The Non-Maintained Special Schools (England) Regulations 2015

Made: 16th March 2015

Laid before Parliament: 18th March 2015

Coming into force: 1st September 2015

The Secretary of State for Education makes the following Regulations, in exercise of the powers conferred by sections 342(2), (4), (5) and (5A), 342A, 342B, 342C and 569(4) of the Education Act 1996[^f00001].

Citation, commencement and application

1

• (1) These Regulations may be cited as the Non-Maintained Special Schools (England) Regulations 2015 and come into force on 1st September 2015.

• (2) These Regulations apply in relation to England only.

Interpretation

2

• (1) In these Regulations —

• “the 1996 Act” means the Education Act 1996;

• “the 1997 Act” means the Police Act 1997[^f00002];

• “the 2002 Act” means the Education Act 2002[^f00003];

• “the 2005 Act” means the Education Act 2005[^f00004];

• “the 2006 Act” means the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006[^f00005];

• “children’s home” has the meaning given in section 1 of the Care Standards Act 2000

• “EHC plan” means a plan within the meaning of section 37(2) of the Children and Families Act 2014[^f00006];

• “employment business” has the same meaning as in section 13(3) of the Employment Agencies Act 1973[^f00007];

• “enhanced criminal record certificate” means an enhanced criminal record certificate issued under section 113B(1)[^f00008] of the 1997 Act which includes, in such cases as are from time to time prescribed under section 113BA(1)[^f00009] of that Act, suitability information relating to children or vulnerable adults, and any relevant up-date information where such a certificate is subject to up-date arrangements;

• “interim prohibition order” has the same meaning as in section 141C(7) of the 2002 Act[^f00010];

• “maintained special school” means a community or foundation special school[^f00011];

• “National Minimum Standards” means the statement of national minimum standards relating to residential special schools[^f00012] published in May 2022 by the Secretary of State for Education under section 87C(1) of the Children Act 1989[^f00013]; ...

• “prohibition order” has the same meaning as in section 141B of the 2002 Act;

• “Quality Standards” means the statement published in April 2015 by the Secretary of State under section 23 of the Care Standards Act 2000 relating to children’s homes

• “registered person” has the meaning given in section 120(1) of the 1997 Act;

• “relevant up-date information” means up-date information within the meaning given in section 116A(8)(b)(i) or 116A(8)(c)(i) [^f00016]of the 1997 Act;

• “suitability information relating to children” has the same meaning as in section 113(BA)(2) of the 1997 Act;

• “suitability information relating to vulnerable adults” has the same meaning as in section 113BB(2)[^f00017] of the 1997 Act;

• “supply staff” means any person working at the school supplied by an employment business;

• “up-date arrangements” has the same meaning as in section 116A(3) of the 1997 Act.

• (2) In these Regulations, an “enhanced criminal check” is made if —

• (a) an application for an enhanced criminal record certificate is made under section 113B(1) of the 1997 Act; or

• (b) where an enhanced criminal record certificate has been obtained under section 113B(1) of the 1997 Act and is subject to up-date arrangements, relevant up-date information is obtained.

• (3) In these Regulations a person is appointed to a position if that person is—

• (a) engaged to work at a school, other than a person supplied by an employment business, or

• (b) appointed to the governing body of a school.

• (4) A person is to be treated as meeting any staff qualification requirements if the person—

• (a) fulfils any requirements with respect to qualifications or registration which apply to the person as a result of regulations made under sections 132 to 135 of the 2002 Act[^f00018] and regulations made under section 19 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998[^f00019];

• (b) meets any conditions with respect to health and physical capacity, which apply to the person as a result of regulations made under section 141 of the 2002 Act[^f00020];

• (c) is not barred from regulated activity relating to children, to vulnerable adults or to both under section 3 of the 2006 Act, where that person is or will be engaging in activity which is regulated activity within the meaning of Part 1 of Schedule 4 of that Act; and

• (d) is not subject to a prohibition order or an interim prohibition order.

• (5) For the purposes of paragraphs 4(4), 5(2)(a)(ii) and 6(4) of Part 1 of the Schedule, an enhanced criminal record check is only relevant where a person or an individual is or will be engaging in—

• (a) regulated activity within the meaning of Part 1 of Schedule 4 to the 2006 Act; or

• (b) regulated activity relating to children or vulnerable adults within the meaning of Part 1 of Schedule 4 to the 2006 Act, as it had effect immediately before the coming into force of section 64 of the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012[^f00021].

Conditions of approval and requirements to be complied with

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• (1) Part 1 of the Schedule provides the requirements a school must comply with as a condition of approval by the Secretary of State[^f00022] under section 342(1) of the 1996 Act.

• (2) Part 2 of the Schedule provides the requirements a school must comply with while approved under section 342(1) of the 1996 Act.

Withdrawal of approval

4

• (1) The Secretary of State may withdraw approval from a school on the ground that there has been a failure to comply with any requirement contained in these Regulations.

• (2) Approval may only be withdrawn if—

• (a) the Secretary of State has given written notice to the proprietor specifying each requirement that must be complied with (“the specified requirement”) and the time limit within which compliance must be achieved (“the specified time limit”), and

• (b) the proprietor has failed to comply with a specified requirement within the specified time limit.

• (3) The Secretary of State must withdraw approval from a school if the proprietor makes a written request to that effect.

• (4) If the Secretary of State withdraws approval from a school following a request to do so by the proprietor, the Secretary of State may determine that the decision will have effect from such date as the Secretary of State may specify.

Emergencies

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• (1) In an urgent case the Secretary of State may apply to a justice of the peace to make an order that a non-maintained special school in England should cease to be approved under section 342 of the 1996 Act.

• (2) If it appears to the justice that a pupil at the school in question is suffering or is likely to suffer significant harm, the justice may make the order.

• (3) An application under this regulation may be made without notice.

• (4) An order under this regulation must be in writing.

• (5) A copy of an order under this regulation must be served on the proprietor of the school by the Secretary of State as soon as reasonably practicable after the order is made.

• (6) An order under this regulation has effect from the time the copy is served on the proprietor.

• (7) As soon as reasonably practicable after an order is made under this regulation, the Secretary of State must serve on the proprietor of the school in question—

• (a) a copy of any written statement in support of the application for the order, and

• (b) notice of the right of appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against the making of an order under this regulation.

• (8) As soon as reasonably practicable after an order is made under this regulation, the Secretary of State must notify the following that the order has been made—

• (a) the local authority in whose area the school is situated; and

• (b) any other local authority that the Secretary of State, after reasonable enquiry, is aware has specified the school in an EHC plan, in respect of a pupil at the institution.

• (9) For the purposes of this regulation, “harm” has the same meaning as in the Children Act 1989[^f00023] and the question of whether harm is significant is to be determined in accordance with section 31(10) of that Act.

Appeals

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• (1) An appeal lies to the First-tier Tribunal[^f00024] against—

• (a) any decision by the Secretary of State to withdraw approval from the school under regulation 4(1),

• (b) any decision by the Secretary of State not to approve, or not to approve a change to, or to withdraw approval from relevant arrangements[^f00025] in relation to the school, or

• (c) the making of an order under regulation 5.

• (2) An appeal must be brought by the proprietor of the school.

• (3) On an appeal under paragraph (1)(a) or (b), the First-tier Tribunal may uphold the decision of the Secretary of State, or direct that it is of no effect.

• (4) On an appeal under paragraph (1)(c), the First-tier Tribunal may confirm the order or direct that it shall cease to have effect.

• (5) If, on an appeal under paragraph (1)(a) or (b), the First-tier Tribunal upholds a decision of the Secretary of State to withdraw approval, the school ceases to be approved under section 342 of the 1996 Act from such date as the First-tier Tribunal may specify or, if it does not specify a date, from such date as the Secretary of State may determine.

Effect of pending appeals

7

• (1) If the Secretary of State withdraws approval from a school under regulation 4(1), the Secretary of State’s decision does not have effect during the period in which an appeal against the decision could be brought, or where an appeal has been brought, the appeal has not been determined, withdrawn or otherwise disposed of.

• (2) If an order has been made under regulation 5, such order has effect during the period in which an appeal against the order could be brought, or where an appeal has been brought, the appeal has not been determined, withdrawn or otherwise disposed of.

Revocations

8

The following regulations are revoked—

SCHEDULE

PART 1 — CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL UNDER SECTION 342(1) OF THE 1996 ACT

Special educational provision

1

Arrangements must be made at the school with respect to—

• (a) the registered pupils[^f00028] for whom special educational provision is to be made, categorised by reference to the number, age and sex of day pupils and pupils for whom accommodation is provided respectively, and their respective special educational needs, and

• (b) the special educational provision to be made for these pupils.

Governing body

2

• (1) The arrangements to be made at the school with respect to the composition and proceedings of the governing body and the appointment or election of its members must meet the requirements set out in sub-paragraph (2).

• (2) The arrangements must provide—

• (a) for the governing body to include—

• (i) at least one member appointed by one or more local authority,

• (ii) at least one member elected by teachers at the school from among their number, and

• (iii) at least one member elected by, or appointed to represent, parents of children at the school;

• (b) that a governor is to hold office for a period of four years from the date of election or appointment, except in the case of a governor who is the head teacher of the school who may hold office as long as that person is the head teacher; and

• (c) that the governing body must hold at least three meetings in every school year.

Welfare of pupils

3

The proprietor must make arrangements for safeguarding and promoting the health, safety and welfare of registered pupils at the school which—

• (a) have regard to any guidance, including—

• (i) where appropriate, the National Minimum Standards, about safeguarding and promoting the health, safety and welfare of pupils, and

• (ii) where the school is also a children’s home, the Quality Standards, and

• (b) include arrangements actively to promote the fundamental British values of democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, and mutual respect and tolerance of those with different faiths and beliefs.

Suitability of staff and governors

4

• (1) The suitability of a person who has been appointed to a position, which is not the position of chair of the governing body, must be checked in accordance with sub-paragraphs (3) to (7).

• (2) A person’s suitability for appointment to a position under this paragraph must be checked before the appointment is made, or if permitted, as soon as practicable after appointment.

• (3) The proprietor must check—

• (a) the person’s identity;

• (b) that the person meets all relevant staff qualification requirements; and

• (c) the person’s right to work in the United Kingdom.

• (4) The proprietor must ensure that, where relevant to the person, an enhanced criminal record check is made in respect of that person and an enhanced criminal record certificate is obtained before or as soon as practicable after the person’s appointment.

• (5) In the case of any person for whom, by reason of that person living or having lived outside the United Kingdom, obtaining such a certificate is not sufficient to establish the person’s suitability to work in a school, the proprietor must make such further checks as the proprietor considers appropriate, having regard to any guidance issued by the Secretary of State.

• (6) In the case of a person who cares for, trains, supervises or is in charge of pupils for whom accommodation is provided, in addition to the matters specified in sub-paragraphs (3) to (5), the proprietor must check that the National Minimum Standards and, where the school is also a children’s home, the Quality Standards, are complied with.

• (7) The checks referred to in sub-paragraphs (4) to (6) do not need to be carried out in relation to a person who has worked in—

• (a) a school in England in a position which brought the person regularly into contact with children or young persons,

• (b) a maintained school in England in a position to which the person was appointed on or after 12th May 2006 and which did not bring the person regularly into contact with children or young persons, or

• (c) an institution within the further education sector in England, or in a 16 to 19 Academy, in a position which involved the provision of education which brought the person regularly into contact with children or young persons,

during a period which ended not more than three months before the person’s appointment.

Suitability of supply staff

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• (1) The suitability of a person supplied by an employment business to the school who is working as a teacher or member of support staff at the school must be checked in accordance with sub-paragraphs (2) to (6).

• (2) The proprietor must have received—

• (a) written notification from the employment business in relation to that person—

• (i) that it has made the checks referred to in paragraph 4(3) to the extent relevant to that person;

• (ii) that, where relevant to that person, an enhanced criminal check has been made and that it, or another employment business, has obtained an enhanced criminal record certificate in response to such a check;

• (iii) whether, if the employment business has obtained such a certificate before the person is due to begin work at the school, it disclosed any matter or information;

• (b) a copy of any enhanced criminal record certificate, obtained by an employment business before the date on which the person is due to begin work at the school; and

• (c) in the case of a person for whom, by reason of living or having lived outside the United Kingdom, obtaining such an enhanced criminal record certificate is not sufficient to establish the person’s suitability to work in a school, written notification of such further checks made by the employment business as it considered appropriate, having regard to any guidance issued by the Secretary of State and the information disclosed by such checks.

• (3) Except in the case of a person to whom sub-paragraph (4) applies, the certificate referred to in sub-paragraph (2)(a)(ii) must have been obtained not more than three months before the date on which the person is due to begin work at the school.

• (4) This sub-paragraph applies in relation to a person who has worked in—

• (a) a school in England in a position which brought the person regularly into contact with children or young persons,

• (b) a maintained school in England in a position to which the person was appointed on or after 12th May 2006 and which did not bring the person regularly into contact with children or young persons, or

• (c) an institution within the further education sector in England, or in a 16 to 19 Academy, in a position which involved the provision of education which brought the person regularly into contact with children or young persons,

during a period which ended not more than three months before the person is due to begin work at the school.

• (5) Before a person offered for supply by an employment business begins work at the school, the proprietor must check the person’s identity (irrespective of whether the employment business carried out such a check before the person was offered for supply).

• (6) Except for a person to whom sub-paragraph (4) applies, the proprietor must check that where a person offered for supply to care for, train, supervise or be in charge of pupils for whom accommodation is provided, the National Minimum Standards and, where the school is also a children’s home, the Quality Standards, are complied with, before that person may begin work at the school.

Suitability of the chair of the governing body

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• (1) A person may only be appointed chair of the governing body of a school if the requirements of sub-paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) are satisfied.

• (2) Checks must have been made that the individual—