Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1322/2014 of 19 September 2014 supplementing and amending Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to vehicle construction and general requirements for the approval of agricultural and forestry vehicles Text with EEA relevance

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Figure 8.2

Intrusion of vertical simulated ground plane into DLV

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Figure 8.3

Deflection-limiting volume (DLV)

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Figure 8.4

Two-post front-mounted protective structure, side view

Deflection-limiting volume (DLV)

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Figure 8.5

Two-post front-mounted protective structure, rear view

Deflection-limiting volume (DLV)

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Figure 8.6

Typical arrangement for fastening the protective structure to the tractor frame

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Figure 8.7

Typical arrangement for protective structure side loading

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Figure 8.8

Typical arrangement for fixing the tractor frame and applying vertical load

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Figure 8.9

Typical arrangement for applying vertical load to the protective structure

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Figure 8.10

Example of an arrangement for crushing test

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Figures 8.11

Position of beam for front and rear crushing tests, protective cab and rear roll bar frame

Figure 8.11.a

Protective cab

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Figure 8.11.b

Rear roll bar frame

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Figures 8.12

Position of beam for front crushing test when full crushing force not sustained in front

Figure 8.12.a

Protective cab

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Figure 8.12.b

Rear roll bar frame

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Figures 8.13 and 8.14

Structure with four-post system Load-distribution devices, side loading

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Load distributor and sockets are to prevent local penetration and to hold end load-generating device

Figure 8.15

Structure with more than a four-post system

Load-distribution device, side loading

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Load distributor and socket are to prevent penetration and to hold end load generating device

Figure 8.16

Structure with two-post system

Load-distribution device, side loading

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Load distributor and socket are to prevent penetration and to hold end load generating device

Figure 8.17

Force-deflection curve for loading tests

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To obtain the energy in joules, divide the area beneath the force-deflection curve by 1 000 .

Figure 8.18

Longitudinal load application point

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Figure 8.19

Deflection-limiting volume (DLV) application - determination of the lateral simulated ground plane (SGP)

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• Note:See paragraph 1.11 for the meaning of a to e.

Figure 8.20

Allowable rotation of upper DLV about locating axis (LA)

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Explanatory notes to Annex VII

• ⁽¹⁾ Unless otherwise stated, the text of the requirements and the numbering set out in point B are identical with the text and numbering of the OECD standard Code for the official testing of protective structures on agricultural and forestry track-laying tractors, OECD standard Code 8, Edition 2017 of February 2017.

• ⁽²⁾ Permanent + elastic deflection measured at the point when the required energy level is obtained.

ANNEX VIII

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (static testing)

A. GENERAL PROVISION

• 1.The Union requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (static testing) are set out in point B.

B. REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO ROLL-OVER PROTECTION STRUCTURES (STATIC TESTING)⁽¹⁾

1. Definitions

1.1.   [Not applicable]

1.2.   Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)

Roll-over protective structure (protective cab or frame), hereinafter called ‘protective structure’, means the structure on a tractor the essential purpose of which is to avoid or limit risks to the driver resulting from roll-over of the tractor during normal use.

The roll-over protective structure is characterised by the provision of space for a clearance zone large enough to protect the driver when seated either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of supporting the tractor in that position if the tractor overturns.

1.3.   Track

1.3.1.   Preliminary definition: median plane of the wheel or track

The median plane of the wheel or track is equidistant from the two planes containing the periphery of the rims or tracks at their outer edges.

1.3.2.   Definition of track

The vertical plane through the wheel axis intersects its median plane along a straight line which meets the supporting surface at one point. If A and B are the two points thus defined for the wheels on the same axle of the tractor, then the track width is the distance between points A and B. The track may be thus defined for both front and rear wheels. Where there are twin wheels, the track is the distance between two planes each being the median plane of the pairs of wheels.

For track-laying tractors, the track is the distance between the median planes of the tracks.

1.3.3.   Additional definition: median plane of the tractor

Take the extreme positions of points A and B for the tractor rear axle, which gives the maximum possible value for the track. The vertical plane at right angles to the line AB at its centre point is the median plane of the tractor.

1.4.   Wheelbase

The distance between the vertical planes passing through the two lines AB as defined above, one for the front wheels and one for the rear-wheels.

1.5.   Determination of seat index point; Seat location and adjustment for test

1.5.1.   Seat index point (SIP)⁽²⁾

The seat index point shall be determined in accordance with ISO 5353:1995

1.5.2.   Seat location and adjustment for test

• 1.5.2.1. where the seat position is adjustable, the seat must be adjusted to its rear uppermost position;

• 1.5.2.2. where the inclination of the backrest is adjustable, it must be adjusted to the mid position;

• 1.5.2.3. where the seat is equipped with suspension, the latter must be blocked at mid-travel, unless this is contrary to the instructions clearly laid down by the seat manufacturer;

• 1.5.2.4. where the position of the seat is adjustable only lengthwise and vertically, the longitudinal axis passing through the Seat Index Point shall be parallel with the vertical longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the centre of the steering wheel and not more than 100 mm from that plane.

1.6.   Clearance zone

1.6.1.   Reference plane for seat and steering wheel

The clearance zone is illustrated in figures 4.11 to 4.13 and Table 4.2. The zone is defined in relation to the reference plane and the Seat Index Point. The reference plane is defined at the beginning of the series of loadings; it is a vertical plane, generally longitudinal to the tractor and passing through the Seat Index Point and the centre of the steering wheel. Normally the reference plane coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor. This reference plane shall be assumed to move horizontally with the seat and steering wheel during loading but to remain perpendicular to the tractor or the floor of the roll-over protective structure. The clearance zone shall be defined on the basis of Sections 1.6.2 and 1.6.3 below.

1.6.2.   Determination of the clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat

The clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat is defined in 1.6.2.1 to 1.6.2.10 below and is bounded by the following planes, the tractor being on a horizontal surface, the seat adjusted and located as specified in Sections 1.5.2.1 to 1.5.2.4⁽²⁾, and the steering wheel, where adjustable, adjusted to the mid position for seated driving:

• 1.6.2.1. a horizontal plane A1 B1 B2 A2, (810 + a

h – 10) mm behind the SIP;

• 1.6.2.2. an inclined plane G1 G2 I2 I1, perpendicular to the reference plane, including both a point 150 mm behind line B1B2 and the rearmost point of the seat backrest;

• 1.6.2.3. a cylindrical surface A1 A2 I2 I1 perpendicular to the reference plane, having a radius of 120 mm, tangential to the planes defined in 1.6.2.1 and 1.6.2.2 above;

• 1.6.2.4. a cylindrical surface B1 C1 C2 B2, perpendicular to the reference plane, having a radius of 900 mm extending forward for 400 mm and tangential to the plane defined in 1.6.2.1 above along line B1B2;

• 1.6.2.5. an inclined plane C1 D1 D2 C2, perpendicular to the reference plane, joining the surface defined in 1.6.2.4 above and passing 40 mm from the forward external edge of the steering wheel. In the case of a high steering wheel position, this plane extends forward from line B1B2 tangentially to the surface defined in 1.6.2.4 above;

• 1.6.2.6. a vertical plane D1 E1 E2 D2 perpendicular to the reference plane 40 mm forward of the external edge of the steering wheel;

• 1.6.2.7. a horizontal plane E1 F1 F2 E2 passing through a point (90 – a

• 1.6.2.8. a surface G1 F1 F2 G2, if necessary curved from the bottom limit of the plane defined in 1.6.2.2 above to the horizontal plane defined in 1.6.2.7 above, perpendicular to the reference plane, and in contact with the seat backrest throughout its length;

• 1.6.2.9. vertical planes J1 E1 F1 G1 H1 and J2 E2 F2 G2 H2. These vertical planes shall extend upwards from plane E1 F1 F2 E2 for 300 mm; the distances E1 E0 and E2 E0 shall be 250 mm;

• 1.6.2.10. parallel planes A1 B1 C1 D1 J1 H1 I1 and A2 B2 C2 D2 J2 H2 I2 inclined so that the upper edge of the plane on the side on which the force is applied is at least 100 mm from the vertical reference plane.

1.6.3.   Determination of clearance zone for tractors with a reversible driver’s position

For tractors with a reversible driver’s position (reversible seat and steering wheel), the clearance zone is the envelope of the two clearance zones defined by the two different positions of the steering wheel and the seat.

1.6.4.   Optional seats

• 1.6.4.1.In case of tractors that could be fitted with optional seats, the envelope comprising the Seat Index Points of all options offered shall be used during the tests. The protective structure shall not enter the larger clearance zone which takes account of these different Seat Index Points.

• 1.6.4.2.In the case where a new seat option is offered after the test has been performed, a determination shall be made to see whether the clearance zone around the new SIP falls within the envelope previously established. If it does not, a new test must be performed.

• 1.6.4.3.Optional seat does not include a seat for a person in addition to the driver and from where the tractor cannot be controlled. The SIP shall not be determined because the definition of the clearance zone is in relation to the driver seat.

1.7.   Mass

1.7.1.   Unballasted Mass

The mass of the tractor without ballasting devices and, in the case of tractors with pneumatic tyres, without liquid ballast in the tyres. The tractor shall be in running order with tanks, circuits and radiator full, protective structure with cladding and any track equipment or additional front wheel drive components required for normal use. The operator is not included.

1.7.2.   Maximum Permissible Mass

The maximum mass of the tractor stated by the manufacturer to be technically permissible and declared on the vehicle’s identification plate and/or in the Operator’s Handbook;

1.7.3.   Reference Mass

The mass selected by the manufacturer for calculation of the energy inputs and crushing forces to be used in the tests. Must not be less than the unballasted mass and must be sufficient to ensure the Mass Ratio does not exceed 1,75 (see Section 1.7.4).

1.7.4.   Mass Ratio

The ratio of

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This must not be greater than 1,75.

1.8.   Permissible measurement tolerances

• Time ± 0,1 s

• Distance ± 0,5 mm

• Force ± 0,1 % (of the sensor full scale)

• Angle ± 0,1°

• Mass ± 0,2 % (of the sensor full scale)

1.9.   Symbols

ah	(mm)	Half of the horizontal seat adjustment
av	(mm)	Half of the vertical seat adjustment
D	(mm)	Deflection of the protective structure at the point of and in line with the load application
D'	(mm)	Deflection of the protective structure for the calculated energy required
EIS	(J)	Energy input to be absorbed during side loading
EIL1	(J)	Energy input to be absorbed during longitudinal loading
EIL2	(J)	Energy input to be absorbed in case of a second longitudinal loading
F	(N)	Static load force
Fmax	(N)	Maximum static load force occurring during loading, with the exception of the overload
F'	(N)	Force for the calculated energy required
M	(kg)	Reference mass used for calculating energy inputs and crushing forces

2. Field of application

• 2.1.This Annex is applicable to tractors having at least two axles for pneumatic tyred wheels or having tracks instead of wheels and with an unballasted tractor mass not less than 600 kg. The Mass Ratio (Maximum Permissible Mass / Reference Mass) must not be greater than 1,75.

• 2.2.The minimum track width of the rear-wheels should generally be greater than 1 150 mm. It is recognised that there may be designs of tractors, for example, lawn mowers, narrow vineyard tractors, low profile tractors used in buildings with limited overhead clearance or in orchards, high-clearance tractors and special forestry machines, such as forwarders and skidders, for which this Annex is not applicable.

3. Rules and directions

3.1.   General regulations

• 3.1.1.The protective structure may be manufactured either by the tractor manufacturer or by an independent firm. In either case a test is only valid for the model of tractor on which it is carried out. The protective structure must be retested for each model of tractor to which it is to be fitted. However, testing stations may certify that the strength tests are also valid for tractor models derived from the original model by modifications to the engine, transmission and steering and front suspension. On the other hand, more than one protective structure may be tested for any one model of tractor.

• 3.1.2.The protective structure submitted for static test must be supplied attached in the normal manner to the tractor or tractor chassis on which it is used. The tractor chassis shall be complete including attaching brackets and other parts of the tractor that may be affected by loads imposed on the protective structure.

• 3.1.3.Where a ‘tandem’ tractor is concerned, the mass of the standard version of that part to which the protective structure is fitted is to be used.

• 3.1.4.A protective structure may be designed solely to protect the driver in the event of the tractor overturning. Onto this structure it may be possible to fit weather protection for the driver, of a more or less temporary nature. The driver will usually remove this in warm weather. There are protective structures however, in which the cladding is permanent and warm weather ventilation provided by windows or flaps. As the cladding may add to the strength of the structure and if removable may well be absent when an accident occurs, all parts that can be so taken away by the driver will be removed for the purpose of the test. Doors, roof hatch and windows that can be opened shall be either removed or fixed in the open position for the test, so that they do not add to the strength of the protective structure. It shall be noted whether, in this position, they would create a hazard for the driver in the event of overturning.

• Throughout the remainder of these rules, reference will only be made to testing the protective structure. It must be understood that this includes cladding not of a temporary nature.

• A description of any temporary cladding supplied is to be included in the specifications. All glass or similar brittle material shall be removed prior to the test. Tractor and protective structure components which might sustain needless damage during the test and which do not affect the strength of the protective structure or its dimensions may be removed prior to the test if the manufacturer wishes. No repairs or adjustment may be carried out during the test.

• 3.1.5.Any component of the tractor contributing to the strength of the protective structure such as mud-guards, which has been reinforced by the manufacturer, should be described and its measurements given in the test report.

3.2.   Apparatus

For verifying that the clearance zone has not been entered during the test, means shall be used as described in point 1.6, figures 4.11 to 4.13 and Table 4.2.

3.2.1.   Horizontal loading tests (figures 4.1 to 4.5)

The following shall be used in horizontal loading tests:

• 3.2.1.1. material, equipment and means of attachment to ensure that the tractor chassis is firmly fixed to the ground and supported independently of the tyres;

• 3.2.1.2. device for applying a horizontal force to the protective structure; provision shall be made so that the load can be uniformly distributed normal to the direction of loading;
• 3.2.1.2.1. a beam of length not less than 250 mm nor more than 700 mm in exact multiples of 50 mm between these lengths shall be used. The beam shall have a vertical dimension of 150 mm;
• 3.2.1.2.2. the edges of the beam in contact with the protective structure shall be curved with a maximum radius of 50 mm;
• 3.2.1.2.3. universal joints or the equivalent shall be incorporated to ensure that the loading device does not constrain the protective structure in rotation or translation in any direction other than the direction of loading;
• 3.2.1.2.4. where the straight line defined by the appropriate beam on the protective structure is not normal to the direction of application of load the space shall be packed so as to distribute the load over the full length;

• 3.2.1.3. equipment for measuring force and deflection in the load direction, relative to the tractor chassis. To ensure accuracy, measurements shall be taken as continuous readings. The measuring devices shall be located so as to record the force and deflection at the point of, and along the line of, loading.

3.2.2.   Crushing tests (figures 4.6 to 4.8)

The following shall be used in crushing tests:

• 3.2.2.1. material, equipment and means of attachment to ensure that the tractor chassis is firmly fixed to the ground and supported independently of the tyres;

• 3.2.2.2. device for applying a downward force to the protective structure, including a stiff beam with a width of 250 mm;

• 3.2.2.3. equipment for measuring the total vertical force applied.

3.3.   Test conditions

• 3.3.1. The protective structure shall be to production specifications and shall be fitted to the appropriate tractor model chassis in accordance with the manufacturer's declared method of attachment.

• 3.3.2. The assembly shall be secured to the bedplate so that the members connecting the assembly and the bedplate do not deflect significantly in relation to the protective structure under load. The assembly shall not receive any support under load other than that due to the initial attachment.

• 3.3.3. An adjustable track width setting for the wheels or tracks, if present, shall be chosen such that no interference exists with the protective structure during the tests.

• 3.3.4. The protective structure shall be instrumented with the necessary equipment to obtain the required force-deflection data.

• 3.3.5. All tests shall be performed on the same protective structure. No repairs or straightening of any members shall be carried out between any parts of the test

• 3.3.6. On completion of all tests, permanent deflections of the protective structure shall be measured and recorded.

3.4.   Sequence of tests

Tests shall be conducted in the following sequence:

3.4.1.   Longitudinal loading

For a wheeled tractor with at least 50 % of its mass on the rear axle and for track-laying tractors, the longitudinal loading shall be applied from the rear. For other tractors the longitudinal loading shall be applied from the front.

3.4.2.   First crushing test

The first crushing test shall be applied at the same end of the protective structure as the longitudinal loading

3.4.3.   Loading from the side

In the case of an offset seat or non-symmetrical strength of the protective structure, the side loading shall be on the side most likely to lead to infringement of the clearance zone.

3.4.4.   Second crushing test

The second crushing test shall be applied at the end of the protective structure opposite from that receiving the first longitudinal loading. In the case of two-post designs, the second crush may be at the same point as the first crush.

3.4.5.   Second longitudinal loading

• 3.4.5.1.A second longitudinal loading shall be applied to tractors fitted with a folding (e.g. two posts) or tiltable (e.g. non-two posts) protective structure, if one or more of the following conditions exists:

• Temporary folding for special operating conditions;

• Structures designed to tilt for service, unless the tilt mechanism is independent from the structural integrity of the roll-over protective structure.

• 3.4.5.2.For folding protective structures, if the first longitudinal loading was applied in the folding direction then a second longitudinal loading is not required.

3.5.   Horizontal loading tests from the rear, front and side

3.5.1.   General provisions

• 3.5.1.1.The load applied to the protective structure shall be distributed uniformly by means of a stiff beam, normal to the direction of load application (see 3.2.1.2). The stiff beam may be equipped with a means of preventing its sideways displacement. The rate of load application shall be such that it can be considered static. As the load is applied, force and deflection shall be recorded as a continuous record to ensure accuracy. Once the initial application has commenced, the load shall not be reduced until the test has been completed. The direction of the applied force shall be within the following limits:

• — at start of test (no load): ± 2°,

• — during test (under load): 10° above and 20° below the horizontal.

• The rate of load application shall be considered static if the rate of deflection under loading is not greater than 5 mm/s.

• 3.5.1.2.If no structural cross member exists at the point of load application, a substitute test beam which does not add strength will be utilised.

3.5.2.   Longitudinal loading (figures 4.1 and 4.2)

The load shall be applied horizontally and parallel to the median plane of the tractor. If the load is applied from the rear (Section 3.4.1), the longitudinal load and the lateral load shall be applied on different sides of the median plane of the tractor. If the longitudinal load is applied from the front, it shall be on the same side as the side load.

The load shall be applied to the uppermost transverse structural member of the protective structure (i.e. that part which would be likely to strike the ground first in an overturn).

The point of application of the load shall be located at one sixth of the width of the top of the protective structure inwards from the outside corner. The width of the protective structure shall be taken as the distance between two lines parallel to the median plane of the tractor touching the outside extremities of the protective structure in the horizontal plane touching the top of the uppermost transverse structural members.

In the event that the ROPS is formed of curved members and no appropriate corners exist, the following general procedure shall apply for determining W. The test engineer shall identify the curved member most likely to first strike ground in the event of an asymmetrical rear or front overturn (e.g. an overturn to the front or rear where one side of the ROPS is likely to bear the initial loading). The endpoints of W shall be the mid-points of the external radii created between other straight or curved members which form the uppermost ROPS structure. In the event that multiple curved members could be selected, the test engineer shall establish ground lines for each possible member to determine which surface is most likely to strike ground first. See figures 4.3 a) and b) for examples.

Note:

In the event of curved members, only the width at the end of the structure to which the longitudinal load is to be applied need be considered

The length of the load distribution device (see 3.2.1.2) shall be not less than one third of the width of the protective structure and not more than 49 mm greater than this minimum.

The longitudinal loading shall be stopped when:

• 3.5.2.1. the energy absorbed by the protective structure is equal to or greater than the required energy input, EIL1 where: Image omitted; see official source

• 3.5.2.2. the protective structure infringes on the clearance zone or leaves the clearance zone unprotected (Condition of acceptance in 3.8 below).

3.5.3.   Side loading (figures 4.4 and 4.5)

The side loading shall be applied horizontally at 90° to the median plane of the tractor. It shall be applied to the upper extremity of the protective structure at a point (160 – ah) mm forward of the Seat Index Point.

For tractors with a reversible driver's position (reversible seat and steering wheel), it shall be applied to the upper extremity of the protective structure at the mid-point between the two Seat Index Points.

If it is certain that any particular part of the protective structure will touch ground first when the tractor overturns sideways, the loading shall be applied at that point, provided that this permits uniform distribution of the load as specified in 3.5.1.1. In the case of a two-post protective structure, side loading shall be applied at the structural member uppermost on the side, regardless of the seat index position.

Specifications for the load distribution beam are given in Section 3.2.1.2.1.

The side loading shall be stopped when:

• 3.5.3.1. The energy absorbed by the protective structure is equal to or greater than the required energy, EIS, where: Image omitted; see official source

• 3.5.3.2. The protective structure infringes on the clearance zone or leaves the clearance zone unprotected (Condition of acceptance in 3.8 below).

3.6.   Crushing tests

3.6.1.   Crushing at the rear (figures 4.6, 4.7.a to 4.7.e)

• 3.6.1.1.The crushing beam shall be positioned across the rear uppermost structural members so that the resultant of the crushing forces is located in the vertical reference plane of the tractor. The crushing force F shall be applied where:

Image omitted; see official source

• This force shall be maintained for 5 seconds after cessation of any visually detectable movement of the protective structure.

• 3.6.1.2.Where the rear part of the protective structure roof will not sustain the full crushing force, the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part of the protective structure with that part of the rear of the tractor capable of supporting the tractor when overturned. The force shall then be removed and the crushing beam repositioned over that part of the protective structure that would support the tractor when completely overturned. The crushing force F = 20 M shall then be applied.

3.6.2.   Crushing at the front (figures 4.6 to 4.8)

• 3.6.2.1.The crushing beam shall be positioned across the front uppermost structural members so that the resultant of the crushing forces is located in the vertical reference plane of the tractor. The crushing force F shall be applied where:

Image omitted; see official source

• This force shall be maintained for 5 seconds after cessation of any visually detectable movement of the protective structure.

• 3.6.2.2.Where the front part of the roof of the protective structure will not sustain the full crushing force (figures 4.8.a and 4.8.b), the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part of the protective structure with that part of the front of the tractor capable of supporting the tractor when overturned. The force shall then be removed and the crushing beam repositioned over that part of the protective structure that would support the tractor when completely overturned. The crushing force F = 20 M shall then be applied.

3.7.   Second longitudinal loading test

The load shall be applied in the opposite direction to and at the corner farthest from the point of application of the first longitudinal load (figures 4.1 and 4.2).

The longitudinal loading shall be stopped when:

• 3.7.1. The energy absorbed by the protective structure is equal to or greater than the required energy, EIL2, where: Image omitted; see official source

• 3.7.2. The protective structure infringes on the clearance zone or leaves the clearance zone unprotected (Condition of acceptance in 3.8 below

3.8.   Conditions for acceptance

For the protective structure to be accepted it shall fulfil the following conditions during and after completion of the tests:

• 3.8.1. no part shall enter the clearance zone during any part of the tests. No part may strike the seat during the tests. Furthermore, the clearance zone shall not be outside the protection of the protective structure. For this purpose, it shall be considered to be outside the protection of the structure if any part of it would come in contact with flat ground if the tractor overturned towards the direction from which the test load is applied. For estimating this, the tyres and track width setting shall be the smallest standard fitting specified by the manufacturer;

• 3.8.2. for the articulated tractors, the median planes of the two parts shall be assumed to be in line;

• 3.8.3. after the final crushing test, the permanent deflection of the protective structure shall be recorded. For this purpose, before the start of the test, the position of the main protective structure members in relation to the Seat Index Point must be recorded. Then any displacement of the members resulting from the loading tests and any change of the height of the front and back members of the roof of the protective structure shall be recorded;

• 3.8.4. at the point where the required energy absorption is met in each of the specified horizontal loading tests the force shall exceed 0,8 Fmax;

• 3.8.5. an overload test shall be required if the applied force decreases by more than 3 % over the last 5 % of the deflection attained when the energy required is absorbed by the structure (Figures 4.14 to 4.16). Description of the overload test:
• 3.8.5.1. an overload test shall consist of continuing the horizontal loading in increments of 5 % of the original required energy, up to a maximum of 20 % additional energy;
• 3.8.5.2. the overload test shall be successfully completed if after the absorption of 5, 10 or 15 % additional energy the force drops by less than 3 % for each 5 % energy increment whilst remaining greater than 0,8 Fmax or if, after the absorption of 20 % additional energy the force is greater than 0,8 Fmax;
• 3.8.5.3. additional cracks or tears or entry into or lack of protection of the clearance zone, due to elastic deformation, are permitted during the overload test. After removing the load, however, the protective structure shall not infringe on the clearance zone, which shall be completely protected;

• 3.8.6. the required force must be sustained in both crushing tests;

• 3.8.7. there shall be no protruding member or component which would be likely to cause serious injury during an overturning accident or which, through the deformation occurring, might trap the operator, for example by the leg or foot;

• 3.8.8. there shall be no other components presenting a serious hazard to the operator.

3.9.   Extension to other tractor models

3.9.1.   [Not applicable]

3.9.2.   Technical extension

When technical modifications occur on the tractor, the protective structure or the method of attachment of the protective structure to the tractor, the testing station that has carried out the original test can issue a ‘technical extension report’ in the following cases:

• 3.9.2.1. Extension of the structural test results to other models of tractors The loading and crushing tests need not be carried out on each model of tractor, provided that the protective structure and tractor comply with the conditions referred to hereunder 3.9.2.1.1 to 3.9.2.1.5
• 3.9.2.1.1. The structure shall be identical to the one tested;
• 3.9.2.1.2. The required energy shall not exceed the energy calculated for the original test by more than 5 %. The 5 % limit shall also apply to extensions in the case of substituting tracks for wheels on the same tractor;
• 3.9.2.1.3. The method of attachment and the tractor components to which the attachment is made shall be identical;
• 3.9.2.1.4. Any components such as mud-guards and bonnet that may provide support for the protective structure shall be identical;
• 3.9.2.1.5. The position and critical dimensions of the seat in the protective structure and the relative position of the protective structure on the tractor shall be such that the clearance zone would have remained within the protection of the deflected structure throughout all tests (this shall be checked by using the same reference of clearance zone as in the original test report, respectively Seat Reference Point [SRP] or Seat Index Point [SIP]).

• 3.9.2.2. Extension of the structural test results to modified models of the protective structure. This procedure has to be followed when the provisions of paragraph 3.9.2.1 are not fulfilled, it may not be used when the method of attachment of the protective structure to the tractor does not remain of the same principle (e.g. rubber supports replaced by a suspension device)
• 3.9.2.2.1. Modifications having no impact on the results of the initial test (e.g. weld attachment of the mounting plate of an accessory in a non-critical location on the structure), addition of seats with different SIP location in the protective structure (subject to checking that the new clearance zone(s) remain(s) within the protection of the deflected structure throughout all tests).
• 3.9.2.2.2. Modifications having a possible impact on the results of the original test without calling into question the acceptability of the protective structure (e.g. modification of a structural component, modification of the method of attachment of the protective structure to the tractor). A validation test can be carried out and the test results will be drafted in the extension report. The following limits for this type extension are fixed.
• 3.9.2.2.2.1. No more than 5 extensions may be accepted without a validation test;
• 3.9.2.2.2.2. The results of the validation test will be accepted for extension if all the acceptance conditions of this Annex are fulfilled and if the force measured when the required energy level has been reached in the various horizontal load tests does not deviate from the force measured when the required energy has been reached in the original test by more than ± 7 % and the deflection measured⁽³⁾ when the required energy level has been reached in the various horizontal load tests does not deviate from the deflection measured when the required energy has been reached in the original test report by more than ± 7 %.
• 3.9.2.2.2.3. More than one protective structure modifications may be included in a single extension report if they represent different options of the same protective structure, but only one validation test can be accepted in a single extension report. The options not tested shall be described in a specific section of the extension report.
• 3.9.2.2.3. Increase of the reference mass declared by the manufacturer for a protective structure already tested. If the manufacturer wants to keep the same approval number it is possible to issue an extension report after having carried out a validation test (the limits of ± 7 % specified in 3.9.2.2.2.2 are not applicable in such a case).

3.10.   [Not applicable]

3.11.   Cold weather performance of protective structures

• 3.11.1.If the protective structure is claimed to have properties resistant to cold weather embrittlement, the manufacturer shall give details that shall be included in the report.

• 3.11.2.Where applicable, cold weather embrittlement properties shall be verified in accordance with the requirements given in 3.11.2.1 to 3.11.2.7.

• 3.11.2.1.Bolts and nuts used to attach the protective structure to the tractor and used to connect structural parts of the protective structure shall exhibit suitable controlled reduced temperature toughness properties.

• 3.11.2.2.All welding electrodes used in the fabrication of structural members and mounts shall be compatible with the protective structure material as given in 3.11.2.3 below.

• 3.11.2.3.Steel materials for structural members of the protective structure shall be of controlled toughness material exhibiting minimum Charpy V-Notch loading energy requirements as shown in Table 4.1. Steel grade and quality shall be specified in accordance with ISO 630:1995; Amd1:2003.

• Steel with an as-rolled thickness less than 2,5 mm and with a carbon content less than 0,2 % is considered to meet this requirement. Structural members of the protective structure made from materials other than steel shall have equivalent low temperature loading resistance.

• 3.11.2.4.When testing the Charpy V-Notch loading energy requirements, the specimen size shall be no less than the largest of the sizes stated in Table 4.1 that the material will permit.

• 3.11.2.5.The Charpy V-Notch tests shall be made in accordance with the procedure in ASTM A 370-1979, except for specimen sizes that shall be in accordance with the dimensions given in Table 4.1.

• 3.11.2.6.Alternatives to this procedure are the use of killed or semi-killed steel for which an adequate specification shall be provided. Steel grade and quality shall be specified in accordance with ISO 630:1995; Amd1:2003.

• 3.11.2.7.Specimens are to be longitudinal and taken from flat stock, tubular or structural sections before forming or welding for use in the protective structure. Specimens from tubular or structural sections are to be taken from the middle of the side of greatest dimension and shall not include welds.

Table 4.1

Minimum Charpy V-notch impact energies

Specimen size	Energy at	Energy at
	– 30 °C	– 20 °C
mm	J	J [^E0009]
10 × 10 [^E0008]	11	27,5
10 × 9	10	25
10 × 8	9,5	24
10 × 7,5 [^E0008]	9,5	24
10 × 7	9	22,5
10 × 6,7	8,5	21
10 × 6	8	20
10 × 5 [^E0008]	7,5	19
10 × 4	7	17,5
10 × 3,5	6	15

Indicates preferred size. Specimen size shall be no less than largest preferred size that the material permits.

The energy requirement at – 20 °C is 2,5 times the value specified for – 30 °C. Other factors affect impact energy strength, i.e. direction of rolling, yield strength, grain orientation and welding. These factors shall be considered when selecting and using steel.

3.12.   [Not applicable]

Figure 4.1

Front and rear load applications, Protective cab and rear roll bar frame

(Dimensions in mm)

Figure 4.1.a

Protective cab

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.1.b

Rear roll bar frame

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.2

Longitudinal load applications

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.3

Examples of ‘W’ for ROPS with curved members

Figure 4.3.a

Four-post ROPS

Image omitted; see official source

Key:

1 — Seat index point

2 — SIP, longitudinal centre-plane

3 — Point of second longitudinal load application, front or rear

4 — Point of longitudinal load application, rear or front

Figure 4.3.b

Two-post ROPS

Image omitted; see official source

KEY:

1	–	Seat index point (SIP).
---	---	---
2	–	SIP, longitudinal centre-plane.
---	---	---
3	–	Point of second longitudinal load application, front or rear.
---	---	---
4	–	Point of longitudinal load application, rear or front.

Figure 4.4

Side load application (side view), protective cab and rear roll bar frame

Figure 4.4.a

Protective cab

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.4.b

Rear roll bar frame

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.5

Side load application (rear view)

Image omitted; see official source	Image omitted; see official source
(a)	(b)

Figure 4.6

Example of arrangement for crushing test

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.7

Position of beam for front and rear crushing tests, protective cab and rear roll bar frame

Figure 4.7.a

Rear Crush

Image omitted; see official source	Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.7.b

Front Crush

Image omitted; see official source	Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.7.c

Crush test for rear roll bar

Image omitted; see official source	Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.7.d

Protective cab

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.7.e

Rear roll bar frame

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.8

Position of beam for front crushing test when full crushing force not sustained in front

Figure 4.8.a

Protective cab

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.8.b

Rear roll bar frame

Image omitted; see official source	Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.9

The crushing force is applied with the beam having its centre point passing in the vertical reference plane of the tractor (being also that of the seat and steering wheel)

Case 1	:	when the ROPS, the seat and the steering wheel are rigidly fixed to the tractor body;
---	---	---
Case 2	:	when the ROPS is rigidly fixed to the tractor body, and the seat and the steering wheel are located on a floor (suspended or not) but they are NOT connected to the ROPS.

In these cases, the vertical reference plane referred to the seat and steering wheel includes normally also the centre of gravity of the tractor during the execution of the entire series of loadings.

Figure 4.10

The crushing force is applied with the beam having its centre point passing only in the vertical reference plane of the tractor

Image omitted; see official source

Cases 3 and 4 can be defined, in which the ROPS is fixed to a platform, rigidly fixed (case 3) or suspended (case 4) in respect to the tractor chassis. These joining or linkage solutions cause different movements to cabs and clearance zone as well as the vertical reference plane.

Image omitted; see official source

Table 4.2

Dimensions of the clearance zone

Dimensions	mm	Remarks
A1 A0	100	minimum
B1 B0	100	minimum
F1 F0	250	minimum
F2 F0	250	minimum
G1 G0	250	minimum
G2 G0	250	minimum
H1 H0	250	minimum
H2 H0	250	minimum
J1 J0	250	minimum
J2 J0	250	minimum
E1 E0	250	minimum
E2 E0	250	minimum
D0 E0	300	minimum
J0 E0	300	minimum
A1 A2	500	minimum
B1 B2	500	minimum
C1 C2	500	minimum
D1 D2	500	minimum
I1 I2	500	minimum
F0 G0	—	depending on the tractor
I0 G0	—	depending on the tractor
C0 D0	—	depending on the tractor
E0 F0	—	depending on the tractor

Figure 4.11

Clearance zone

Image omitted; see official source

Key:

1	—	Seat index point

• Note:for dimensions, see Table 4.2 above

Figure 4.12

Clearance zone

Figure 4.12.a

Side view section in reference plan

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.12.b

Rear or front view

Image omitted; see official source

Key:

1 — Seat index point

2 — Force

3 — Vertical reference plane

Figure 4.13

Clearance zone for tractor with reversible seat and steering wheel, protective cab and rear roll bar frame

Figure 4.13.a

Protective cab

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.13.b

Rear roll bar frame

Image omitted; see official source

Figure 4.14

Force/deflection curve

Overload test not necessary

Image omitted; see official source

Notes:

• 1.Locate Fa in relation to 0,95 D'

• 2.Overload test not necessary as Fa ≤ 1,03 F'

Figure 4.15

Force/deflection curve

Overload test necessary

Image omitted; see official source

Notes:

• 1.Locate Fa in relation to 0,95 D'

• 2.Overload test necessary as Fa > 1,03 F'

• 3.Overload test performance satisfactory as Fb > 0,97 F' and Fb > 0,8 F max

Figure 4.16

Force/deflection curve

Overload test to be continued

Image omitted; see official source

Notes:

• 1.Locate Fa in relation to 0,95 D'

• 2.Overload test necessary as Fa > 1,03 F'

• 3.Fb < 0,97 F' therefore further overload necessary

• 4.Fc < 0,97 Fb therefore further overload necessary

• 5.Fd < 0,97 Fc therefore further overload necessary

• 6.Overload test performance satisfactory, if Fe > 0,8 F max

• 7.Failure at any stage when load drops below 0,8 F max

Explanatory notes to Annex VIII

• ⁽¹⁾ Unless otherwise stated, the text of the requirements and the numbering set out in point B are identical with the text and numbering of the OECD standard Code for the official testing of protective structures on agricultural and forestry tractors (static test), OECD standard Code 4, Edition 2017 of February 2017.

• ⁽²⁾ Users are reminded that the seat index point is determined according to ISO 5353:1995 and is a fixed point with respect to the tractor that does not move as the seat is adjusted away from the mid-position. For purposes of determining the clearance zone, the seat shall be placed in the rear and uppermost position.

• ⁽³⁾ Permanent + elastic deflection measured at the point when the required energy level is obtained.

ANNEX IX

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (front mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors)

A. GENERAL PROVISIONS

• 1.The Union requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (front mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors) are set out in point B.

• 2.Tests may be performed in accordance with the static or alternatively the dynamic test procedures as set out in sections B1 and B2. The two methods are deemed equivalent.

• 3.In addition to the requirements set out in point 2, the requirements for foldable ROPS performance set out in section B3 shall be met.

• 4.In section B4 is set out the computer programme for determining the continuous or interrupted roll over behaviour which shall be used for the virtual testing.

B. REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO ROLL-OVER PROTECTION STRUCTURES (FRONT MOUNTED ROLL-OVER PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES ON NARROW-TRACK TRACTORS)⁽¹⁾

1. Definitions

• 1.1 [Not applicable]

• 1.2. Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)

Roll-over protective structure (protective cab or frame), hereinafter called ‘protective structure’, means the structure on a tractor the essential purpose of which is to avoid or limit risks to the driver resulting from roll-over of the tractor during normal use.

The roll-over protective structure is characterized by the provision of space for a clearance zone large enough to protect the driver when seated either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of supporting the tractor in that position if the tractor overturns.

• 1.3. Track

1.3.1.   Preliminary definition: median plane of the wheel or track

The median plane of the wheel or track is equidistant from the two planes containing the periphery of the rims or tracks at their outer edges.

1.3.2.   Definition of track

The vertical plane through the wheel axis intersects its median plane along a straight line which meets the supporting surface at one point. If A and B are the two points thus defined for the wheels on the same axle of the tractor, then the track width is the distance between points A and B. The track may be thus defined for both front and rear wheels. Where there are twin wheels, the track is the distance between two planes each being the median plane of the pairs of wheels.  For tracklaying tractors, the track is the distance between the median planes of the tracks.

1.3.3.   Additional definition: median plane of the tractor

Take the extreme positions of points A and B for the tractor rear axle, which gives the maximum possible value for the track. The vertical plane at right angles to the line AB at its centre point is the median plane of the tractor.

• 1.4. Wheelbase

The distance between the vertical planes passing through the two lines AB as defined above, one for the front wheels and one for the rear-wheels.  For tractors fitted with tracks: the distance between the vertical planes perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the axles of the driving wheels.

• 1.5. Determination of seat index point; seat location and adjustment for test

1.5.1.   Seat index point (SIP)⁽²⁾

The seat index point shall be determined in accordance with ISO 5353:1995

1.5.2.   Seat location and adjustment for test

• 1.5.2.1. where the seat position is adjustable, the seat must be adjusted to its rear uppermost position;

• 1.5.2.2. where the inclination of the backrest is adjustable, it must be adjusted to the mid position;

• 1.5.2.3. where the seat is equipped with suspension, the latter must be blocked at mid-travel, unless this is contrary to the instructions clearly laid down by the seat manufacturer;

• 1.5.2.4. where the position of the seat is adjustable only lengthwise and vertically, the longitudinal axis passing through the Seat Index Point shall be parallel with the vertical longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the centre of the steering wheel and not more than 100 mm from that plane.

• 1.6. Clearance zone

1.6.1.   Reference vertical plane and line

The clearance zone (figure 6.1) is defined on the basis of a vertical reference plane and a reference line:

• 1.6.1.1. The reference plane is a vertical plane, generally longitudinal to the tractor and passing through the Seat Index Point and the centre of the steering wheel. Normally the reference plane coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor. This reference plane shall be assumed to move horizontally with the seat and steering wheel during loading but to remain perpendicular to the tractor or the floor of the roll-over protective structure.

• 1.6.1.2. The reference line is the line contained in the reference plane that passes through a point located 140 + ah rearward and 90 – av below the Seat Index Point and the first point on the steering wheel rim that it intersects when brought to the horizontal.

1.6.2.   Determination of the clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat

The clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat is defined in 1.6.2.1 to 1.6.2.11 below and is bounded by the following planes, the tractor being on a horizontal surface, the seat adjusted and located as specified in sections 1.5.2.1 to 1.5.2.4⁽³⁾, and the steering wheel, where adjustable, adjusted to the mid position for seated driving:

• 1.6.2.1. two vertical planes 250 mm on either side of the reference plane, these vertical planes extending 300 mm upwards from the plane defined in 1.6.2.8 below and longitudinally at least 550 mm in front of the vertical plane perpendicular to the reference plane passing (210 – ah) mm in front of the Seat Index Point;

• 1.6.2.2. two vertical planes 200 mm on either side of the reference plane, these vertical planes extending 300 mm upwards from the plane defined in 1.6.2.8 below and longitudinally from the surface defined in 1.6.2.11 below to the vertical plane perpendicular to the reference plane passing (210 – ah) mm in front of the Seat Index Point;

• 1.6.2.3. an inclined plane perpendicular to the reference plane, parallel with and 400 mm above the reference line, extending backwards to the point where it intersects the vertical plane which is perpendicular to the reference plane and which passes through a point (140 + ah) mm rearward of the Seat Index Point;

• 1.6.2.4. an inclined plane, perpendicular to the reference plane which meets the plane defined in 1.6.2.3 above at its rearmost edge and rests on the top of the seat back rest;

• 1.6.2.5. a vertical plane perpendicular to the reference plane, passing at least 40 mm forward of the steering wheel and at least 760 – ah forward of the Seat Index Point;

• 1.6.2.6. a cylindrical surface with its axis perpendicular to the reference plane, having a radius of 150 mm and tangential to the planes defined in 1.6.2.3 and 1.6.2.5;

• 1.6.2.7. two parallel inclined planes passing through the upper edges of the planes defined in 1.6.2.1 above with the inclined plane on the side where the impact is applied no closer than 100 mm to the reference plane above the zone of clearance;

• 1.6.2.8. a horizontal plane passing through a point 90 – av below the Seat Index Point;

• 1.6.2.9. two portions of the vertical plane perpendicular to the reference plane passing 210 – ah forward of the Seat Index Point, both these part planes joining respectively the rearmost limits of the planes defined in 1.6.2.1 above to the foremost limits of the planes defined in 1.6.2.2 above;

• 1.6.2.10. two portions of the horizontal plane passing 300 mm above plane defined in 1.6.2.8 above, both these part planes joining respectively the uppermost limits of the vertical planes defined in 1.6.2.2 above to the lowermost limits of the oblique planes defined in 1.6.2.7 above;

• 1.6.2.11. a surface, curved if necessary, whose generating line is perpendicular to the reference plane and rests on the back of the seat backrest.

1.6.3.   Determination of the clearance zone for tractors with a reversible driver’s position

For tractors with a reversible driver’s position (reversible seat and steering wheel), the clearance zone is the envelope of the two clearance zones defined by the two different positions of the steering wheel and the seat. For each position of steering wheel and the seat the clearance zone shall respectively be defined on the basis of above sections 1.6.1 and 1.6.2 for driver’s position in normal position and on the basis of sections 1.6.1 and 1.6.2 of Annex X for driver’s position in reverse position (see figure 6.2).

1.6.4.   Optional seats

• 1.6.4.1. In case of tractors that could be fitted with optional seats, the envelope comprising the Seat Index Points of all options offered shall be used during the tests. The protective structure shall not enter the larger clearance zone which takes account of these different Seat Index Points.

• 1.6.4.2. In the case where a new seat option is offered after the test has been performed, a determination shall be made to see whether the clearance zone around the new SIP falls within the envelope previously established. If it does not, a new test must be performed.

• 1.6.4.3. Optional seat does not include a seat for a person in addition to the driver and from where the tractor cannot be controlled. The SIP shall not be determined because the definition of the clearance zone is in relation to the driver seat.

• 1.7. Mass

1.7.1.   Unballasted / Unladen Mass

The mass of the tractor excluding optional accessories but including coolant, oils, fuel, tools plus the protective structure. Not included are optional front or rear weights, tyre ballast, mounted implements, mounted equipment or any specialised components;

1.7.2.   Maximum Permissible Mass

The maximum mass of the tractor stated by the manufacturer to be technically permissible and declared on the vehicle’s identification plate and/or in the Operator’s Handbook;

1.7.3.   Reference Mass

The mass, selected by the manufacturer, used in formulae to calculate the height of fall of the pendulum block, the energy inputs and crushing forces to be used in the tests. Must not be less than the unballasted mass and must be sufficient to ensure the Mass Ratio does not exceed 1,75 (see Sections 1.7.4 and 2.1.3);

1.7.4.   Mass Ratio

The ratio of

Image omitted; see official source

This must not be greater than 1,75.

• 1.8. Permissible measurement tolerances

Linear dimension:		± 3 mm
except for:	- - tyre deflection:	± 1 mm
	- - structure deflection during horizontal loadings:	± 1 mm
	- - height of fall of the pendulum block:	± 1 mm
Masses:		± 0,2 % (of the sensor full scale)
Forces:		± 0,1 % (of the full scale)
Angles:		± 0,1°

• 1.9. Symbols

ah	(mm)	Half of the horizontal seat adjustment
av	(mm)	Half of the vertical seat adjustment
B	(mm)	Minimum overall width of the tractor;
Bb	(mm)	Maximum outer width of the protective structure;
D	(mm)	Deflection of the structure at the point of impact (dynamic tests) or at the point of, and in line with, the load application (static tests);
D'	(mm)	Deflection of the structure for the calculated energy required;
Ea	(J)	Strain energy absorbed at point when load is removed. Area contained within F-D curve;
Ei	(J)	Strain energy absorbed. Area under F-D curve;
E'i	(J)	Strain energy absorbed after additional loading following a crack or tear;
E''i	(J)	Strain energy absorbed in overload test in the event of the load having been removed before starting this overload test. Area under F-D curve;
Eil	(J)	Energy input to be absorbed during longitudinal loading;
Eis	(J)	Energy input to be absorbed during side loading;
F	(N)	Static load force;
F'	(N)	Loading force for calculated energy required, corresponding to E’i ;
F-D		Force/deflection diagram;
Fi	(N)	Force applied to rear hard fixture;
Fmax	(N)	Maximum static load force occurring during loading, with the exception of the overload;
Fv	(N)	Vertical crushing force;
H	(mm)	Falling height of the pendulum block (dynamic tests);
H’	(mm)	Falling height of the pendulum block for additional test (dynamic tests);
I	(kg.m2)	Tractor reference moment of inertia about the centre line of the rear wheels, whatever the mass of these rear wheels may be;
L	(mm)	Tractor reference wheelbase;
M	(kg)	Tractor reference mass during strength tests.

2. Field of application

• 2.1.This Annex shall apply to tractors having the following characteristics:

• 2.1.1. ground clearance of not more than 600 mm beneath the lowest points of the front and rear axles, allowing for the differential;

• 2.1.2. fixed or adjustable minimum track width with one of the axles less than 1 150 mm fitted with tyres or tracks of a larger size. It is assumed that the axle mounted with the wider tyres or tracks is set at a track width of not more than 1 150 mm. It must be possible to set the track width of the other axle in such a way that the outer edges of the narrower tyres or tracks do not go beyond the outer edges of the tyres or tracks of the other axle. Where the two axles are fitted with rims and tyres or tracks of the same size, the fixed or adjustable track width of the two axles must be less than 1 150 mm;

• 2.1.3. mass greater than 400 kg but less than 3 500 kg, corresponding to the unladen mass of the tractor, including the roll-over protective structure and tyres or tracks of the largest size recommended by the manufacturer. The maximum permissible mass shall not exceed 5 250 kg and the Mass Ratio (Maximum Permissible Mass/Reference Mass) must not be greater than 1,75;

• 2.1.4. and being fitted with roll-over protective structures of the dual-pillar type mounted only in front of the Seat Index Point and characterised by a reduced clearance zone attributable to the tractor silhouette, thus rendering it inadvisable, under any circumstances, to impede access to the driving position but worthwhile retaining these structures (fold-down or not) in view of their undoubted ease of use.

• 2.2.It is recognised that there may be designs of tractors, for example, special forestry machines, such as forwarders and skidders, for which this Annex is not applicable.

B1.   STATIC TEST PROCEDURE

3. Rules and directions

3.1.   Prior conditions for the strength tests

3.1.1.   Completion of two preliminary tests

The protective structure may only be subjected to the strength tests if both the Lateral Stability Test and the Non-Continuous Rolling Test have been satisfactorily completed (see flow diagram as figure 6.3).

3.1.2.   Preparation for the preliminary tests

• 3.1.2.1. The tractor must be equipped with the protective structure in its safety position.

• 3.1.2.2. The tractor must be fitted with tyres having the greatest diameter indicated by the manufacturer and the smallest cross-section for tyres of that diameter. The tyres must not be liquid-ballasted and must be inflated to the pressure recommended for field work.

• 3.1.2.3. The rear wheels must be set to the narrowest track width; the front wheels must be set as closely as possible to the same track width. If it is possible to have two front track settings which differ equally from the narrowest rear track setting, the wider of these two front track settings must be selected.  In case of tractor fitted with tracks, the manufacturer shall define the tracks setting.

• 3.1.2.4. All the tractor’s tanks must be filled or the liquids must be replaced by an equivalent mass in the corresponding position.

• 3.1.2.5. All attachments used in the series production shall be fixed to the tractor in the normal position.

3.1.3.   Lateral stability test

• 3.1.3.1. The tractor, prepared as specified above, is placed on a horizontal plane so that the tractor front-axle pivot point or, in the case of an articulated tractor, the horizontal pivot point between the two axles can move freely.

• 3.1.3.2. Using a jack or a hoist, tilt the part of the tractor which is rigidly connected to the axle that bears more than 50 per cent of the tractor’s weight, while constantly measuring the angle of inclination.  This angle must be at least 38° at the moment when the tractor is resting in a state of unstable equilibrium on the wheels or tracks touching the ground. Perform the test once with the steering wheel turned to full right lock and once with the steering wheel turned to full left lock.

3.1.4.   Non-continuous rolling test

3.1.4.1.   General remarks

This test is intended to check whether a structure fitted to the tractor for the protection of the driver can satisfactorily prevent continuous roll-over of the tractor in the event of its overturning laterally on a slope with a gradient of 1 in 1.5 (figure 6.4).

Evidence of non-continuous rolling can be provided in accordance with one of the two methods described in 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.4.3.

3.1.4.2.   Demonstration of non-continuous rolling behaviour by means of the overturning test

• 3.1.4.2.1.The overturning test must be carried out on a test slope at least four metres long (see figure 6.4). The surface must be covered with an 18-cm layer of a material that, as measured in accordance with Standards ASAE S313.3 FEB1999 and ASAE EP542 FEB1999 relating to soil cone penetrometer, has a cone penetration index of: