human rights grounds” means to appeal against the order for the person's extradition on the grounds (and only on the grounds) that the extradition would not be compatible with the Convention rights within the meaning of the Human Rights Act 1998.

Court’s powers on appeal under section 108

109

(1) On an appeal under section 108 the High Court may—

(a) allow the appeal;

(b) dismiss the appeal.

(2) The court may allow the appeal only if the conditions in subsection (3) or the conditions in subsection (4) are satisfied.

(3) The conditions are that—

(a) the Secretary of State ought to have decided a question before him differently;

(b) if he had decided the question in the way he ought to have done, he would not have ordered the person’s extradition.

(4) The conditions are that—

(a) an issue is raised that was not raised when the case was being considered by the Secretary of State or information is available that was not available at that time;

(b) the issue or information would have resulted in the Secretary of State deciding a question before him differently;

(5) If the court allows the appeal it must—

(a) order the person’s discharge;

(b) quash the order for his extradition.

Appeal against discharge by Secretary of State

110

(1) If the Secretary of State makes an order for a person’s discharge under this Part, an appeal to the High Court may be brought on behalf of the category 2 territory against the relevant decision.

(2) But subsection (1) does not apply if the order for the person’s discharge was under section 123.

(3) The relevant decision is the decision which resulted in the order for the person’s discharge.

(4) An appeal under this section—

(a) may be brought on a question of law or fact, but

(b) lies only with the leave of the High Court.

(5) Notice of application for leave to appeal under this section must be given in accordance with rules of court before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which (under section 100(4)) the Secretary of State informs a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory of the order.

Court’s powers on appeal under section 110

111

(1) On an appeal under section 110 the High Court may—

(a) allow the appeal;

(b) dismiss the appeal.

(2) The court may allow the appeal only if the conditions in subsection (3) or the conditions in subsection (4) are satisfied.

(3) The conditions are that—

(a) the Secretary of State ought to have decided a question before him differently;

(b) if he had decided the question in the way he ought to have done, he would have ordered the person’s extradition.

(4) The conditions are that—

(a) an issue is raised that was not raised when the case was being considered by the Secretary of State or information is available that was not available at that time;

(b) the issue or information would have resulted in the Secretary of State deciding a question before him differently;

(5) If the court allows the appeal it must—

(a) quash the order discharging the person;

(b) order the person’s extradition.

(6) If the court allows the appeal it must remand the person in custody or on bail.

(7) If the court remands the person in custody it may later grant bail.

Detention pending conclusion of appeal under section 110

112

(1) This section applies in a case where the Secretary of State orders the person's discharge under this Part.

(2) Subject to subsection (3)—

(a) the order made by the appropriate judge under section 92(4) (“ the remand order ”) remains in force until the end of the period of three days beginning with the day on which the person's discharge is ordered;

(b) if within that period the Secretary of State is informed in writing on behalf of the category 2 territory of an intention to appeal under section 110, the remand order remains in force while the appeal is pending.

(3) If the person is remanded in custody under section 92(4), the appropriate judge may grant bail.

(4) An appeal under section 110 ceases to be pending at the earliest of these times—

(a) when the proceedings on the appeal are discontinued;

(b) when the High Court—

(i) allows the appeal, or

(ii) dismisses the appeal,

unless, where the appeal is dismissed, the court is immediately informed on behalf of the category 2 territory of an intention to apply for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court ;

(c) at the end of the permitted period, which is 28 days starting with the day on which leave to appeal to the Supreme Court against the decision of the High Court on the appeal is granted, if no appeal to the Supreme Court is brought before the end of that period;

(d) when there is no further step that can be taken on behalf of the category 2 territory in relation to the appeal (ignoring any power of a court to grant leave to take a step out of time).

(5) The preceding provisions of this section do not apply to Scotland.

Appeal to High Court: time limit for start of hearing

113

(1) Rules of court must prescribe the period (the relevant period) within which the High Court must begin to hear an appeal under section 103, 105, 108 or 110.

(2) The High Court must begin to hear the appeal before the end of the relevant period.

(3) The High Court may extend the relevant period if it believes it to be in the interests of justice to do so; and this subsection may apply more than once.

(4) The power in subsection (3) may be exercised even after the end of the relevant period.

(5) If subsection (2) is not complied with and the appeal is under section 103 or 108—

(a) the appeal must be taken to have been allowed by a decision of the High Court;

(b) the person whose extradition has been ordered must be taken to have been discharged by the High Court;

(6) If subsection (2) is not complied with and the appeal is under section 105 or 110 the appeal must be taken to have been dismissed by a decision of the High Court.

Appeal to House of Lords

114

(1) An appeal lies to the Supreme Court from a decision of the High Court on an appeal under section 103, 105, 108 or 110.

(2) An appeal under this section lies at the instance of—

(a) the person whose extradition is requested;

(b) a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory.

(3) An appeal under this section lies only with the leave of the High Court or the Supreme Court.

(4) Leave to appeal under this section must not be granted unless—

(a) the High Court has certified that there is a point of law of general public importance involved in the decision, and

(b) it appears to the court granting leave that the point is one which ought to be considered by the Supreme Court.

(5) An application to the High Court for leave to appeal under this section must be made before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which the court makes its decision on the appeal to it.

(6) An application to the Supreme Court for leave to appeal under this section must be made before the end of the permitted period, which is 14 days starting with the day on which the High Court refuses leave to appeal.

(7) If leave to appeal under this section is granted, the appeal must be brought before the end of the permitted period, which is 28 days starting with the day on which leave is granted.

(8) If subsection (7) is not complied with—

(a) the appeal must be taken to have been brought;

(b) the appeal must be taken to have been dismissed by the Supreme Court immediately after the end of the period permitted under that subsection.

(9) These must be ignored for the purposes of subsection (8)(b)—

(a) any power of a court to extend the period permitted for bringing the appeal;

(b) any power of a court to grant leave to take a step out of time.

(10) The High Court may grant bail to a person appealing under this section, or applying for leave to appeal under this section, against the dismissal of his appeal under section 103 or 108.

(11) Section 5 of the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 (c. 59) (composition of House of Lords for hearing and determination of appeals) applies in relation to an appeal under this section or an application for leave to appeal under this section as it applies in relation to an appeal under that Act.

(12) An order of the House of Lords which provides for an application for leave to appeal under this section to be determined by a committee constituted in accordance with section 5 of the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 may direct that the decision of the committee is taken on behalf of the House.

(13) The preceding provisions of this section do not apply to Scotland.

Powers of House of Lords on appeal under section 114

115

(1) On an appeal under section 114 the Supreme Court may—

(a) allow the appeal;

(b) dismiss the appeal.

(2) Subsection (3) applies if—

(a) the person whose extradition is requested brings an appeal under section 114, and

(b) the Supreme Court allows the appeal.

(3) The Supreme Court must—

(a) order the person’s discharge;

(b) quash the order for his extradition, if the appeal was against a decision of the High Court to dismiss an appeal under section 103 or 108 or to allow an appeal under section 110.

(4) Subsection (5) applies if—

(a) the High Court allows an appeal under section 103 or 108 by the person whose extradition is requested or dismisses an appeal under section 110 by a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory,

(b) a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory brings an appeal under section 114 against the decision of the High Court, and

(5) The Supreme Court must—

(a) quash the order discharging the person made by the High Court under section 104(5) or 109(5) or by the Secretary of State under this Part;

(b) order the person to be extradited to the category 2 territory.

(6) Subsection (7) applies if—

(a) the High Court dismisses an appeal under section 105 against a decision made by the judge at the extradition hearing,

(b) a person acting on behalf of the category 2 territory brings an appeal under section 114 against the decision of the High Court, and

(7) The Supreme Court must—

(a) quash the order of the judge discharging the person whose extradition is requested;

(b) remit the case to the judge;

(c) direct him to proceed as he would have been required to do if he had decided the relevant question differently at the extradition hearing.

(8) A question is the relevant question if the judge’s decision on it resulted in the order for the person’s discharge.

(9) In a case where subsection (5) or (7) applies, the Supreme Court must remand, in custody or on bail, the person whose extradition is requested.

(10) If the Supreme Court remands the person in custody the High Court may later grant bail.

Appeals: general

116

(1) A decision under this Part of the judge or the Secretary of State may be questioned in legal proceedings only by means of an appeal under this Part.

(2) Subsection (1) does not prevent an appeal against a determination of a devolution issue.

(3) In this Part “ devolution issue ” has the same meaning as in Schedule 6 to the Scotland Act 1998.

Time for extradition

Extradition where no appeal

117

(1) This section applies if the Secretary of State orders a person’s extradition to a category 2 territory under this Part and either—

(a) no notice of application for leave to appeal under section 103 or 108 is given before the end of the permitted period, or

(b) notice is given during that period but the High Court refuses leave to appeal to it.

(2) The person must be extradited to the category 2 territory before the end of the required period, which is 28 days starting with —

(a) the day on which the Secretary of State makes the extradition order (where subsection (1)(a) applies and no order is made under section 118A or 118B),

(b) the day on which the decision of the High Court refusing leave to appeal to it becomes final (where subsection (1)(b) applies and no order is made under section 118A or 118B), or

(c) the earliest day on which the extradition order may be carried out (where an order is made under section 118A or 118B).

(2A) The decision of the High Court refusing leave to appeal to it becomes final when, in accordance with rules of court, there is no further step that can be taken in relation to the application for leave to appeal.

(3) If subsection (2) is not complied with and the person applies to the appropriate judge to be discharged the judge must order his discharge, unless reasonable cause is shown for the delay.

(4) These must be ignored for the purposes of subsections (1) to (2A)—

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