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The Criminal Procedure Rules 2015

Type Statutory-Instrument

Publication 2015-07-03

Last updated 2020-10-05

State In force

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(i) the date on which the defendant ceased to be an absconder,

(ii) the date on which the proceedings taken against the defendant were instituted and a summary of steps taken in the proceedings since then, and

(iii) any indication that the prosecutor does not intend to proceed against the defendant.

(3) The application and witness statement must be served on the court officer.

(4) The application and witness statement must be served on the prosecutor at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the court specifies a shorter period.

(5) If the court orders the discharge of the confiscation order, the court officer must serve notice on any other court responsible for enforcing the order.

[Note. See section 30 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00683].]

Application for increase in term of imprisonment in default

33.21

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) a court varies a confiscation order; and

(b) the prosecutor wants the court in consequence to increase the term of imprisonment to be served in default of payment.

(2) The application must be made in writing and give details of—

(a) the name and address of the defendant;

(b) the confiscation order;

(d) the enforcement measures taken, if any.

(3) On receipt of the application, the court officer must—

(a) at once, send to the defendant and any other court responsible for enforcing the order, a copy of the application; and

(b) fix a time, date and place for the hearing and notify the applicant and the defendant of that time, date and place.

(4) If the court makes an order increasing the term of imprisonment in default, the court officer must, at once, send a copy of the order to—

(a) the applicant;

(b) the defendant;

(c) where the defendant is in custody at the time of the making of the order, the person having custody of the defendant; and

(d) any other court responsible for enforcing the order.

[Note. See section 39(5) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00684].]

Compensation – general

33.22

(1) This rule applies where a person who held realisable property wants the court to award compensation for loss suffered in consequence of anything done in relation to that property in connection with confiscation proceedings.

(2) The application must be in writing and may be supported by a witness statement.

(3) The application and any witness statement must be served on the court officer.

(4) The application and any witness statement must be served on—

(a) the person alleged to be in default; and

(b) the person or authority by whom the compensation would be payable,

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the court directs otherwise.

[Note. See section 72 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00685].]

Compensation – confiscation order made against absconder

33.23

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) the court varies or discharges a confiscation order made against an absconder;

(b) a person who held realisable property suffered loss as a result of the making of that confiscation order; and

(2) The application must be in writing and supported by a witness statement which must give details of—

(a) the confiscation order;

(b) the variation or discharge of the confiscation order;

(d) the loss suffered by the applicant as a result of the confiscation order.

(3) The application and witness statement must be served on the court officer.

(4) The application and witness statement must be served on the prosecutor at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the court specifies a shorter period.

[Note. See section 73 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00686].]

Payment of money in bank or building society account in satisfaction of confiscation order

33.24

(1) An order under section 67 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00687] requiring a bank or building society to pay money to a magistrates’ court officer (‘a payment order’) shall—

(a) be directed to the bank or building society in respect of which the payment order is made;

(b) name the person against whom the confiscation order has been made;

(d) state the name and address of the branch at which the account in which the money ordered to be paid is held and the sort code of that branch, if the sort code is known;

(e) state the name in which the account in which the money ordered to be paid is held and the account number of that account, if the account number is known;

(f) state the amount which the bank or building society is required to pay to the court officer under the payment order;

(g) give the name and address of the court officer to whom payment is to be made; and

(h) require the bank or building society to make payment within a period of 7 days beginning on the day on which the payment order is made, unless it appears to the court that a longer or shorter period would be appropriate in the particular circumstances.

(2) In this rule ‘confiscation order’ has the meaning given to it by section 88(6) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002.

Application to realise seized property

33.25

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) property is held by a defendant against whom a confiscation order has been made;

(b) the property has been seized by or produced to an officer; and

(i) to make an order under section 67A of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00688] authorising the realisation of the property towards satisfaction of the confiscation order, or

(ii) to determine any storage, insurance or realisation costs in respect of the property which may be recovered under section 67B of the 2002 Act[^f00689].

(2) Such an officer must—

(a) apply in writing; and

(b) serve the application on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) any person whom the applicant believes would be affected by an order.

(3) The application must—

(a) specify the property;

(b) explain—

(i) the applicant’s entitlement to apply,

(ii) how the proposed realisation meets the conditions prescribed by section 67A of the 2002 Act, and

(iii) how any storage, etc. costs have been calculated;

(d) propose the terms of the order.

(4) The court may—

(a) determine the application at a hearing, or without a hearing;

(b) consider an application made orally instead of in writing;

(5) If the court authorises the realisation of the property, the applicant must—

(a) notify any person affected by the order who was absent when it was made; and

(b) serve on the court officer a list of those so notified.

[Note. Under section 67A of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, one of the officers listed in section 41A of the Act may apply to a magistrates’ court for authority to realise property seized by such an officer if—

(a) a confiscation order has been made against the owner of the property;

(b) no receiver has been appointed in relation to that property; and

Appeal about decision on application to realise seized property

33.26

(1) This rule applies where on an application under rule 33.25 for an order authorising the realisation of property—

(a) a magistrates’ court decides not to make such an order and an officer who is entitled to apply wants to appeal against that decision to the Crown Court, under section 67C(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00690];

(b) a magistrates’ court makes such an order and a person who is affected by that decision, other than the defendant against whom the confiscation order was made, wants to appeal against it to the Crown Court, under section 67C(2) of the 2002 Act;

(c) a magistrates’ court makes a decision about storage, etc. costs and an officer who is entitled to apply wants to appeal against that decision to the Crown Court, under section 67C(4) of the 2002 Act.

(2) The appellant must serve an appeal notice—

(a) on the Crown Court officer and on any other party;

(b) not more than 21 days after the magistrates’ court’s decision, or, if applicable, service of notice under rule 33.25(5).

(3) The appeal notice must—

(a) specify the decision under appeal;

(b) where paragraph (1)(a) applies, explain why the property should be realised;

(4) Rule 34.11 (Constitution of the Crown Court) applies on such an appeal.

[Note. Under section 67C of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, an officer entitled to apply for an order under section 67A or 67B of that Act (authority to realise seized property towards satisfaction of a confiscation order; determination of storage, etc. costs) may appeal against a refusal to make an order, or against a costs determination; and a person affected by an order, other than the owner, may appeal against the order.]

Application for direction about surplus proceeds

33.27

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) on an application under rule 33.25, a magistrates’ court has made an order authorising an officer to realise property;

(b) an officer so authorised holds proceeds of that realisation;

(d) the officer, or a person who had or has an interest in the property represented by the proceeds, wants a magistrates’ court or the Crown Court to determine under section 67D of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00691]—

(i) to whom the remaining proceeds should be paid, and

(ii) in what amount or amounts.

(2) Such a person must—

(a) apply in writing; and

(b) serve the application on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) as appropriate, the officer holding the proceeds, or any person to whom such proceeds might be paid.

(3) The application must—

(a) specify the property which was realised;

(b) explain the applicant’s entitlement to apply;

(d) attach any material on which the applicant relies; and

(e) ask for a hearing, if the applicant wants one, and explain why it is needed.

(4) A person who wants to make representations about the application must—

(a) serve the representations on—

(i) the court officer,

(ii) the applicant, and

(iii) any other person to whom proceeds might be paid;

(b) do so as soon as reasonably practicable after service of the application;

(d) ask for a hearing, if that person wants one, and explain why it is needed.

(5) The court—

(a) must not determine the application unless the applicant and each person on whom it was served—

(i) is present, or

(ii) has had an opportunity to attend or to make representations;

(b) subject to that, may determine the application—

(i) at a hearing (which must be in private unless the court otherwise directs), or without a hearing,

(ii) in the absence of any party to the application.

[Note. Under section 67D of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, a magistrates’ court or the Crown Court may determine to whom, and in what proportions, any surplus proceeds of realisation must be distributed. Once a magistrates’ court has made such a determination, the Crown Court may not do so, and vice versa.]

SEIZURE AND DETENTION PROCEEDINGS

Application for approval to seize property or to search

33.28

(1) This rule applies where an officer who is entitled to apply wants the approval of a magistrates’ court, under section 47G of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00692]—

(a) to seize property, under section 47C of that Act[^f00693];

(b) to search premises or a person or vehicle for property to be seized, under section 47D, 47E or 47F of that Act[^f00694].

(2) Such an officer must—

(a) apply in writing; and

(b) serve the application on the court officer.

(3) The application must—

(a) explain—

(i) the applicant’s entitlement to apply, and

(ii) how the proposed seizure meets the conditions prescribed by sections 47B, 47C and, if applicable, 47D, 47E or 47F of the 2002 Act[^f00695];

(b) if applicable, specify any premises, person or vehicle to be searched;

(d) propose the terms in which the applicant wants the court to give its approval.

(4) The court—

(a) must determine the application—

(i) at a hearing, which must be in private unless the court otherwise directs, and

(ii) in the applicant’s presence;

(b) may consider an application made orally instead of in writing.

[Note. Under section 47C of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, if any of the conditions listed in section 47B of the Act are met then one of the officers listed in section 47A may seize property other than cash or exempt property, as defined in the section, if that officer has reasonable grounds for suspecting that—

(a) the property may otherwise be made unavailable for satisfying any confiscation order that has been or may be made against a defendant; or

(b) the value of the property may otherwise be diminished as a result of conduct by the defendant or any other person.

Application to extend detention period

33.29

(1) This rule applies where an officer who is entitled to apply, or the prosecutor, wants a magistrates’ court to make an order, under section 47M of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00696], extending the period for which seized property may be detained.

(2) Such an officer or prosecutor must—

(a) apply in writing; and

(b) serve the application on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) any person whom the applicant believes would be affected by an order.

(3) The application must—

(a) specify—

(i) the property to be detained, and

(ii) whether the applicant wants it to be detained for a specified period or indefinitely;

(b) explain—

(i) the applicant’s entitlement to apply, and

(ii) how the proposed detention meets the conditions prescribed by section 47M of the 2002 Act;

(d) propose the terms of the order.

(4) The court—

(a) must determine the application—

(i) at a hearing, which must be in private unless the court otherwise directs, and

(ii) in the applicant’s presence;

(b) may—

(i) consider an application made orally instead of in writing,

(ii) require service of the application on the court officer after it has been heard, instead of before.

(5) If the court extends the period for which the property may be detained, the applicant must—

(a) notify any person affected by the order who was absent when it was made; and

(b) serve on the court officer a list of those so notified.

[Note. Under section 47M of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, one of the officers listed in that section, or the prosecutor, may apply to a magistrates’ court for an order extending the period of 48 hours for which, under section 47J of the Act[^f00697], property seized under section 47C may be detained.

Application to vary or discharge order for extended detention

33.30

(1) This rule applies where an officer who is entitled to apply, the prosecutor, or a person affected by an order to which rule 33.29 applies, wants a magistrates’ court to vary or discharge that order, under section 47N of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00699].

(2) Such a person must—

(a) apply in writing; and

(b) serve the application on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) as appropriate, the applicant for the order, or any person affected by the order.

(3) The application must—

(a) specify the order and the property detained;

(b) explain—

(i) the applicant’s entitlement to apply,

(ii) why it is appropriate for the order to be varied or discharged,

(iii) if applicable, on what grounds the court must discharge the order;

(d) if applicable, propose the terms of any variation; and

(e) ask for a hearing, if the applicant wants one, and explain why it is needed.

(4) A person who wants to make representations about the application must—

(a) serve the representations on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) the applicant;

(b) do so as soon as reasonably practicable after service of the application;

(d) ask for a hearing, if that person wants one, and explain why it is needed.

(5) The court—

(a) must not determine the application unless the applicant and each person on whom it was served—

(i) is present, or

(ii) has had an opportunity to attend or to make representations;

(b) subject to that, may determine the application—

(i) at a hearing (which must be in private unless the court otherwise directs), or without a hearing,

(ii) in the absence of any party to the application.

[Note. Under section 47N of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, one of the officers listed in section 47M of the Act, the prosecutor, or a person affected by an order under section 47M, may apply to a magistrates’ court for the order to be varied or discharged. Section 47N(3) lists the circumstances in which the court must discharge such an order.

Appeal about property detention decision

33.31

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) on an application under rule 33.29 for an order extending the period for which property may be detained—

(i) a magistrates’ court decides not to make such an order, and

(ii) an officer who is entitled to apply for such an order, or the prosecutor, wants to appeal against that decision to the Crown Court under section 47O(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00700];

(b) on an application under rule 33.30 to vary or discharge an order under rule 33.29—

(i) a magistrates’ court determines the application, and

(ii) a person who is entitled to apply under that rule wants to appeal against that decision to the Crown Court under section 47O(2) of the 2002 Act.

(2) The appellant must serve an appeal notice—

(a) on the Crown Court officer and on any other party;

(b) not more than 21 days after the magistrates’ court’s decision, or, if applicable, service of notice under rule 33.29(5).

(3) The appeal notice must—

(a) specify the decision under appeal;

(b) where paragraph (1)(a) applies, explain why the detention period should be extended;

(4) Rule 34.11 (Constitution of the Crown Court) applies on such an appeal.

[Note. Under section 47O of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, one of those entitled to apply for an order under section 47M of that Act (extension of detention of property) may appeal against a refusal to make an order, and one of those entitled to apply for the variation or discharge of such an order, under section 47N of that Act, may appeal against the decision on such an application.

RESTRAINT AND RECEIVERSHIP PROCEEDINGS: RULES THAT APPLY GENERALLY

Taking control of goods and forfeiture

33.32

(1) This rule applies to applications under sections 58(2) and (3) and 59(2) and (3) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00701] for leave of the Crown Court to take control of goods or levy distress against property, or to exercise a right of forfeiture by peaceable re-entry in relation to a tenancy, in circumstances where the property or tenancy is the subject of a restraint order or a receiver has been appointed in respect of the property or tenancy.

(2) The application must be made in writing to the Crown Court.

(3) The application must be served on—

(a) the person who applied for the restraint order or the order appointing the receiver; and

(b) any receiver appointed in respect of the property or tenancy,

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

Joining of applications

33.33

An application for the appointment of a management receiver or enforcement receiver under rule 33.56 may be joined with—

(a) an application for a restraint order under rule 33.51; and

(b) an application for the conferral of powers on the receiver under rule 33.57.

Applications to be dealt with in writing

33.34

Applications in restraint proceedings and receivership proceedings are to be dealt with without a hearing, unless the Crown Court orders otherwise.

Business in chambers

33.35

Restraint proceedings and receivership proceedings may be heard in chambers.

Power of court to control evidence

33.36

(1) When hearing restraint proceedings and receivership proceedings, the Crown Court may control the evidence by giving directions as to—

(a) the issues on which it requires evidence;

(b) the nature of the evidence which it requires to decide those issues; and

(2) The court may use its power under this rule to exclude evidence that would otherwise be admissible.

(3) The court may limit cross-examination in restraint proceedings and receivership proceedings.

Evidence of witnesses

33.37

(1) The general rule is that, unless the Crown Court orders otherwise, any fact which needs to be proved in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings by the evidence of a witness is to be proved by their evidence in writing.

(2) Where evidence is to be given in writing under this rule, any party may apply to the Crown Court for permission to cross-examine the person giving the evidence.

(3) If the Crown Court gives permission under paragraph (2) but the person in question does not attend as required by the order, his evidence may not be used unless the court gives permission.

Witness summons

33.38

(1) Any party to restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings may apply to the Crown Court to issue a witness summons requiring a witness to—

(a) attend court to give evidence; or

(b) produce documents to the court.

(2) Rule 17.3 (Application for summons, warrant or order: general rules) applies to an application under this rule as it applies to an application under section 2 of the Criminal Procedure (Attendance of Witnesses) Act 1965[^f00702].

Hearsay evidence

33.39

Section 2(1) of the Civil Evidence Act 1995[^f00703] (duty to give notice of intention to rely on hearsay evidence) does not apply to evidence in restraint proceedings and receivership proceedings.

Disclosure and inspection of documents

33.40

(1) This rule applies where, in the course of restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings, an issue arises as to whether property is realisable property.

(2) The Crown Court may make an order for disclosure of documents.

(3) Part 31 of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998[^f00704] as amended from time to time shall have effect as if the proceedings were proceedings in the High Court.

Court documents

33.41

(1) Any order which the Crown Court issues in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings must—

(a) state the name and judicial title of the person who made it;

(b) bear the date on which it is made; and

(2) The Crown Court may place the seal on the order—

(a) by hand; or

(b) by printing a facsimile of the seal on the order whether electronically or otherwise.

(3) A document purporting to bear the court’s seal shall be admissible in evidence without further proof.

33.42

(1) This rule applies where all the parties to restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings agree the terms in which an order should be made.

(2) Any party may apply for a judgment or order in the terms agreed.

(3) The Crown Court may deal with an application under paragraph (2) without a hearing.

(4) Where this rule applies—

(a) the order which is agreed by the parties must be drawn up in the terms agreed;

(b) it must be expressed as being ‘By Consent’; and

(c) it must be signed by the legal representative acting for each of the parties to whom the order relates or by the party if he is a litigant in person.

(5) Where an application is made under this rule, then the requirements of any other rule as to the procedure for making an application do not apply.

Slips and omissions

33.43

(1) The Crown Court may at any time correct an accidental slip or omission in an order made in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings.

(2) A party may apply for a correction without notice.

Supply of documents from court records

33.44

(1) No document relating to restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings may be supplied from the records of the Crown Court for any person to inspect or copy unless the Crown Court grants permission.

(2) An application for permission under paragraph (1) must be made on notice to the parties to the proceedings.

Disclosure of documents in criminal proceedings

33.45

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) proceedings for an offence have been started in the Crown Court and the defendant has not been either convicted or acquitted on all counts; and

(b) an application for a restraint order under section 42(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 has been made.

(2) The judge presiding at the proceedings for the offence may be supplied from the records of the Crown Court with documents relating to restraint proceedings and any receivership proceedings.

(3) Such documents must not otherwise be disclosed in the proceedings for the offence.

Preparation of documents

33.46

(1) Every order in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings must be drawn up by the Crown Court unless—

(a) the Crown Court orders a party to draw it up;

(b) a party, with the permission of the Crown Court, agrees to draw it up; or

(2) The Crown Court may direct that—

(a) an order drawn up by a party must be checked by the Crown Court before it is sealed; or

(b) before an order is drawn up by the Crown Court, the parties must lodge an agreed statement of its terms.

(3) Where an order is to be drawn up by a party—

(a) he must lodge it with the Crown Court no later than 7 days after the date on which the court ordered or permitted him to draw it up so that it can be sealed by the Crown Court; and

(b) if he fails to lodge it within that period, any other party may draw it up and lodge it.

(4) Nothing in this rule shall require the Crown Court to accept a document which is illegible, has not been duly authorised, or is unsatisfactory for some other similar reason.

Order for costs

33.47

(1) This rule applies where the Crown Court is deciding whether to make an order for costs in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings.

(2) The court has discretion as to—

(a) whether costs are payable by one party to another;

(b) the amount of those costs; and

(3) If the court decides to make an order about costs—

(a) the general rule is that the unsuccessful party must be ordered to pay the costs of the successful party; but

(b) the court may make a different order.

(4) In deciding what order (if any) to make about costs, the court must have regard to all of the circumstances, including—

(a) the conduct of all the parties; and

(b) whether a party has succeeded on part of an application, even if he has not been wholly successful.

(5) The orders which the court may make include an order that a party must pay—

(a) a proportion of another party’s costs;

(b) a stated amount in respect of another party’s costs;

(d) costs incurred before proceedings have begun;

(e) costs relating to particular steps taken in the proceedings;

(f) costs relating only to a distinct part of the proceedings; and

(g) interest on costs from or until a certain date, including a date before the making of an order.

(6) Where the court would otherwise consider making an order under paragraph (5)(f), it must instead, if practicable, make an order under paragraph (5)(a) or (c).

(7) Where the court has ordered a party to pay costs, it may order an amount to be paid on account before the costs are assessed.

[Note. See section 52 of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00705].]

Assessment of costs

33.48

(1) Where the Crown Court has made an order for costs in restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings it may either—

(a) make an assessment of the costs itself; or

(b) order assessment of the costs under rule 45.11.

(2) In either case, the Crown Court or the assessing authority, as the case may be, must—

(a) only allow costs which are proportionate to the matters in issue; and

(b) resolve any doubt which it may have as to whether the costs were reasonably incurred or reasonable and proportionate in favour of the paying party.

(3) The Crown Court or the assessing authority, as the case may be, is to have regard to all the circumstances in deciding whether costs were proportionately or reasonably incurred or proportionate and reasonable in amount.

(4) In particular, the Crown Court or the assessing authority must give effect to any orders which have already been made.

(5) The Crown Court or the assessing authority must also have regard to—

(a) the conduct of all the parties, including in particular, conduct before, as well as during, the proceedings;

(b) the amount or value of the property involved;

(d) the particular complexity of the matter or the difficulty or novelty of the questions raised;

(e) the skill, effort, specialised knowledge and responsibility involved;

(f) the time spent on the application; and

(g) the place where and the circumstances in which work or any part of it was done.

Time for complying with an order for costs

33.49

A party to restraint proceedings or receivership proceedings must comply with an order for the payment of costs within 14 days of—

(a) the date of the order if it states the amount of those costs;

(b) if the amount of those costs is decided later under rule 45.11, the date of the assessing authority’s decision; or

Application of costs rules

33.50

Rules 33.47, 33.48 and 33.49 do not apply to the assessment of costs in proceedings to the extent that section 11 of the Access to Justice Act 1999[^f00706] applies and provisions made under that Act make different provision.

RESTRAINT PROCEEDINGS

Application for restraint order or ancillary order

33.51

(1) This rule applies where the prosecutor, or an accredited financial investigator, makes an application under section 42 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00707] for—

(a) a restraint order, under section 41(1) of the 2002 Act; or

(b) an ancillary order, under section 41(7) of that Act, for the purpose of ensuring that a restraint order is effective.

(2) The application may be made without notice if the application is urgent or if there are reasonable grounds for believing that giving notice would cause the dissipation of realisable property which is the subject of the application.

(3) An application for a restraint order must be in writing and supported by a witness statement which must—

(a) give the grounds for the application;

(b) to the best of the witness’ ability, give full details of the realisable property in respect of which the applicant is seeking the order and specify the person holding that realisable property;

(4) An application for an ancillary order must be in writing and supported by a witness statement which must—

(a) give the grounds for, and full details of, the application;

(b) include, if appropriate—

(i) any request for an order for disclosure of documents to which rule 33.40 applies (Disclosure and inspection of documents),

(ii) the identity of any person whom the applicant wants the court to examine about the extent or whereabouts of realisable property,

(iii) a list of the main questions that the applicant wants to ask any such person, and

(iv) a list of any documents to which the applicant wants to refer such a person; and

(5) An application for a restraint order and an application for an ancillary order may (but need not) be made at the same time and contained in the same documents.

(6) An application by an accredited financial investigator must include a statement that, under section 68 of the 2002 Act[^f00708], the applicant has authority to apply.

Restraint and ancillary orders

33.52

(1) The Crown Court may make a restraint order subject to exceptions, including, but not limited to, exceptions for reasonable living expenses and reasonable legal expenses, and for the purpose of enabling any person to carry on any trade, business or occupation.

(2) But the Crown Court must not make an exception for legal expenses where this is prohibited by section 41(4) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002.

(3) An exception to a restraint order may be made subject to conditions.

(4) The Crown Court must not require the applicant for a restraint order to give any undertaking relating to damages sustained as a result of the restraint order by a person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order.

(5) The Crown Court may require the applicant for a restraint order to give an undertaking to pay the reasonable expenses of any person, other than a person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order, which are incurred in complying with the restraint order.

(6) An order must include a statement that disobedience of the order, either by a person to whom the order is addressed, or by another person, may be contempt of court and the order must include details of the possible consequences of being held in contempt of court.

(7) Unless the Crown Court otherwise directs, an order made without notice has effect until the court makes an order varying or discharging it.

(8) The applicant for an order must—

(a) serve copies of the order and of the witness statement made in support of the application on the defendant and any person who is prohibited by the order from dealing with realisable property; and

(b) notify any person whom the applicant knows to be affected by the order of its terms.

Application for discharge or variation of restraint or ancillary order by a person affected by the order

33.53

(1) This rule applies where a person affected by a restraint order makes an application to the Crown Court under section 42(3) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 to discharge or vary the restraint order or any ancillary order made under section 41(7) of the Act.

(2) The application must be in writing and may be supported by a witness statement.

(3) The application and any witness statement must be lodged with the Crown Court.

(4) The application and any witness statement must be served on the person who applied for the restraint order and any person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order (if he is not the person making the application) at least 2 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

Application for variation of restraint or ancillary order by the person who applied for the order

33.54

(1) This rule applies where the applicant for a restraint order makes an application under section 42(3) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 to the Crown Court to vary the restraint order or any ancillary order made under section 41(7) of the 2002 Act (including where the court has already made a restraint order and the applicant is seeking to vary the order in order to restrain further realisable property).

(2) The application may be made without notice if the application is urgent or if there are reasonable grounds for believing that giving notice would cause the dissipation of realisable property which is the subject of the application.

(3) The application must be in writing and must be supported by a witness statement which must—

(a) give the grounds for the application;

(b) where the application is for the inclusion of further realisable property in a restraint order give full details, to the best of the witness’s ability, of the realisable property in respect of which the applicant is seeking the order and specify the person holding that realisable property;

(i) any request for an order for disclosure of documents to which rule 33.40 applies (Disclosure and inspection of documents),

(ii) the identity of any person whom the applicant wants the court to examine about the extent or whereabouts of realisable property,

(iii) a list of the main questions that the applicant wants to ask any such person, and

(iv) a list of any documents to which the applicant wants to refer such a person; and

(d) include the proposed terms of the variation.

(4) An application by an accredited financial investigator must include a statement that, under section 68 of the 2002 Act, the applicant has authority to apply.

(5) The application and witness statement must be lodged with the Crown Court.

(6) Except where, under paragraph (2), notice of the application is not required to be served, the application and witness statement must be served on any person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order at least 2 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

(7) If the court makes an order for the variation of a restraint or ancillary order, the applicant must serve copies of the order and of the witness statement made in support of the application on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order (whether before or after the variation); and

Application for discharge of restraint or ancillary order by the person who applied for the order

33.55

(1) This rule applies where the applicant for a restraint order makes an application under section 42(3) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 to discharge the order or any ancillary order made under section 41(7) of the 2002 Act.

(2) The application may be made without notice.

(3) The application must be in writing and must state the grounds for the application.

(4) If the court makes an order for the discharge of a restraint or ancillary order, the applicant must serve copies of the order on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who is prohibited from dealing with realisable property by the restraint order (whether before or after the discharge); and

RECEIVERSHIP PROCEEDINGS

Application for appointment of a management or an enforcement receiver

33.56

(1) This rule applies to an application for the appointment of a management receiver under section 48(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002[^f00709] and an application for the appointment of an enforcement receiver under section 50(1) of the 2002 Act.

(2) The application may be made without notice if—

(a) the application is joined with an application for a restraint order under rule 33.51 (Application for restraint order or ancillary order);

(b) the application is urgent; or

(c) there are reasonable grounds for believing that giving notice would cause the dissipation of realisable property which is the subject of the application.

(3) The application must be in writing and must be supported by a witness statement which must—

(a) give the grounds for the application;

(b) give full details of the proposed receiver;

(c) to the best of the witness’ ability, give full details of the realisable property in respect of which the applicant is seeking the order and specify the person holding that realisable property;

(d) where the application is made by an accredited financial investigator, include a statement that, under section 68 of the 2002 Act, the applicant has authority to apply; and

(e) if the proposed receiver is not a person falling within section 55(8) of the 2002 Act[^f00710] and the applicant is asking the court to allow the receiver to act—

(i) without giving security, or

(ii) before he has given security or satisfied the court that he has security in place,

explain the reasons why that is necessary.

(4) Where the application is for the appointment of an enforcement receiver, the applicant must provide the Crown Court with a copy of the confiscation order made against the defendant.

(5) The application and witness statement must be lodged with the Crown Court.

(6) Except where, under paragraph (2), notice of the application is not required to be served, the application and witness statement must be lodged with the Crown Court and served on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who holds realisable property to which the application relates; and

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

(7) If the court makes an order for the appointment of a receiver, the applicant must serve copies of the order and of the witness statement made in support of the application on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who holds realisable property to which the order applies; and

Application for conferral of powers on a management receiver or an enforcement receiver

33.57

(1) This rule applies to an application for the conferral of powers on a management receiver under section 49(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 or an enforcement receiver under section 51(1) of the 2002 Act.

(2) The application may be made without notice if the application is to give the receiver power to take possession of property and—

(a) the application is joined with an application for a restraint order under rule 33.51 (Application for restraint order or ancillary order);

(b) the application is urgent; or

(c) there are reasonable grounds for believing that giving notice would cause the dissipation of the property which is the subject of the application.

(3) The application must be made in writing and supported by a witness statement which must—

(a) give the grounds for the application;

(b) give full details of the realisable property in respect of which the applicant is seeking the order and specify the person holding that realisable property;

(c) where the application is made by an accredited financial investigator, include a statement that, under section 68 of the 2002 Act, the applicant has authority to apply; and

(d) where the application is for power to start, carry on or defend legal proceedings in respect of the property, explain—

(i) what proceedings are concerned, in what court, and

(ii) what powers the receiver will ask that court to exercise.

(4) Where the application is for the conferral of powers on an enforcement receiver, the applicant must provide the Crown Court with a copy of the confiscation order made against the defendant.

(5) The application and witness statement must be lodged with the Crown Court.

(6) Except where, under paragraph (2), notice of the application is not required to be served, the application and witness statement must be served on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who holds realisable property in respect of which a receiver has been appointed or in respect of which an application for a receiver has been made;

(d) the receiver (if one has already been appointed),

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

(7) If the court makes an order for the conferral of powers on a receiver, the applicant must serve copies of the order on—

(a) the defendant;

(b) any person who holds realisable property in respect of which the receiver has been appointed; and

Applications for discharge or variation of receivership orders, and applications for other orders

33.58

(1) This rule applies to applications under section 62(3) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 for orders (by persons affected by the action of receivers) and applications under section 63(1) of the 2002 Act[^f00711] for the discharge or variation of orders relating to receivers.

(2) The application must be made in writing and lodged with the Crown Court.

(3) The application must be served on the following persons (except where they are the person making the application)—

(a) the person who applied for appointment of the receiver;

(b) the defendant;

(d) the receiver; and

(e) any other person whom the applicant knows to be affected by the application,

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

(4) If the court makes an order for the discharge or variation of an order relating to a receiver under section 63(2) of the 2002 Act, the applicant must serve copies of the order on any persons whom he knows to be affected by the order.

Sums in the hands of receivers

33.59

(1) This rule applies where the amount payable under a confiscation order has been fully paid and any sums remain in the hands of an enforcement receiver.

(2) The receiver must make an application to the Crown Court for directions as to the distribution of the sums in his hands.

(3) The application and any evidence which the receiver intends to rely on in support of the application must be served on—

(a) the defendant; and

(b) any other person who held (or holds) interests in any property realised by the receiver,

at least 7 days before the date fixed by the court for hearing the application, unless the Crown Court specifies a shorter period.

(4) If any of the provisions listed in paragraph (5) (provisions as to the vesting of funds in a trustee in bankruptcy) apply, then the Crown Court must make a declaration to that effect.

(5) These are the provisions—

(a) section 31B of the Bankruptcy (Scotland) Act 1985[^f00712];

(b) section 306B of the Insolvency Act 1986[^f00713]; and

Security

33.60

(1) This rule applies where the Crown Court appoints a receiver under section 48 or 50 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 and the receiver is not a person falling within section 55(8) of the 2002 Act[^f00715] (and it is immaterial whether the receiver is a permanent or temporary member of staff or on secondment from elsewhere).

(2) The Crown Court may direct that before the receiver begins to act, or within a specified time, he must either—

(a) give such security as the Crown Court may determine; or

(b) file with the Crown Court and serve on all parties to any receivership proceedings evidence that he already has in force sufficient security,

to cover his liability for his acts and omissions as a receiver.

(3) The Crown Court may terminate the appointment of a receiver if he fails to—

(a) give the security; or

(b) satisfy the court as to the security he has in force,

by the date specified.

Remuneration

33.61

(1) This rule applies where the Crown Court appoints a receiver under section 48 or 50 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 and the receiver is not a person falling within section 55(8) of the 2002 Act (and it is immaterial whether the receiver is a permanent or temporary member of staff or on secondment from elsewhere).

(2) The receiver may only charge for his services if the Crown Court—

(a) so directs; and

(b) specifies the basis on which the receiver is to be remunerated.

(3) Unless the Crown Court orders otherwise, in determining the remuneration of the receiver, the Crown Court shall award such sum as is reasonable and proportionate in all the circumstances and which takes into account—

(a) the time properly given by him and his staff to the receivership;

(b) the complexity of the receivership;

(d) the effectiveness with which the receiver appears to be carrying out, or to have carried out, his duties; and

(e) the value and nature of the subject matter of the receivership.

(4) The Crown Court may refer the determination of a receiver’s remuneration to be ascertained by the taxing authority of the Crown Court and rules 45.11 (Assessment and re-assessment) to 45.14 (Application for an extension of time) shall have effect as if the taxing authority was ascertaining costs.

(5) A receiver appointed under section 48 of the 2002 Act is to receive his remuneration by realising property in respect of which he is appointed, in accordance with section 49(2)(d) of the 2002 Act.

(6) A receiver appointed under section 50 of the 2002 Act is to receive his remuneration by applying to the magistrates’ court officer for payment under section 55(4)(b) of the 2002 Act[^f00716].

Accounts

33.62

(1) The Crown Court may order a receiver appointed under section 48 or 50 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 to prepare and serve accounts.

(2) A party to receivership proceedings served with such accounts may apply for an order permitting him to inspect any document in the possession of the receiver relevant to those accounts.

(3) Any party to receivership proceedings may, within 14 days of being served with the accounts, serve notice on the receiver—

(a) specifying any item in the accounts to which he objects;

(b) giving the reason for such objection; and

(i) to notify all the parties who were served with the accounts that he accepts the objection, or

(ii) if he does not accept the objection, to apply for an examination of the accounts in relation to the contested item.

(4) When the receiver applies for the examination of the accounts he must at the same time lodge with the Crown Court—

(a) the accounts; and

(b) a copy of the notice served on him under this section of the rule.

(5) If the receiver fails to comply with paragraph (3)(c) of this rule, any party to receivership proceedings may apply to the Crown Court for an examination of the accounts in relation to the contested item.

(6) At the conclusion of its examination of the accounts the court must certify the result.

Non-compliance by receiver

33.63

(1) If a receiver appointed under section 48 or 50 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 fails to comply with any rule, practice direction or direction of the Crown Court, the Crown Court may order him to attend a hearing to explain his non-compliance.

(2) At the hearing, the Crown Court may make any order it considers appropriate, including—

(a) terminating the appointment of the receiver;

(b) reducing the receiver’s remuneration or disallowing it altogether; and

PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 1988 AND THE DRUG TRAFFICKING ACT 1994

[Note. The relevant provisions of the 1988 and 1994 Acts were repealed on 24th March 2003, but they continue to have effect in respect of proceedings for offences committed before that date.]

Statements, etc. relevant to making confiscation orders

33.64

(1) Where a prosecutor or defendant―

(a) serves on the magistrates’ court officer any statement or other document under section 73 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988[^f00717] in any proceedings in respect of an offence listed in Schedule 4 to that Act; or

(b) serves on the Crown Court officer any statement or other document under section 11 of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00718] or section 73 of the 1988 Act in any proceedings in respect of a drug trafficking offence or in respect of an offence to which Part VI of the 1988 Act applies,

that party must serve a copy as soon as practicable on the defendant or the prosecutor, as the case may be.

(2) Any statement tendered by the prosecutor to the magistrates’ court under section 73 of the 1988 Act or to the Crown Court under section 11(1) of the 1994 Act or section 73(1A) of the 1988 Act must include the following particulars—

(a) the name of the defendant;

(b) the name of the person by whom the statement is made and the date on which it was made;

(c) where the statement is not tendered immediately after the defendant has been convicted, the date on which and the place where the relevant conviction occurred; and

(d) such information known to the prosecutor as is relevant to the determination as to whether or not the defendant has benefited from drug trafficking or relevant criminal conduct and to the assessment of the value of any proceeds of drug trafficking or, as the case may be, benefit from relevant criminal conduct.

(3) Where, in accordance with section 11(7) of the 1994 Act or section 73(1C) of the 1988 Act, the defendant indicates in writing the extent to which he or she accepts any allegation contained within the prosecutor’s statement, the defendant must serve a copy of that reply on the court officer.

(4) Expressions used in this rule have the same meanings as in the 1994 Act or, where appropriate, the 1988 Act.

Postponed determinations

33.65

(1) Where an application is made by the defendant or the prosecutor –

(a) to a magistrates’ court under section 72A(5)(a) of the Criminal Justice Act 1988[^f00719] asking the court to exercise its powers under section 72A(4) of that Act; or

(b) to the Crown Court under section 3(5)(a) of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00720] asking the court to exercise its powers under section 3(4) of that Act, or under section 72A(5)(a) of the 1988 Act asking the court to exercise its powers under section 72A(4) of the 1988 Act,

the application must be in writing and the applicant must serve a copy on the prosecutor or the defendant, as the case may be.

(2) A party served with a copy of an application under paragraph (1) must, within 28 days of the date of service, notify the applicant and the court officer, in writing, whether or not that party opposes the application, giving reasons for any opposition.

(3) After the expiry of the period referred to in paragraph (2), the court may determine an application under paragraph (1)—

(a) without a hearing; or

(b) at a hearing at which the parties may be represented.

Confiscation orders - revised assessments

33.66

(1) Where the prosecutor makes an application under section 13, 14 or 15 of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00721] or section 74A, 74B or 74C of the Criminal Justice Act 1988[^f00722], the application must be in writing and a copy must be served on the defendant.

(2) The application must include the following particulars—

(a) the name of the defendant;

(b) the date on which and the place where any relevant conviction occurred;

(d) the grounds on which the application is made; and

(e) an indication of the evidence available to support the application.

Application to the Crown Court to discharge or vary order to make material available

33.67

(1) Where an order under section 93H of the Criminal Justice Act 1988[^f00723] (order to make material available) or section 55 of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00724] (order to make material available) has been made by the Crown Court, any person affected by it may apply in writing to the court officer for the order to be discharged or varied, and on hearing such an application the court may discharge the order or make such variations to it as the court thinks fit.

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), where a person proposes to make an application under paragraph (1) for the discharge or variation of an order, that person must give a copy of the application, not later than 48 hours before the making of the application—

(a) to a constable at the police station specified in the order; or

(b) to the office of the appropriate officer who made the application, as specified in the order,

in either case together with a notice indicating the time and place at which the application for discharge or variation is to be made.

(3) The court may direct that paragraph (2) need not be complied with if satisfied that the person making the application has good reason to seek a discharge or variation of the order as soon as possible and it is not practicable to comply with that paragraph.

(4) In this rule:

‘constable’ includes a person commissioned by the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs;

‘police station’ includes a place for the time being occupied by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs.

Application to the Crown Court for increase in term of imprisonment in default of payment

33.68

(1) This rule applies to applications made, or that have effect as made, to the Crown Court under section 10 of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00725] and section 75A of the Criminal Justice Act 1988[^f00726] (interest on sums unpaid under confiscation orders).

(2) Notice of an application to which this rule applies to increase the term of imprisonment or detention fixed in default of payment of a confiscation order by a person (‘the defendant’) must be made by the prosecutor in writing to the court officer.

(3) A notice under paragraph (2) shall—

(a) state the name and address of the defendant;

(b) specify the grounds for the application;

(d) include a copy of the confiscation order.

(4) On receiving a notice under paragraph (2), the court officer must—

(a) forthwith send to the defendant and the magistrates’ court required to enforce payment of the confiscation order under section 140(1) of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000[^f00727], a copy of the said notice; and

(b) notify in writing the applicant and the defendant of the date, time and place appointed for the hearing of the application.

(5) Where the Crown Court makes an order pursuant to an application mentioned in paragraph (1) above, the court officer must send forthwith a copy of the order—

(a) to the applicant;

(b) to the defendant;

(c) where the defendant is at the time of the making of the order in custody, to the person having custody of him or her; and

(d) to the magistrates’ court mentioned in paragraph (4)(a).

Drug trafficking – compensation on acquittal in the Crown Court

33.69

Where the Crown Court cancels a confiscation order under section 22(2) of the Drug Trafficking Act 1994[^f00728], the Crown Court officer must serve notice to that effect on the High Court officer and on the court officer of the magistrates’ court which has responsibility for enforcing the order.

CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS

Application to punish for contempt of court

33.70

(1) This rule applies where a person is accused of disobeying—

(a) a compliance order made for the purpose of ensuring that a confiscation order is effective;

(b) a restraint order; or

(2) An applicant who wants the Crown Court to exercise its power to punish that person for contempt of court must comply with the rules in Part 48 (Contempt of court).

[Note. The Crown Court has inherent power to punish for contempt of court a person who disobeys its order: see section 45 of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00729].]

PART 34 — APPEAL TO THE CROWN COURT

Contents of this Part

When this Part applies	rule 34.1
Service of appeal notice	rule 34.2
Form of appeal notice	rule 34.3
Duty of magistrates' court officer	rule 34.4
Duty of person keeping exhibit	rule 34.5
Reference by the Criminal Cases Review Commission	rule 34.6
Application to introduce further evidence	rule 34.7
Hearings and decisions	rule 34.8
Abandoning an appeal	rule 34.9
Court's power to vary requirements under this Part	rule 34.10
Constitution of the Crown Court	rule 34.11

When this Part applies

34.1

(1) This Part applies where—

(a) a defendant wants to appeal under—

(i) section 108 of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980[^f00730],

(ii) section 45 of the Mental Health Act 1983[^f00731],

(iii) paragraph 10 of Schedule 3 to the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000[^f00732], or paragraphs 9(8) or 13(5) of Schedule 8 to the Criminal Justice Act 2003[^f00733],

(iv) section 42 of the Counter Terrorism Act 2008[^f00734];

(b) the Criminal Cases Review Commission refers a defendant’s case to the Crown Court under section 11 of the Criminal Appeal Act 1995[^f00735];

(i) section 14A(5A) of the Football Spectators Act 1989[^f00736], or

(ii) section 147(3) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979[^f00737]; or

(d) a person wants to appeal under—

(i) section 1 of the Magistrates’ Courts (Appeals from Binding Over Orders) Act 1956[^f00738],

(ii) section 12(5) of the Contempt of Court Act 1981[^f00739],

(iii) regulation 3C or 3H of the Costs in Criminal Cases (General) Regulations 1986[^f00740],

(iv) section 22 of the Football Spectators Act 1989[^f00741], or

(v) section 10(4) or (5) of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998[^f00742].

(2) A reference to an ‘appellant’ in this Part is a reference to such a party or person.

[Note. An appeal to the Crown Court is by way of re-hearing: see section 79(3) of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00743]. For the powers of the Crown Court on an appeal, see section 48 of that Act.

Service of appeal notice

34.2

(1) An appellant must serve an appeal notice on—

(a) the magistrates’ court officer; and

(b) every other party.

(2) The appellant must serve the appeal notice—

(a) as soon after the decision appealed against as the appellant wants; but

(b) not more than 21 days after—

(i) sentence or the date sentence is deferred, whichever is earlier, if the appeal is against conviction or against a finding of guilt,

(ii) sentence, if the appeal is against sentence, or

(iii) the order or failure to make an order about which the appellant wants to appeal, in any other case.

(3) The appellant must serve with the appeal notice any application for the following, with reasons—

(a) an extension of the time limit under this rule, if the appeal notice is late;

(b) bail pending appeal, if the appellant is in custody;

(c) the suspension of any disqualification imposed in the case, where the magistrates’ court or the Crown Court can order such a suspension pending appeal.

(4) Where both the magistrates’ court and the Crown Court can suspend a disqualification pending appeal, an application for its suspension must indicate by which court the appellant wants the application determined.

[Note. Under section 1(1) of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000[^f00745], a magistrates’ court may defer passing sentence for up to 6 months.

Form of appeal notice

34.3

The appeal notice must be in writing and must—

(a) specify—

(i) the conviction or finding of guilt,

(ii) the sentence, or

(iii) the order, or the failure to make an order

about which the appellant wants to appeal;

(b) summarise the issues;

(i) identify the prosecution witnesses whom the appellant will want to question if they are called to give oral evidence, and

(ii) say how long the trial lasted in the magistrates’ court and how long the appeal is likely to last in the Crown Court;

(d) in an appeal against a finding that the appellant insulted someone or interrupted proceedings in the magistrates’ court, attach—

(i) the magistrates’ court’s written findings of fact, and

(ii) the appellant’s response to those findings;

(e) say whether the appellant has asked the magistrates’ court to reconsider the case; and

(f) include a list of those on whom the appellant has served the appeal notice.

[Note. The Practice Direction sets out a form of appeal notice for use in connection with this rule.

Duty of magistrates' court officer

34.4

The magistrates’ court officer must—

(a) as soon as practicable serve on the Crown Court officer—

(i) the appeal notice and any accompanying application served by the appellant,

(ii) details of the parties including their addresses,

(iii) a copy of each magistrates’ court register entry relating to the decision under appeal and to any application for bail pending appeal, and

(iv) any report received for the purposes of sentencing;

(b) keep any document or object exhibited in the proceedings in the magistrates’ court, or arrange for it to be kept by some other appropriate person, until—

(i) 6 weeks after the conclusion of those proceedings, or

(ii) the conclusion of any proceedings in the Crown Court that begin within that 6weeks;

(c) provide the Crown Court with any document, object or information for which the Crown Court officer asks, within such period as the Crown Court officer may require; and

(d) arrange for the magistrates’ court to hear as soon as practicable any application to that court under rule 34.2(3)(c) (suspension of disqualification pending appeal).

Duty of person keeping exhibit

34.5

A person who, under arrangements made by the magistrates’ court officer, keeps a document or object exhibited in the proceedings in the magistrates’ court must—

(a) keep that exhibit until—

(i) 6 weeks after the conclusion of those proceedings, or

(ii) the conclusion of any proceedings in the Crown Court that begin within that 6weeks,

unless the magistrates’ court or the Crown Court otherwise directs; and

(b) provide the Crown Court with any such document or object for which the Crown Court officer asks, within such period as the Crown Court officer may require.

Reference by the Criminal Cases Review Commission

34.6

(1) The Crown Court officer must, as soon as practicable, serve a reference by the Criminal Cases Review Commission on—

(a) the appellant;

(b) every other party; and

(2) The appellant may serve an appeal notice on—

(a) the Crown Court officer; and

(b) every other party,

not more than 21 days later.

(3) The Crown Court must treat the reference as the appeal notice if the appellant does not serve an appeal notice.

Application to introduce further evidence

34.7

(1) This rule applies where—

(a) a party wants to introduce evidence which was not introduced by either party in the magistrates’ court; and

(b) one of these Parts applies—

(i) Part 18 (Measures to assist a witness or defendant to give evidence),

(ii) Part 20 (Hearsay evidence),

(iii) Part 21 (Evidence of bad character), or

(iv) Part 22 (Evidence of a complainant’s previous sexual behaviour).

(2) Such a party must serve the notice or application to introduce evidence required by that Part not more than 14 days after service of the appeal notice.

[Note. See also Part 16 (Written witness statements) and Part 19 (Expert evidence), which may apply where this Part applies.]

Hearings and decisions

34.8

(1) The Crown Court as a general rule must hear in public an appeal or reference to which this Part applies, but—

(a) may order any hearing to be in private; and

(b) where a hearing is about a public interest ruling, must hold that hearing in private.

(2) The Crown Court officer must give as much notice as reasonably practicable of every hearing to—

(a) the parties;

(b) any party’s custodian; and

(3) The Crown Court officer must serve every decision on—

(a) the parties;

(b) any other person whom the Crown Court requires to be served; and

(4) But where a hearing or decision is about a public interest ruling, the Crown Court officer must not—

(a) give notice of that hearing to; or

(b) serve that decision on,

anyone other than the prosecutor who applied for that ruling, unless the court otherwise directs.

[Note. See also Part 15 (Disclosure).]

Abandoning an appeal

34.9

(1) The appellant—

(a) may abandon an appeal without the Crown Court’s permission, by serving a notice of abandonment on—

(i) the magistrates’ court officer,

(ii) the Crown Court officer, and

(iii) every other party

before the hearing of the appeal begins; but

(b) after the hearing of the appeal begins, may only abandon the appeal with the Crown Court’s permission.

(2) A notice of abandonment must be signed by or on behalf of the appellant.

(3) Where an appellant who is on bail pending appeal abandons an appeal—

(a) the appellant must surrender to custody as directed by the magistrates’ court officer; and

(b) any conditions of bail apply until then.

[Note. The Practice Direction sets out a form of notice of abandonment for use in connection with this rule.

Court's power to vary requirements under this Part

34.10

The Crown Court may—

(a) shorten or extend (even after it has expired) a time limit under this Part;

(b) allow an appellant to vary an appeal notice that that appellant has served;

(d) allow an appeal notice or a notice of abandonment to be in a different form to one set out in the Practice Direction, or to be presented orally.

Constitution of the Crown Court

34.11

On the hearing of an appeal—

(a) the general rule is that the Crown Court must comprise—

(i) a judge of the High Court, a Circuit judge, a Recorder or a qualifying judge advocate, and

(ii) no less than two and no more than four justices of the peace, none of whom took part in the decision under appeal; and

(b) if the appeal is from a youth court—

(i) each justice of the peace must be qualified to sit as a member of a youth court, and

(ii) the Crown Court must include a man and a woman; but

(i) the presiding judge decides that otherwise the start of the appeal hearing will be delayed unreasonably, or

(ii) one or more of the justices of the peace who started hearing the appeal is absent.

[Note. See sections 73 and 74 of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00751], section 45 of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933[^f00752]and section 9 of the Courts Act 2003[^f00753]. Under section 8(1A) of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00754], a qualifying judge advocate may not exercise the jurisdiction of the Crown Court on an appeal from a youth court.]

PART 35 — APPEAL TO THE HIGH COURT BY CASE STATED

Contents of this Part

When this Part applies	rule 35.1
Application to state a case	rule 35.2
Preparation of case stated	rule 35.3
Duty of justices' legal adviser	rule 35.4
Court's power to vary requirements under this Part	rule 35.5

When this Part applies

35.1

This Part applies where a person wants to appeal to the High Court by case stated—

(a) under section 111 of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980[^f00755], against a decision of a magistrates’ court; or

(b) under section 28 of the Senior Courts Act 1981[^f00756], against a decision of the Crown Court.

[Note. Under section 111 of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980, ‘any person who was a party to any proceeding before a magistrates’ court or is aggrieved by the conviction, order, determination or other proceeding of the court may question the proceeding on the ground that it is wrong in law or is in excess of jurisdiction by applying to the justices composing the court to state a case for the opinion of the High Court on the question of law or jurisdiction involved’.

Application to state a case

35.2

(1) A party who wants the court to state a case for the opinion of the High Court must—

(a) apply in writing, not more than 21 days after the decision against which the applicant wants to appeal; and

(b) serve the application on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) each other party.

(2) The application must—

(a) specify the decision in issue;

(b) specify the proposed question or questions of law or jurisdiction on which the opinion of the High Court will be asked;

(d) include or attach any application for the following, with reasons—

(i) if the application is to the Crown Court, an extension of time within which to apply to state a case,

(ii) bail pending appeal,

(iii) the suspension of any disqualification imposed in the case, where the court can order such a suspension pending appeal.

(3) A party who wants to make representations about the application must—

(a) serve the representations on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) each other party; and

(b) do so not more than 14 days after service of the application.

(4) The court may determine the application without a hearing.

(5) If the court decides not to state a case, the court officer must serve on each party—

(a) notice of that decision; and

(b) the court’s written reasons for that decision, if not more than 21 days later the applicant asks for those reasons.

[Note. The time limit for applying to a magistrates’ court to state a case is prescribed by section 111(2) of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980. It may be neither extended nor shortened.

Preparation of case stated

35.3

(1) This rule applies where the court decides to state a case for the opinion of the High Court.

(2) The court officer must serve on each party notice of—

(a) the decision to state a case, and

(b) any recognizance ordered by the court.

(3) Unless the court otherwise directs, not more than 21 days after the court’s decision to state a case—

(a) in a magistrates court, the court officer must serve a draft case on each party;

(b) in the Crown Court, the applicant must serve a draft case on the court officer and each other party.

(4) The draft case must—

(a) specify the decision in issue;

(b) specify the question(s) of law or jurisdiction on which the opinion of the High Court will be asked;

(i) the nature and history of the proceedings,

(ii) the court’s relevant findings of fact, and

(iii) the relevant contentions of the parties;

(d) if a question is whether there was sufficient evidence on which the court reasonably could reach a finding of fact—

(i) specify that finding, and

(ii) include a summary of the evidence on which the court reached that finding.

(5) Except to the extent that paragraph (4)(d) requires, the draft case must not include an account of the evidence received by the court.

(6) A party who wants to make representations about the content of the draft case, or to propose a revised draft, must—

(a) serve the representations, or revised draft, on—

(i) the court officer, and

(ii) each other party; and

(b) do so not more than 21 days after service of the draft case.

(7) The court must state the case not more than 21 days after the time for service of representations under paragraph (6) has expired.

(8) A case stated for the opinion of the High Court must—

(a) comply with paragraphs (4) and (5); and

(b) identify—

(i) the court that stated it, and

(ii) the court office for that court.

(9) The court officer must serve the case stated on each party.

[Note. Under section 114 of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980[^f00759], a magistrates’ court need not state a case until the person who applied for it has entered into a recognizance to appeal promptly to the High Court. The Crown Court has a corresponding inherent power.

Duty of justices' legal adviser

35.4

(1) This rule applies—

(a) only in a magistrates’ court; and

(b) unless the court—

(i) includes a District Judge (Magistrates’ Courts), and

(ii) otherwise directs.

(2) A justices’ legal adviser must—

(a) give the court legal advice; and

(b) if the court so requires, assist it by—

(i) preparing and amending the draft case, and

(ii) completing the case stated.

Court's power to vary requirements under this Part

35.5

(1) The court may shorten or extend (even after it has expired) a time limit under this Part.

(2) A person who wants an extension of time must—

(a) apply when serving the application, representations or draft case for which it is needed; and

(b) explain the delay.

[Note. See also rule 35.2(2)(d)(i) and the note to rule 35.2.]

PART 36 — APPEAL TO THE COURT OF APPEAL: GENERAL RULES

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The Criminal Procedure Rules 2015

Application for increase in term of imprisonment in default

33.21

Compensation – general

33.22

Compensation – confiscation order made against absconder

33.23

Payment of money in bank or building society account in satisfaction of confiscation order

33.24

Application to realise seized property

33.25

Appeal about decision on application to realise seized property

33.26

Application for direction about surplus proceeds

33.27

SEIZURE AND DETENTION PROCEEDINGS

Application for approval to seize property or to search

33.28

Application to extend detention period

33.29

Application to vary or discharge order for extended detention

33.30

Appeal about property detention decision

33.31

RESTRAINT AND RECEIVERSHIP PROCEEDINGS: RULES THAT APPLY GENERALLY

Taking control of goods and forfeiture

33.32

Joining of applications

33.33

Applications to be dealt with in writing

33.34

Business in chambers

33.35

Power of court to control evidence

33.36

Evidence of witnesses

33.37

Witness summons

33.38

Hearsay evidence

33.39

Disclosure and inspection of documents

33.40

Court documents

33.41

Consent orders

33.42

Slips and omissions

33.43

Supply of documents from court records

33.44

Disclosure of documents in criminal proceedings

33.45

Preparation of documents

33.46

Order for costs

33.47

Assessment of costs

33.48

Time for complying with an order for costs

33.49

Application of costs rules

33.50

RESTRAINT PROCEEDINGS

Application for restraint order or ancillary order

33.51

Restraint and ancillary orders

33.52

Application for discharge or variation of restraint or ancillary order by a person affected by the order

33.53

Application for variation of restraint or ancillary order by the person who applied for the order

33.54

Application for discharge of restraint or ancillary order by the person who applied for the order

33.55

RECEIVERSHIP PROCEEDINGS

Application for appointment of a management or an enforcement receiver

33.56

Application for conferral of powers on a management receiver or an enforcement receiver

33.57

Applications for discharge or variation of receivership orders, and applications for other orders