Regulation (EU) 2021/821 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2021 setting up a Union regime for the control of exports, brokering, technical assistance, transit and transfer of dual-use items (recast)

6.

For the purposes of 2B001.a. to 2B001.c., measurement uncertainty for the "unidirectional positioning repeatability" of machine tools, as defined in the ISO 230-2:2014 or national equivalents, shall not be considered.

7.

For the purposes of 2B001.a. to 2B001.c., the measurement of axes shall be made according to test procedures in 5.3.2. of ISO 230-2:2014. Tests for axes longer than 2 meters shall be made over 2 m segments. Axes longer than 4 m require multiple tests (e.g., two tests for axes longer than 4 m and up to 8 m, three tests for axes longer than 8 m and up to 12 m), each over 2 m segments and distributed in equal intervals over the axis length. Test segments are equally spaced along the full axis length, with any excess length equally divided at the beginning, in between, and at the end of the test segments. The smallest "unidirectional positioning repeatability"-value of all test segments is to be reported.

2B001Machine tools and any combination thereof, for removing (or cutting) metals, ceramics or "composites", which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for "numerical control", as follows:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B201.

Note 1:

2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of gears. For such machines see 2B003.

Note 2:

2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following:

a. Crankshafts or camshafts;

b. Tools or cutters;

c. Extruder worms;

d. Engraved or facetted jewellery parts; or

e. Dental prostheses.

Note 3:

A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g., a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a., b. or c.

Note 4:

A machine tool having an additive manufacturing capability in addition to a turning, milling or grinding capability must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a., .b. or .c.

N.B.

For optical finishing machines, see 2B002.

a. Machine tools for turning having two or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control" having any of the following:

Note 1:

2B001.a. does not control turning machines specially designed for producing contact lenses, having all of the following: a. Machine controller limited to using ophthalmic based software for part programming data input; and b. No vacuum chucking. Note 2:

2B001.a. does not control bar machines (Swissturn), limited to machining only bar feed thru, if maximum bar diameter is equal to or less than 42 mm and there is no capability of mounting chucks. Machines may have drilling or milling capabilities for machining parts with diameters less than 42 mm.

b. Machine tools for milling having any of the following:

a. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 0,9 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length less than 1,0 m; or b. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 1,1 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 1,0m;

a. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 0,9 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length less than 1,0 m; b. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 1,4 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 1 m and less than 4 m; or c. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 6,0 μm (along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 4 m;

a. Spindle 'run-out' and 'camming' less (better) than 0,0004 mm TIR; and b. Angular deviation of slide movement (yaw, pitch and roll) less (better) than 2 seconds of arc, TIR over 300 mm of travel; Technical Notes: For the purposes of 2B001.b.4.a.: 1.

'Run-out' (out-of-true running) is the radial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis at a point on the external or internal revolving surface to be tested (ISO 230-1:2012). 2.

'Camming' (axial displacement) is axial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle faceplate, at a point next to the circumference of the spindle faceplate (ISO 230-1:2012).

c. Machine tools for grinding having any of the following:

a. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 1,1 μm along one or more linear axis; and b. Three or four axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control"; or

a. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 1,1 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length less than 1 m; b. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 1,4 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 1 m and less than 4 m; or c. "Unidirectional positioning repeatability" equal to or less (better) than 6,0 μm along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 4 m; Note:

2B001.c. does not control grinding machine as follows: a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external-internal grinding machines, having all of the following: 1. Limited to cylindrical grinding; and 2. Limited to a maximum workpiece capacity of 150 mm outside diameter or length; b. Machines designed specifically as jig grinders that do not have a z-axis or a w-axis, with a "unidirectional positioning repeatability" less (better) than 1,1 μm; c. Surface grinders.

d. Electrical discharge machines (EDM) of the non-wire type which have two or more rotary axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control";

e. Machine tools for removing metals, ceramics or "composites", having all of the following:

a. Water or other liquid jets, including those employing abrasive additives; b. Electron beam; or c. "Laser" beam; and

a. Can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control"; and b. A positioning "accuracy" of less (better) than 0,003°;

f. Deep-hole-drilling machines and turning machines modified for deep-hole-drilling, having a maximum depth-of-bore capability exceeding 5m.

2B002Numerically controlled optical finishing machine tools equipped for selective material removal to produce non-spherical optical surfaces having all of the following characteristics:

a. Finishing the form to less (better) than 1,0 μm;

b. Finishing to a roughness less (better) than 100 nm rms.

c. Four or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control"; and

d. Using any of the following processes:

For the purposes of 2B002:

1.

'MRF' is a material removal process using an abrasive magnetic fluid whose viscosity is controlled by a magnetic field.

2.

'ERF' is a removal process using an abrasive fluid whose viscosity is controlled by an electric field.

3.

'Energetic particle beam finishing' uses Reactive Atom Plasmas (RAP) or ion-beams to selectively remove material.

4.

'Inflatable membrane tool finishing' is a process that uses a pressurized membrane that deforms to contact the workpiece over a small area.

5.

'Fluid jet finishing' makes use of a fluid stream for material removal.

2B003"Numerically controlled" machine tools, specially designed for the shaving, finishing, grinding or honing of hardened (Rc=40 or more) spur, helical and double-helical gears having all of the following:

a. A pitch diameter exceeding 1 250  mm;

b. A face width of 15 % of pitch diameter or larger; and

c. A finished quality of AGMA 14 or better (equivalent to ISO 1328 class 3).

2B004Hot "isostatic presses" having all of the following, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B104 and 2B204.

a. A controlled thermal environment within the closed cavity and a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 406 mm or more; and

b. Having any of the following:

For the purposes of 2B004, the inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.

N.B.

For specially designed dies, moulds and tooling, see 1B003, 9B009 and the Military Goods Controls.

2B005Equipment specially designed for the deposition, processing and in-process control of inorganic overlays, coatings and surface modifications, as follows, for substrates specified in column 2, by processes shown in column 1 in the Table following 2E003.f., and specially designed automated handling, positioning, manipulation and control components therefor:

a. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) production equipment having all of the following: N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B105.

a. Pulsating CVD; b. Controlled nucleation thermal deposition (CNTD); or c. Plasma enhanced or plasma assisted CVD; and

a. Incorporating high vacuum (equal to or less than 0,01 Pa) rotating seals; or b. Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;

b. Ion implantation production equipment having beam currents of 5 mA or more;

c. Electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) production equipment incorporating power systems rated for over 80 kW and having any of the following:

d. Plasma spraying production equipment having any of the following:

e. Sputter deposition production equipment capable of current densities of 0,1 mA/mm² or higher at a deposition rate of 15 μm/h or more;

f. Cathodic arc deposition production equipment incorporating a grid of electromagnets for steering control of the arc spot on the cathode;

g. Ion plating production equipment capable of the in situ measurement of any of the following:

Note:

2B005 does not control chemical vapour deposition, cathodic arc, sputter deposition, ion plating or ion implantation equipment, specially designed for cutting or machining tools.

2B006Dimensional inspection or measuring systems, equipment, position feedback units and "electronic assemblies", as follows:

a. Computer controlled or "numerical controlled" Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM), having a three dimensional (volumetric) maximum permissible error of length measurement (E0,MPE) at any point within the operating range of the machine (i.e., within the length of axes) equal to or less (better) than (1,7 + L/1 000 ) μm (L is the measured length in mm), according to ISO 10360-2:2009; Technical Note: For the purposes of 2B006.a., the E0,MPE of the most accurate configuration of the CMM specified by the manufacturer (e.g., best of the following: probe, stylus length, motion parameters, environment) and with "all compensations available" shall be compared to the 1,7+L/1 000 μm threshold. N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B206.

b. Linear displacement measuring instruments or systems, linear position feedback units, and "electronic assemblies", as follows: Note:

Interferometer and optical-encoder measuring systems containing a "laser" are only specified in 2B006.b.3 and 2B206.c.

Technical Notes: For the purposes of 2B006.b.1.: 1.

'Non -contact type measuring systems' are designed to measure the distance between the probe and measured object along a single vector, where the probe or measured object is in motion. 2.

'Measuring range' means the distance between the minimum and maximum working distance.

a. Containing a "laser"; b. A 'resolution' over their full scale of 0,200 nm or less (better); and c. Capable of achieving a "measurement uncertainty" equal to or less (better) than (1,6 + L/2 000 ) nm (L is the measured length in mm) at any point within a measuring range, when compensated for the refractive index of air and measured over a period of 30 seconds at a temperature of 20 ± 0,01 °C;

Technical Note: For the purposes of 2B006.b., 'resolution' is the least increment of a measuring device; on digital instruments, the least significant bit.

c. Rotary position feedback units specially designed for machine tools or angular displacement measuring instruments, having an angular position "accuracy" equal to or less (better) than 0,9 second of arc; Note:

2B006.c. does not control optical instruments, such as autocollimators, using collimated light (e.g. "laser" light) to detect angular displacement of a mirror.

d. Equipment for measuring surface roughness (including surface defects), by measuring optical scatter with a sensitivity of 0,5 nm or less (better).

Note:

2B006 includes machine tools, other than those specified in 2B001, that can be used as measuring machines if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the measuring machine function.

2B007"Robots" having any of the following characteristics and specially designed controllers and "end-effectors" therefor:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B207.

a. Not used;

b. Specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to potentially explosive munitions environments; Note:

2B007.b. does not control "robots" specially designed for paint-spraying booths.

c. Specially designed or rated as radiation-hardened to withstand a total radiation dose greater than 5 × 10³ Gy (silicon) without operational degradation; or Technical Note: The term Gy (silicon) refers to the energy in Joules per kilogram absorbed by an unshielded silicon sample when exposed to ionising radiation.

d. Specially designed to operate at altitudes exceeding 30 000  m.

2B008'Compound rotary tables' and "tilting spindles", specially designed for machine tools, as follows:

a. Not used;

b. Not used;

c. 'Compound rotary tables' having all of the following:

Technical Note: For the purposes of 2B008.c., a 'compound rotary table' is a table allowing the workpiece to rotate and tilt about two non-parallel axes.

d. "Tilting spindles" having all of the following :

2B009Spin-forming machines and flow-forming machines, which, according to the manufacturer's technical specification, can be equipped with "numerical control" units or a computer control and having all of the following:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B109 AND 2B209.

a. Three or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control"; and

b. A roller force more than 60 kN.

For the purposes of 2B009, machines combining the function of spin-forming and flow-forming are regarded as flow-forming machines.

2B104"Isostatic presses", other than those specified in 2B004, having all of the following:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B204.

a. Maximum working pressure of 69 MPa or greater;

b. Designed to achieve and maintain a controlled thermal environment of 873 K (600 °C) or greater; and

c. Possessing a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 254 mm or greater.

2B105Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) furnaces, other than those specified in 2B005.a., designed or modified for the densification of carbon-carbon composites.

2B109Flow-forming machines, other than those specified in 2B009, usable in the "production" of propulsion components and equipment (e.g. motor cases and interstages) for "missiles", and specially designed components as follows:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B209.

a. Flow-forming machines having all of the following:

b. Specially designed components for flow-forming machines specified in 2B009 or 2B109.a.

Machines combining the function of spin-forming and flow-forming are for the purpose of 2B109 regarded as flow-forming machines.

2B116Vibration test systems, equipment and components therefor, as follows:

a. 'Vibration test systems incorporating a digital controller' and employing feedback or closed loop techniques, capable of vibrating a system at an acceleration equal to or greater than 10 g rms between 20 Hz and 2 kHz while imparting forces equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured 'bare table'; Technical Note: In 2B116.a., 'vibration test systems incorporating a digital controller' are those systems, the functions of which are, partly or entirely, automatically controlled by stored and digitally coded electrical signals.

b. Digital controllers, combined with specially designed vibration test software, with a 'real-time control bandwidth' greater than 5 kHz designed for use with systems specified in 2B116.a.; Technical Note: In 2B116.b., 'real-time control bandwidth' means the maximum rate at which a controller can execute complete cycles of sampling, processing data and transmitting control signals.

c. Vibration thrusters (shaker units), with or without associated amplifiers, capable of imparting a force equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured 'bare table', and usable in systems specified in 2B116.a.;

d. Test piece support structures and electronic units designed to combine multiple shaker units in a system capable of providing an effective combined force equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured 'bare table', and usable in systems specified in 2B116.a.

In 2B116, 'bare table' means a flat table, or surface, with no fixture or fittings.

2B117Equipment and process controls, other than those specified in 2B004, 2B005.a., 2B104 or 2B105, designed or modified for densification and pyrolysis of structural composite rocket nozzles and reentry vehicle nose tips.

2B119Balancing machines and related equipment, as follows:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B219.

a. Balancing machines having all of the following characteristics:

Note:

2B119.a. does not control balancing machines designed or modified for dental or other medical equipment.

b. Indicator heads designed or modified for use with machines specified in 2B119.a. Technical Note: Indicator heads are sometimes known as balancing instrumentation.

2B120Motion simulators or rate tables having all of the following characteristics:

a. Two or more axes;

b. Designed or modified to incorporate slip rings or integrated non-contact devices capable of transferring electrical power, signal information, or both; and

c. Having any of the following characteristics:

a. Capable of rates of 400 degrees/s or more, or 30 degrees/s or less; and b. A rate resolution equal to or less than 6 degrees/s and an accuracy equal to or less than 0,6 degrees/s;

Note 1:

2B120 does not control rotary tables designed or modified for machine tools or for medical equipment. For controls on machine tool rotary tables see 2B008.

Note 2:

Motion simulators or rate tables specified in 2B120 remain controlled whether or not slip rings or integrated non-contact devices are fitted at time of export.

2B121Positioning tables (equipment capable of precise rotary positioning in any axes), other than those specified in 2B120, having all of the following characteristics:

a. Two or more axes; and

b. A positioning "accuracy" equal to or less (better) than 5 arc second.

Note:

2B121 does not control rotary tables designed or modified for machine tools or for medical equipment. For controls on machine tool rotary tables see 2B008.

2B122Centrifuges capable of imparting accelerations greater than 100 g and designed or modified to incorporate slip rings or integrated non-contact devices capable of transferring electrical power, signal information, or both.

Note:

Centrifuges specified in 2B122 remain controlled whether or not slip rings or integrated non-contact devices are fitted at time of export.

2B201Machine tools and any combination thereof, other than those specified in 2B001, as follows, for removing or cutting metals, ceramics or "composites", which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for simultaneous "contouring control" in two or more axes:

Stated positioning accuracy levels derived under the following procedures from measurements made according to ISO 230-2:1988 (¹⁰) or national equivalents may be used for each machine tool model if provided to, and accepted by, national authorities instead of individual machine tests. Determination of stated positioning accuracy:

a. Select five machines of a model to be evaluated;

b. Measure the linear axis accuracies according to ISO 230-2:1988 (⁶);

c. Determine the accuracy values (A) for each axis of each machine. The method of calculating the accuracy value is described in the ISO 230-2:1988 (⁶) standard;

d. Determine the average accuracy value of each axis. This average value becomes the stated positioning accuracy of each axis for the model (Âx Ây...);

e. Since item 2B201 refers to each linear axis, there will be as many stated positioning accuracy values as there are linear axes;

f. If any axis of a machine tool not specified in 2B201.a., 2B201.b. or 2B201.c. has a stated positioning accuracy of 6 μm or better (less) for grinding machines, and 8 μm or better (less) for milling and turning machines, both according to ISO 230-2:1988 (⁶), then the builder should be required to reaffirm the accuracy level once every eighteen months.

a. Machine tools for milling, having any of the following characteristics:

Note: 2B201.a. does not control milling machines having the following characteristics: a. X-axis travel greater than 2 m; and b. Overall positioning accuracy on the x-axis more (worse) than 30 μm.

b. Machine tools for grinding, having any of the following characteristics:

Note: 2B201.b. does not control grinding machines as follows: a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external-internal grinding machines having all of the following characteristics: 1. Limited to a maximum workpiece capacity of 150 mm outside diameter or length; and 2. Axes limited to x, z and c; b. Jig grinders that do not have a z-axis or a w-axis with an overall positioning accuracy less (better) than 4 μm according to ISO 230-2:1988⁶ or national equivalents.

c. Machine tools for turning, that have positioning accuracies with "all compensations available" better (less) than 6 μm according to ISO 230-2:1988 (⁶) along any linear axis (overall positioning) for machines capable of machining diameters greater than 35 mm; Note: 2B201.c. does not control bar machines (Swissturn), limited to machining only bar feed thru, if maximum bar diameter is equal to or less than 42 mm and there is no capability of mounting chucks. Machines may have drilling and/or milling capabilities for machining parts with diameters less than 42 mm.

Note 1: 2B201 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following parts:

a. Gears;

b. Crankshafts or camshafts;

c. Tools or cutters;

d. Extruder worms.

Note 2: A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g., a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B201.a., .b. or .c.

Note 3: 2B201.a.3. and 2B201.b.3. include machines based on a parallel linear kinematic design (e.g., hexapods) that have 5 or more axes none of which is a rotary axis.

2B204"Isostatic presses", other than those specified in 2B004 or 2B104, and related equipment, as follows:

a. "Isostatic presses" having both of the following characteristics:

b. Dies, moulds and controls, specially designed for "isostatic presses" specified in 2B204.a.

In 2B204 the inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.

2B206Dimensional inspection machines, instruments or systems, other than those specified in 2B006, as follows:

a. Computer controlled or numerically controlled coordinate measuring machines (CMM) having either of the following characteristics:

Technical Note: The E0,MPE of the most accurate configuration of the CMM specified according to ISO 10360-2:2009 by the manufacturer (e.g., best of the following: probe, stylus, length, motion parameters, environments) and with all compensations available shall be compared to the (1,7 + L/800) μm threshold.

b. Systems for simultaneous linear-angular inspection of hemishells, having both of the following characteristics:

c. 'Linear displacement' measuring systems having all of the following characteristics: Technical Note: For the purpose of 2B206.c. 'linear displacement' means the change of distance between the measuring probe and the measured object.

a. A 'resolution' over their full scale of 0,1 μm or better; and Technical Note: For the purpose of 2B206.c.2.a. 'resolution' is the least increment of a measuring device; on digital instruments, the least significant bit. b. With a "measurement uncertainty" equal to or better (less) than (0,2 + L/2 000 ) μm (L is the measured length in mm). Note:

2B206.c. does not control measuring interferometer systems, without closed or open loop feedback, containing a laser to measure slide movement errors of machine tools, dimensional inspection machines, or similar equipment.

d. Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) systems having both of the following characteristics: Technical Note: For the purpose of 2B206.d. 'linear displacement' means the change of distance between the measuring probe and the measured object.

a. "Linearity" equal to or less (better) than 0,1 % measured from 0 to the full operating range, for LVDTs with an operating range up to 5 mm; or b. "Linearity" equal to or less (better) than 0,1 % measured from 0 to 5 mm for LVDTs with an operating range greater than 5 mm; and

Note 1:

Machine tools that can be used as measuring machines are controlled if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the machine tool function or the measuring machine function.

Note 2:

A machine specified in 2B206 is controlled if it exceeds the control threshold anywhere within its operating range.

All parameters of measurement values in 2B206 represent plus/minus i.e., not total band.

2B207"Robots", "end-effectors" and control units, other than those specified in 2B007, as follows:

a. "Robots" or "end-effectors" specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to handling high explosives (for example, meeting electrical code ratings for high explosives);

b. Control units specially designed for any of the "robots" or "end-effectors" specified in 2B207.a.

2B209Flow forming machines, spin forming machines capable of flow forming functions, other than those specified in 2B009 or 2B109, and mandrels, as follows:

a. Machines having both of the following characteristics:

b. Rotor-forming mandrels designed to form cylindrical rotors of inside diameter between 75 mm and 650 mm.

Note:

2B209.a. includes machines which have only a single roller designed to deform metal plus two auxiliary rollers which support the mandrel, but do not participate directly in the deformation process.

2B219Centrifugal multiplane balancing machines, fixed or portable, horizontal or vertical, as follows:

a. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing flexible rotors having a length of 600 mm or more and having all of the following characteristics:

b. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing hollow cylindrical rotor components and having all of the following characteristics:

2B225Remote manipulators that can be used to provide remote actions in radiochemical separation operations or hot cells, having either of the following characteristics:

a. A capability of penetrating 0,6 m or more of hot cell wall (through-the-wall operation); or

b. A capability of bridging over the top of a hot cell wall with a thickness of 0,6 m or more (over-the-wall operation).

Remote manipulators provide translation of human operator actions to a remote operating arm and terminal fixture. They may be of 'master/slave' type or operated by joystick or keypad.

2B226Controlled atmosphere (vacuum or inert gas) induction furnaces, other than those specified in 9B001 and 3B001, and power supplies therefor, as follows:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 3B001 and 9B001.

a. Furnaces having all of the following characteristics:

Note:

2B226.a. does not control furnaces designed for the processing of semiconductor wafers.

b. Power supplies, with a specified power output of 5 kW or more, specially designed for furnaces specified in 2B226.a.

2B227Vacuum or other controlled atmosphere metallurgical melting and casting furnaces and related equipment as follows:

a. Arc remelt furnaces, arc melt furnaces and arc melt and casting furnaces having both of the following characteristics:

b. Electron beam melting furnaces, plasma atomisation furnaces and plasma melting furnaces, having both of the following characteristics:

c. Computer control and monitoring systems specially configured for any of the furnaces specified in 2B227.a. or 2B227.b.;

d. Plasma torches specially designed for furnaces specified in 2B227.b. having both of the following characteristics:

e. Electron beam guns specially designed for the furnaces specified in 2B227.b. operating at a power greater than 50 kW.

2B228Rotor fabrication or assembly equipment, rotor straightening equipment, bellows-forming mandrels and dies, as follows:

a. Rotor assembly equipment for assembly of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections, baffles, and end caps; Note:

2B228.a. includes precision mandrels, clamps, and shrink fit machines.

b. Rotor straightening equipment for alignment of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections to a common axis; Technical Note: In 2B228.b. such equipment normally consists of precision measuring probes linked to a computer that subsequently controls the action of, for example, pneumatic rams used for aligning the rotor tube sections.

c. Bellows-forming mandrels and dies for producing single-convolution bellows. Technical Note: In 2B228.c. the bellows have all of the following characteristics: 1. Inside diameter between 75 mm and 650 mm; 2. Length equal to or greater than 12,7 mm; 3. Single convolution depth greater than 2 mm; and 4. Made of high-strength aluminium alloys, maraging steel or high strength "fibrous or filamentary materials".

2B230All types of 'pressure transducers' capable of measuring absolute pressures and having all of the following:

a. Pressure sensing elements made of or protected by aluminium, aluminium alloy, aluminium oxide (alumina or sapphire), nickel, nickel alloy with more than 60 % nickel by weight, or fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers;

b. Seals, if any, essential for sealing the pressure sensing element, and in direct contact with the process medium, made of or protected by aluminium, aluminium alloy, aluminium oxide (alumina or sapphire), nickel, nickel alloy with more than 60 % nickel by weight, or fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers; and

c. Having either of the following characteristics:

1.

In 2B230 'pressure transducer' means a device that converts a pressure measurement into a signal.

2.

For the purposes of 2B230, 'accuracy' includes non-linearity, hysteresis and repeatability at ambient temperature.

2B231Vacuum pumps having all of the following characteristics:

a. Input throat size equal to or greater than 380 mm;

b. Pumping speed equal to or greater than 15 m³/s; and

c. Capable of producing an ultimate vacuum better than 13 mPa.

1.

The pumping speed is determined at the measurement point with nitrogen gas or air.

2.

The ultimate vacuum is determined at the input of the pump with the input of the pump blocked off.

2B232High-velocity gun systems (propellant, gas, coil, electromagnetic, and electrothermal types, and other advanced systems) capable of accelerating projectiles to 1,5 km/s or greater.

N.B.

SEE ALSO MILTARY GOODS CONTROLS.

2B233Bellows-sealed scroll-type compressors and bellows-sealed scroll-type vacuum pumps having all of the following:

N.B.

SEE ALSO 2B350.i.

a. Capable of an inlet volume flow rate of 50 m³/h or greater;

b. Capable of a pressure ratio of 2:1 or greater; and

c. Having all surfaces that come in contact with the process gas made from any of the following materials:

2B350Chemical manufacturing facilities, equipment and components, as follows:

a. Reaction vessels or reactors, with or without agitators, with total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0,1 m³ (100 litres) and less than 20 m³ (20 000  litres), where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials: N.B.

For prefabricated repair assemblies, see 2B350.k.

b. Agitators designed for use in reaction vessels or reactors specified in 2B350.a.; and impellers, blades or shafts designed for such agitators, where all surfaces of the agitator that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

c. Storage tanks, containers or receivers with a total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0,1 m³ (100 litres) where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials: N.B.

For prefabricated repair assemblies, see 2B350.k.

d. Heat exchangers or condensers with a heat transfer surface area greater than 0,15 m², and less than 20 m²; and tubes, plates, coils or blocks (cores) designed for such heat exchangers or condensers, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

e. Distillation or absorption columns of internal diameter greater than 0,1 m; and liquid distributors, vapour distributors or liquid collectors designed for such distillation or absorption columns, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

f. Remotely operated filling equipment in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

g. Valves and components, as follows:

a. A 'nominal size' greater than DN 10 or NPS 3/8; and b. All surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being produced, processed, or contained are made from 'corrosion resistant materials';

a. A 'nominal size' equal to or greater than DN 25 or NPS 1 and equal to or less than DN 100 or NPS 4; b. Casings (valve bodies) or preformed casing liners; c. A closure element designed to be interchangeable; and d. All surfaces of the casing (valve body) or preformed case liner that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being produced, processed, or contained are made from 'corrosion resistant materials';

a. Casings (valve bodies); b. Preformed casing liners; Technical Notes: 1.

For the purposes of 2B350.g., 'corrosion resistant materials' means any of the following materials:

a. Nickel or alloys with more than 40 % nickel by weight; b. Alloys with more than 25 % nickel and 20 % chromium by weight; c. Fluoropolymers (polymeric or elastomeric materials with more than 35 % fluorine by weight); d. Glass or glass-lined (including vitrified or enamelled coating); e. Tantalum or tantalum alloys; f. Titanium or titanium alloys; g. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; h. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys; or i. Ceramic materials as follows: 1. Silicon carbide with a purity of 80 % or more by weight; 2. Aluminium oxide (alumina) with a purity of 99,9 % or more by weight; 3. Zirconium oxide (zirconia). 2.

The 'nominal size' is defined as the smaller of the inlet and outlet diameters. 3.

Nominal sizes (DN) of valves are in accordance with ISO 6708:1995. Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS) are in accordance with ASME B36.10 or B36.19 or national equivalents.

h. Multi-walled piping incorporating a leak detection port, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

i. Multiple-seal and seal-less pumps, with manufacturer's specified maximum flow-rate greater than 0,6 m³/hour, or vacuum pumps with manufacturer's specified maximum flow-rate greater than 5 m³/hour (under standard temperature (273 K (0 °C)) and pressure (101,3 kPa) conditions), other than those specified in 2B233; and casings (pump bodies), preformed casing liners, impellers, rotors or jet pump nozzles designed for such pumps, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

Technical Note: In 2B350.i., the term seal refers to only those seals that come into direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed (or are designed to), and provide a sealing function where a rotary or reciprocating drive shaft passes through a pump body.

j. Incinerators designed to destroy chemicals specified in entry 1C350, having specially designed waste supply systems, special handling facilities and an average combustion chamber temperature greater than 1 273 K (1 000 °C), in which all surfaces in the waste supply system that come into direct contact with the waste products are made from or lined with any of the following materials:

k. Prefabricated repair assemblies having metallic surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed which are made from tantalum or tantalum alloys as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

Note:

For the purposes of 2B350, the materials used for gaskets, packing, seals, screws, washers or other materials performing a sealing function do not determine the status of control, provided that such components are designed to be interchangeable.

1.

'Carbon graphite' is a composition consisting of amorphous carbon and graphite, in which the graphite content is eight percent or more by weight.

2.

For the listed materials in the above entries, the term 'alloy' when not accompanied by a specific elemental concentration is understood as identifying those alloys where the identified metal is present in a higher percentage by weight than any other element.

2B351Toxic gas monitors and monitoring systems and their dedicated detecting components, other than those specified in 1A004, as follows; and detectors; sensor devices; and replaceable sensor cartridges therefor:

a. Designed for continuous operation and usable for the detection of chemical warfare agents or chemicals specified in 1C350 with a ‘minimum detection limit’ of less than 0,3 mg/m³; or Technical Note: The ‘minimum detection limit’ of toxic gas monitors or monitoring systems is the lowest detectable concentration of the analyte required to produce a signal greater than three times the standard deviation of the toxic gas monitor’s or monitoring system’s signal when measuring a blank sample. In the case of toxic gas monitors or monitoring systems having a deadband or programmed zero suppression, the ‘minimum detection limit’ is the lowest detectable concentration required to produce a reading.

b. Designed for the detection of cholinesterase-inhibiting activity.

2B352Biological manufacturing and handling equipment, as follows:

a. Containment facilities and related equipment as follows:

a. Double-door pass-through decontamination autoclaves; b. Breathing air suit decontamination showers; c. Mechanical-seal or inflatable-seal walkthrough doors;

b. Fermenters and components as follows:

a. Cultivation chambers designed to be sterilised or disinfected in situ; b. Cultivation chamber holding devices; c. Process control units capable of simultaneously monitoring and controlling two or more fermentation system parameters (e.g., temperature, pH, nutrients, agitation, dissolved oxygen, air flow, foam control); Technical Notes: 1.

For the purposes of 2B352.b. fermenters include bioreactors, single-use (disposable) bioreactors, chemostats and continuous-flow systems. 2.

For the purposes of 2B352.b. cultivation chamber holding devices include single-use cultivation chambers with rigid walls.

c. Centrifugal separators capable of continuous separation, without the propagation of aerosols, having a flow rate greater than 100 litres per hour, as follows:

a. One or more sealing joints within the steam containment area; b. Components of polished stainless steel or titanium; c. Capable of in-situ steam sterilisation in a closed state.

Technical Note: Centrifugal separators and single-use centrifugal separators include decanters.

d. Cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment and components as follows:

a. A total filtration area equal to or greater than 1 m²; and b. Having any of the following characteristics:

Technical Note: In 2B352.d.1.b. ‘sterilised’ denotes the elimination of all viable microbes from the equipment through the use of either physical (e.g. steam) or chemical agents. ‘Disinfected’ denotes a process to reduce the number of microorganisms but not usually of bacterial spores, through the use of chemical agents, without necessarily killing or removing all organisms. Note:

2B352.d. does not control reverse osmosis and hemodialysis equipment, as specified by the manufacturer.

e. Steam, gas or vapour sterilisable freeze-drying equipment with a condenser capacity of 10 kg of ice or more in 24 hours and less than 1 000  kg of ice in 24 hours;

f. Protective and containment equipment, as follows:

Note: 2B352.f.1. does not control suits designed to be worn with self-contained breathing apparatus.

a. Fully enclosed workspace where the operator is separated from the work by a physical barrier; b. Able to operate at negative pressure; c. Means to safely manipulate items in the workspace; d. Supply and exhaust air to and from the workspace is HEPA filtered; Note 1:

2B352.f.2. includes Class III biosafety cabinets, as described in the latest edition of the WHO Laboratory Biosafety Manual or constructed in accordance with national standards, regulations or guidance. Note 2:

2B352.f.2. includes any isolator meeting all of the above mentioned characteristics, regardless of its intended use and its designation, except for medical isolators specially designed for barrier nursing or transportation of infected patients.

g. Aerosol inhalation equipment designed for aerosol challenge testing with "microorganisms", viruses or "toxins" as follows:

a. 12 or more rodents; or b. 2 or more animals other than rodents;

h. Spray drying equipment capable of drying toxins or pathogenic "microorganisms" having all of the following:

i. Nucleic acid assemblers and synthesisers, which are partly or entirely automated, and designed to generate continuous nucleic acids greater than 1,5 kilobases in length with error rates less than 5 % in a single run.

j. Peptide synthesizers that are partly or entirely automated and capable of generating peptides at a 'system synthesis scale' of 1 mmol or greater. Technical Note: 'System synthesis scale' denotes the maximum amount of peptide (mmol) that can be produced by the instrument using the largest compatible reaction vessels (L). For multiple peptides produced in parallel, this is the sum of the largest compatible reaction vessels (L).

N.B.

For chemical reaction vessels or reactors, see 2B350.a.

2B510Additive manufacturing equipment, designed to produce metal or metal alloy components, having all of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

a. Having at least one of the following consolidation sources:

b. Having a controlled process atmosphere of any of the following:

c. Having any of the following 'in-process monitoring' equipment in a 'co-axial configuration' or 'paraxial configuration':

d. A closed loop control system designed to modify the consolidation source parameters, build path, or equipment settings during the build cycle in response to feedback from ‘in-process monitoring’ equipment specified in 2B510.c.

For the purposes of 2B510:

1.

'In-process monitoring', also known as in-situ process monitoring, pertains to the observation and measurement of the additive manufacturing process including electromagnetic, or thermal, emissions from the melt pool.

2.

'Co-axial configuration', also known as on-axis or inline configuration, pertains to one or more sensors that are mounted in an optical path shared by the "laser" consolidation source.

3.

'Paraxial configuration' pertains to one or more sensors that are physically mounted onto or integrated into the "laser", electron beam, or electric arc consolidation source component.

4.

For both 'co-axial configuration' and 'paraxial configuration', the field of view of the sensor(s) is fixed to the moving reference frame of the consolidation source and moves in the same scan trajectories of the consolidation source throughout the build process.

None.

2D001"Software", other than that specified in 2D002, as follows:

a. "Software" specially designed or modified for the "development" or "production" of equipment specified in 2A001, 2B001 to 2B009 or 2B510

b. "Software" specially designed or modified for the "use" of equipment specified in 2A001.c., 2B001 or 2B003 to 2B009.

Note:

2D001 does not control part programming "software" that generates "numerical control" codes for machining various parts.

2D002"Software" for electronic devices, even when residing in an electronic device or system, enabling such devices or systems to function as a "numerical control" unit, capable of co-ordinating simultaneously more than four axes for "contouring control".

Note 1:

2D002 does not control "software" specially designed or modified for the operation of items not specified in Category 2.

Note 2:

2D002 does not control "software" for items specified in 2B002. For "software" for items specified in 2B002, see 2D001 and 2D003.

Note 3:

2D002 does not control "software" that is exported with, and the minimum necessary for the operation of, items not specified in Category 2.

2D003"Software", designed or modified for the operation of equipment specified in 2B002, that converts optical design, workpiece measurements and material removal functions into "numerical control" commands to achieve the desired workpiece form.

2D101"Software" specially designed or modified for the "use" of equipment specified in 2B104, 2B105, 2B109, 2B116, 2B117 or 2B119 to 2B122.

N.B.

SEE ALSO 9D004.

2D201"Software" specially designed for the "use" of equipment specified in 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B219 or 2B227.

2D202"Software" specially designed or modified for the "development", "production" or "use" of equipment specified in 2B201.

Note:

2D202 does not control part programming "software" that generates "numerical control" command codes but does not allow direct use of equipment for machining various parts.

2D351"Software", other than that specified in 1D003, specially designed for "use" of equipment specified in 2B351.

2D352"Software" specially designed for nucleic acid assemblers and synthesisers specified in 2B352.i., that is capable of designing and building functional genetic elements from digital sequence data.

2E001"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "development" of equipment or "software" specified in 2A, 2B or 2D.

Note:

2E001 includes "technology" for the integration of probe systems into Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) specified in 2B006.a.

2E002"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "production" of equipment specified in 2A or 2B.

2E003Other "technology", as follows:

a. Not used;

b. "Technology" for metal-working manufacturing processes, as follows:

a. "Superplastic forming"; b. "Diffusion bonding"; or c. 'Direct-acting hydraulic pressing'; Technical Note: For the purposes of 2E003.b.1.c., 'direct-acting hydraulic pressing' is a deformation process which uses a fluid-filled flexible bladder in direct contact with the workpiece.

N.B.

For "technology" for metal-working manufacturing processes for gas turbine engines and components, see 9E003 and the Military Goods Controls.

c. "Technology" for the "development" or "production" of hydraulic stretch-forming machines and dies therefor, for the manufacture of airframe structures;

d. Not used;

e. "Technology" for the "development" of integration "software" for incorporation of expert systems for advanced decision support of shop floor operations into "numerical control" units;

f. "Technology" for the application of inorganic overlay coatings or inorganic surface modification coatings (specified in column 3 of the following table) to non-electronic substrates (specified in column 2 of the following table), by processes specified in column 1 of the following table and defined in the Technical Note. Note:

The table and Technical Note appear after entry 2E301. N.B.

This table should be read to specify the "technology" for a particular Coating Process only when the Resultant Coating in column 3 is in a paragraph directly across from the relevant Substrate under column 2. For example, Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) coating process technical data are included for the application of silicides to carbon-carbon, ceramic and metal "matrix" "composites" substrates, but are not included for the application of silicides to 'cemented tungsten carbide' (16), 'silicon carbide' (18) substrates. In the second case, the resultant coating is not listed in the paragraph under column 3 directly across from the paragraph under column 2 listing 'cemented tungsten carbide' (16), 'silicon carbide' (18).

2E101"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "use" of equipment or "software" specified in 2B004, 2B009, 2B104, 2B109, 2B116, 2B119 to 2B122 or 2D101.

2E201"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "use" of equipment or "software" specified in 2A225, 2A226, 2B001, 2B006, 2B007.b., 2B007.c., 2B008, 2B009, 2B201, 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B225 to 2B233, 2D201 or 2D202.

2E301"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "use" of goods specified in 2B350 to 2B352.

2E503"technology", as follows:

g. "Technology", not specified elsewhere, for the "development" or "production" of 'coating systems' having all of the following:

Technical Note: For the purposes of 2E503g, 'coating systems' consist of one or more layers (e.g., bond, interlayer, top coat) of material deposited on the substrate.

1. Coating Process (1) (1)	2. Substrate	3. Resultant Coating
A. Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)	"Superalloys"	Aluminides for internal passages
	Ceramics (19) and Low expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Carbides Dielectric layers (15) Diamond Diamond-like carbon (17)
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2) Boron nitride
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), Silicon carbide (18)	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
	Molybdenum and Molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond Diamond-like carbon (17)
	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond Diamond-like carbon (17)
B. Thermal-Evaporation Physical Vapour Deposition (TE-PVD)
B.1.  Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD): Electron-Beam (EB-PVD)	"Superalloys"	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Silicides Aluminides Mixtures thereof (4)
	Ceramics (19) and Low expansion glasses (14)	Dielectric layers (15)
	Corrosion resistant steel (7)	MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4)
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Boron nitride
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), Silicon carbide (18)	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
	Molybdenum and Molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15) Borides Beryllium
	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15)
	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides
B.2.  Ion assisted resistive heating Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) (Ion Plating)	Ceramics (19) and Low-expansion glasses	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Dielectric layers (15)
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), Silicon carbide	Dielectric layers (15)
	Molybdenum and Molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
B.3.  Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD): "Laser" Vaporization	Ceramics (19) and Low expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Dielectric layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Dielectric layers (15)
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), Silicon carbide	Dielectric layers (15)
	Molybdenum and Molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
B.4.  Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD): Cathodic Arc Discharge	"Superalloys"	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) MCrAlX (5)
	Polymers (11) and Organic "matrix" "composites"	Borides Carbides Nitrides Diamond-like carbon (17)
C. Pack cementation (see A above for out-of-pack cementation) (10)	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Silicides Carbides Mixtures thereof (4)
	Titanium alloys (13)	Silicides Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2)
	‘Refractory metals and alloys’ (8)	Silicides Oxides
D. Plasma spraying	"Superalloys"	MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4) Abradable Nickel-Graphite Abradable materials containing Ni-Cr-Al Abradable Al-Si-Polyester Alloyed aluminides (2)
	Aluminium alloys (6)	MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Silicides Mixtures thereof (4)
	’Refractory metals and alloys’ (8)	Aluminides Silicides Carbides
	Corrosion resistant steel (7)	MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4)
	Titanium alloys (13)	Carbides Aluminides Silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) Abradable Nickel-Graphite Abradable materials containing Ni-Cr-Al Abradable Al-Si-Polyester
E. Slurry Deposition	‘Refractory metals and alloys’ (8)	Fused silicides Fused aluminides except for resistance heating elements
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Silicides Carbides Mixtures thereof (4)
F. Sputter Deposition	"Superalloys"	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) Noble metal modified aluminides (3) MCrAlX (5) Modified zirconia (12) Platinum Mixtures thereof (4)
	Ceramics and Low- expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Platinum Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectic layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides Oxides Silicides Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2) Carbides
	Carbon-carbon, Ceramic and Metal "matrix" "composites"	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Boron nitride
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), Silicon carbide (18)	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Boron nitride
	Molybdenum and Molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Borides Dielectric layers (15) Beryllium
	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond-like carbon (17)
	‘Refractory metals and alloys’ (8)	Aluminides Silicides Oxides Carbides
G. Ion Implantation	High temperature bearing steels	Additions of Chromium Tantalum or Niobium (Columbium)
	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides
	Beryllium and Beryllium alloys	Borides
	Cemented tungsten carbide (16)	Carbides Nitrides
(1) The numbers in parenthesis refer to the Notes following this Table.

1.The term 'coating process' includes coating repair and refurbishing as well as original coating.

2.The term 'alloyed aluminide coating' includes single or multiple-step coatings in which an element or elements are deposited prior to or during application of the aluminide coating, even if these elements are deposited by another coating process. It does not, however, include the multiple use of single-step pack cementation processes to achieve alloyed aluminides.

3.The term 'noble metal modified aluminide' coating includes multiple-step coatings in which the noble metal or noble metals are laid down by some other coating process prior to application of the aluminide coating.

4.The term 'mixtures thereof' includes infiltrated material, graded compositions, co-deposits and multilayer deposits and are obtained by one or more of the coating processes specified in the Table.

5.'MCrAlX' refers to a coating alloy where M equals cobalt, iron, nickel or combinations thereof and X equals hafnium, yttrium, silicon, tantalum in any amount or other intentional additions over 0,01 % by weight in various proportions and combinations, except:

a. CoCrAlY coatings which contain less than 22 % by weight of chromium, less than 7 % by weight of aluminium and less than 2 % by weight of yttrium;

b. CoCrAlY coatings which contain 22 to 24 % by weight of chromium, 10 to 12 % by weight of aluminium and 0,5 to 0,7 % by weight of yttrium; or

c. NiCrAlY coatings which contain 21 to 23 % by weight of chromium, 10 to 12 % by weight of aluminium and 0,9 to 1,1 % by weight of yttrium.

6.The term 'aluminium alloys' refers to alloys having an ultimate tensile strength of 190 MPa or more measured at 293 K (20 °C).

7.The term 'corrosion resistant steel' refers to AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 300 series or equivalent national standard steels.