Resolução da Assembleia da República n.º 57/94 — Aprova, para ratificação, o Tratado sobre o Regime Céu Aberto

A) For its mainland territory, open skies airfields shall be designated in such a way that no point on its territory is farther from one or more such airfields than 35 per cent of the maximum flight distance or distances established for that State Party in accordance with annex A to the Treaty;

B) For portions of its territory that are separated from the mainland territory:

1) That State Party shall apply the provisions of subparagraph A) of this paragraph; or

2) In the event that the portion or portions of the territory are separated from the mainland territory by more than 600 kilometres, or if agreed between that State Party and the observing Party, or if otherwise provided for in annex A, that State Party shall provide special procedures, including the possible use of refuelling airfields; or

3) In the event that a portion or portions of the territory are separated from the mainland territory by less than 600 kilometres, and such portion or portions of the territory are not covered by the provisions of subparagraph A) of this paragraph, that State Party may specify a separate maximum flight distance in annex A to cover such portion or portions of its territory.

6 - Immediately upon the arrival of an observation aircraft at the point of entry, and immediately prior to the departure of an observation aircraft from the point of exit, both the observed and observing Parties shall inspect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors installed in accordance with article, paragraph 4. In the event that the point of entry is different from the open skies airfield from which the observation flight commences, both the observed and observing Parties shall inspect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors immediately prior to departure of the observation aircraft from the point of entry en route to the open skies airfield from which the observation flight commences. In the event that the point of exit is different from the open skies airfield at which the observation flight terminates, both the observed and observing Parties shall inspect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors immediately prior to departure of the observation aircraft from such airfield en route to the point of exit.

7 - A State Party shall have the right to conduct an examination and inventory of the items of equipment that the other State Party intends to use for the purpose of conducting a pre-flight inspection of sensors and, if applicable, the observation aircraft, as well as items that the flight representatives intend to bring on board the observation aircraft. This examination and inventory:

A) Shall begin no later than one hour after arrival of such items at the point of entry or the open skies airfield, at the choice of the State Party conducting the inventory, and shall be completed within one hour; and

B) Shall be carried out in the presence of one or more designated individuals of the other State Party.

8 - If, during the examination and inventory of the items of equipment to be used in the sensor inspection and, if applicable, observation aircraft inspection, as well as the items that the flight representatives intend to bring on board the observation aircraft, the State Party conducting the examination and inventory determines that the items do not conform to the list of authorized equipment contained in annex D, section II, paragraph 5, or to the items described in annex G, section I, paragraph 4, it shall have the right to deny permission for the use of such items. Items so identified that are brought into the territory of the observed Party by the observing Party shall be, unless otherwise agreed:

A) Placed in a sealed container for safekeeping; and

B) Subsequently removed from the territory of the observed Party at the earliest opportunity, but not later than the departure of the observing Party from the territory of the observed Party.

9 - In the event that the observing Party travels to the point of entry specified in the notification provided in accordance with article VI, section I, paragraph 5, of this Treaty, using a transport aircraft registered with the observing Party or with another State Party, the transport aircraft shall be permitted:

A) To depart from the territory of the observed Party;

B) In the event that the point of entry is the same as the point of exit, to remain at the point of entry until departure of the observing Party from the territory of the observed Party; or

C) In the event that the point of entry is not the same as the point of exit, to fly to the point of exit in sufficient time for further crew rest prior to departure of all the personnel of the observing Party from the territory of the observed Party.

10 - In the event that the observation aircraft is provided by the observed Party and the observing Party does not use its own transport aircraft for transporting its personnel from the point of entry to the open skies airfield, the observed Party shall ensure that the personnel of the observing Party are transported from the point of entry to the open skies airfield and from the open skies airfield to the point of exit.

APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX E

Section I

Designation of sites

The sites to be used as points of entry, points of exit, open skies airfields, refuelling airfields, calibration targets, and, if applicable, entry fixes and exit fixes are initially as specified in section II of this appendix. The designation includes:

A) Site: name of point of entry, point of exit, open skies airfield, entry fix, exit fix, refuelling airfield, and calibration target;

B) Location: latitude and longitude of the respective site, to the nearest second; and

C) Inspection: whether or not the pre-flight inspection of the aircraft or the sensors can be conducted at this site.

Section II

Points of entry, points of exit, open skies airfields, entry fixes, exit fixes, refuelling airfields, and calibration targets.

([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1994/09/212a00/53905471.pdf))

ANNEX F

Pre-flight inspections and demonstration flights

Section I

Pre-flight inspection of observation aircraft and sensors of the observing Party

1 - The purpose of the pre-flight inspection of observation aircraft and sensors provided by the observing Party is to confirm that the observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty. The observed Party shall have the right to conduct a pre-flight inspection of an observation aircraft and its sensors provided by the observing Party to confirm that:

A) The observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment including, where applicable, lens and photographic film, correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty; and

B) There are no items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by article IV of the Treaty.

2 - Upon arrival of the observation aircraft at the point of entry the observed Party shall:

A) Provide a list of the inspectors, the number of whom shall not exceed ten persons, unless otherwise agreed, including the general function of each of the inspectors;

B) Provide a list of the items of equipment that they intend to use during the pre-flight inspection provided for in annex D, section II, paragraph 5, to the Treaty; and

C) Inform the observing Party of its plan for the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors.

3 - Prior to the commencement of the pre-flight inspection, a designated individual from the observing Party shall:

A) Brief the observed Party on the inventory procedures which shall be followed to confirm that all inspection equipment, as well as any non-destructive-testing equipment as provide for in paragraph 7 of this section, brought on board the observation aircraft by the inspectors has been removed from the observation aircraft upon conclusion of the pre-flight inspection;

B) Together with the inspectors, conduct an examination and inventory of each item of equipment to be used during the pre-flight inspection; and

C) Brief the inspectors on all safety precautions that they shall observe during the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors.

4 - The pre-flight inspection shall not begin until the completion of the formal arrival procedures and shall take no longer than eight hours.

5 - The observing Party shall have the right to provide its own escorts to accompany the inspectors throughout the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors to confirm that the inspection is conducted in accordance with the provisions of this section. The observing Party shall facilitate the inspection in accordance with the procedures specified in annex D, section II, paragraphs 7 and 8, to the Treaty.

6 - In conducting the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall have the right of access to the observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment, in the same manner as provided for in annex D, section II, paragraph 10, and shall comply with the provisions of annex D, section II, paragraphs 11 and 12, to the Treaty.

7 - For the purposes of this inspection, the observed Party shall have the right to take on board and use the following non-destructive-testing equipment:

A) Video probe (borescope on video camera);

B) X-ray and backscatter X-ray imaging equipment;

C) Ultrasonic imaging equipment;

D) Logic/data analyser;

E) Passive infra-red sensors; and

F) 35 millimetre camera.

In addition, the observed Party shall have the right to take on board and use such other non-destructive-testing equipment as may be necessary to establish that no items of equipment are on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by article IV of the Treaty, as may be agreed by the Open Skies Consultative Commission prior to 30 June 1992.

8 - Upon completion of the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall leave the observation aircraft, and the observing Party shall have the right to use its own inventory procedures to confirm that all inspection equipment used during the pre-flight inspection has been removed from the observation aircraft. If the observed Party is unable to demonstrate this to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the observing Party shall have the right to proceed with the observation flight or to cancel it, and when the observing Party is satisfied that it is safe to do so, depart from the territory of the observed Party. In the latter case, no observation flight shall be recorded against the quota of either State Party.

9 - The inspectors shall immediately inform the observing Party if they establish that the observation aircraft, its sensors or associated equipment do not correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty, or that there are items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by article IV of the Treaty. If the observing Party is unable to demonstrate that the observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty and that there are no items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by article IV of the Treaty, and if the observing and observed Parties do not agree otherwise, the observed Party shall have the right to prohibit the observation flight pursuant to article VIII of the Treaty. If the observation flight is prohibited, the observation aircraft shall promptly depart from the territory of the observed Party and no observation flight shall be recorded against the quota of either State Party.

10 - Upon completion of the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors, the observed and observing Parties shall prepare a pre-flight inspection report which shall state that:

A) The observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty; and

B) There are no items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by article IV of the Treaty.

11 - Signature of the pre-flight inspection report by the observed Party shall signify its agreement for the observing Party to use that observation aircraft to conduct an observation flight over the territory of the observed Party.

Section II

Pre-flight inspection of sensors of the observed Party

1 - The purpose of the pre-flight inspection of the sensors on an observation aircraft provided by the observed Party is to confirm that the sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty. The observing Party shall have the right to conduct a pre-flight inspection of the sensors and associated equipment installed on an observation aircraft provided by the observed Party to confirm that its sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty.

2 - Upon arrival of the inspectors of the observing Party at the location of the pre-flight inspection, the observing Party shall:

A) Provide a list of the inspectors, the number of whom shall not exceed five persons, unless otherwise agreed, including the general function of each inspector;

B) Provide a list of the items of equipment that the inspectors intend to use during the pre-flight inspection; and

C) Inform the observed Party of its plan for the pre-flight inspection of the sensors and associated equipment on board the observation aircraft.

3 - Prior to the commencement of the pre-flight inspection, a designated individual from the observed Party shall:

A) Brief the observing Party on the inventory procedures that shall be followed to confirm that each item of equipment brought on board the observation aircraft by the inspectors has been removed from the observation aircraft upon conclusion of the pre-flight inspection;

B) Together with the inspectors, conduct an examination and inventory of each item of equipment to be used during the pre-flight inspection; and

C) Brief the inspectors on all necessary safety precautions that they must observe during the pre-flight inspection of the sensors and associated equipment installed on the observation aircraft.

4 - The pre-flight inspection shall not begin until the completion of the formal arrival procedures and shall take no longer than eight hours.

5 - The observed Party shall have the right to provide its own escorts to accompany the inspectors throughout the pre-flight inspection of this section. The observed Party shall facilitate the inspection of the sensors and associated equipment on board the observation aircraft to confirm that the inspection is conducted in accordance with the provisions of this section. The observed Party shall facilitate the inspection of the sensors and associated equipment on board the observation aircraft by the inspectors in accordance with the procedures specified in annex D, section II, paragraph 7, to the Treaty.

6 - In conducting the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall have the right of access to the sensors and associated equipment on board the observation aircraft in the same manner as provided for in annex D, section II, paragraph 10, and shall comply with the provisions of annex D, section II, paragraphs 11 and 12, to the Treaty.

7 - Upon completion of the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall leave the observation aircraft and the observed Party shall have the right to use its own inventory procedures to confirm that all items of equipment have been removed from the observation aircraft. If the observing Party is unable to demonstrate this to the satisfaction of the observed Party, the observed Party shall have the right to prohibit the observation flight in accordance with article VIII of the Treaty, and no observation flight shall be recorded against the quota of either State Party.

8 - The inspectors shall immediately inform the observed Party if they establish that any of the sensors or associated equipment on board the observation aircraft do not correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty. If the observed Party is unable to demonstrate that the sensors or associated equipment on board the observation aircraft correspond to those certified in accordance with annex D to the Treaty, the observing Party shall have the right to:

A) Agree to use an alternative package of sensor types or capabilities proposed by the observed Party;

B) Proceed according to the original mission plan;

C) Accept a delay in the commencement of the observation flight to permit the observed Party to rectify the problem determined to exist by the observing Party pursuant to this paragraph. In the event that the problem is resolved to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the flight shall proceed according to the mission plan, revised as necessary due to any delay. In the event that the problem is not rectified to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the observing Party shall depart the territory of the observed Party; or

D) Cancel the observation flight, and immediately depart the territory of the observed Party.

9 - If the observing Party leaves the territory of the observed Party not having conducted an observation flight, as provided for in paragraph 8, subparagraphs C) and D), of this section, no observation flight shall be counted against the quota of either State Party.

10 - Upon completion of the pre-flight inspection of the sensors and associated equipment installed on the observation aircraft, the observed Party and the observing Party shall prepare a pre-flight inspection report that shall state that the sensors correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of annex D to the Treaty. Signature of the pre-flight inspection report by the observing Party shall signify its agreement to use that observation aircraft to conduct an observation flight over the territory of the observed Party.

Section III

Demonstration flights

1 - In the event that the aircraft is provided by the observing Party, at the request of the observed Party, the observing Party shall, following the pre-flight inspection, conduct a demonstration flight to allow the inspectors to observe the functioning of the sensors that are to be used during the observation flight and to collect sufficient data to allow them to confirm that the capability of those sensors is in accordance with the provisions of article IV, paragraph 8, of the Treaty.

2 - In the event that the aircraft is provided by the observed Party, at the request of the observing Party, the observed Party shall, following the pre-flight inspection, conduct a demonstration flight to allow the inspectors to observe the functioning of the sensors that are to be used during the observation flight and to collect sufficient data to allow them to confirm that the capability of those sensors is in accordance with the provisions of article IV, paragraph 9, of the Treaty.

3 - In the event that either the observed or observing Party exercises its right to request a demonstration flight:

A) The demonstration flight shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of annex D, section III;

B) The demonstration flight shall last for no more than two hours;

C) The observed Party shall provide calibration targets in accordance with the specifications in appendix 1 to annex D to the Treaty in the vicinity of the airfield at which the pre-flight inspection is to be conducted;

D) Any delay in carrying out a request for a demonstration flight caused by weather conditions or problems with the aircraft or sensors of the observed Party shall not count against the time allocated for such flights, unless otherwise agreed;

E) The observed Party shall process the data collected by sensors at a facility in the vicinity of the airfield at which the pre-flight inspection is to be conducted, in the presence of personnel of the observing Party, in accordance with the provisions of article IX, sections II and III, of the Treaty; and

F) The cost of the demonstration flight, including the provision of data recording media and the processing of data, shall be distributed in accordance with the provisions of annex L, section I, paragraph 9, to the Treaty.

4 - In the event that the observed Party exercises its right to request a demonstration flight, the observing Party shall have the right to add a period of up to 24 hours to the 96 hours allowed for the conduct of the observation flight, pursuant to article VI, section I, paragraph 9. This shall not affect the right of other States Parties to conduct observation flights after the original period of 96 hours as provided for in article VI, section I, paragraph 3, of the Treaty.

5 - In the event that the observing Party exercises its right to request a demonstration flight, this shall be accomplished within the period of 96 hours allowed for the conduct of the observation flight, pursuant to article VI, section I, paragraph 9, of the Treaty.

6 - In the event that the observed Party is not satisfied that the capability of any sensor installed on the observation aircraft provided by the observing Party is in accordance with the provisions of article IV, paragraph 8, of the Treaty, the observed Party shall have the right to:

A) In the case of a sensor for which ground resolution is dependent upon height above ground level, propose an alternative minimum height above ground level at which that sensor shall be permitted to be operated during the observation flight;

B) In the case of sensors for which ground resolution is not dependent upon height above ground level, prohibit the operation of that sensor during the observation flight; or

C) Prohibit the observation flight pursuant to the provisions of article VIII of the Treaty.

7 - In the event that the observing Party is not satisfied that the capability of any sensor installed on the observation aircraft provided by the observed Party is in accordance with the provisions of article IV, paragraph 9, of the Treaty, the observing Party shall have the right to:

A) Agree to use an alternative package of sensor types or capabilities proposed by the observed Party;

B) In the case of a sensor for which ground resolution is dependent upon height above ground level, propose an alternative minimum height above ground level at which that sensor shall be permitted to be operated during the observation flight;

C) In the case of sensors for which ground resolution is not dependent upon height above ground level, conduct the observation flight as planned, and the cost of the data recording media for that sensor shall be borne by the observed Party;

D) Accept a delay in the commencement of the observation flight to permit the observed Party to rectify the problem determined to exist by the observing Party. In the event that the problem is resolved to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the flight shall proceed according to the mission plan, revised as necessary due to any delay. In the event that the problem is not rectified to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the observing Party shall depart the territory of the observed Party; or

E) Cancel the observation flight pursuant to article VIII of the Treaty, and immediately depart the territory of the observed Party.

8 - In the event that the observation flight is prohibited or cancelled by the State Party requesting the demonstration flight, no observation flight shall be counted against the quota of either State Party, and the State Party requesting the demonstration flight shall convey the matter to the Open Skies Consultative Commission.

ANNEX G

Flight monitors, flight representatives, and representatives

Section I

Flight monitors and flight representatives

1 - The provisions set forth in this annex shall apply to personnel designated in accordance with article XIII. Each State Party shall have the right to have at any one time the number of flight monitors and flight representatives on board the observation aircraft as set forth in article VI, section III. The provisions of that section shall govern their activities with respect to the organization and conduct of observation flights. Each State Party shall facilitate the activities of the flight monitors and flight representatives pursuant to this annex.

2 - The observed Party shall appoint one of the flight monitors as chief flight monitor. The chief flight monitor shall be a national of the observed Party. The observing Party shall appoint one of the flight representatives as chief flight representative. The chief flight representative shall be a national of the observing Party.

3 - In preparing for the observation flight, flight monitors and flight representatives shall have the right:

A) To acquaint themselves with the technical literature relating to the functioning and operation of the sensors and the flight operation manual of the observation aircraft; and

B) To acquaint themselves with the equipment of the observation aircraft relating to the control of the flight regime and the funtioning and operation of the sensors installed on the observation aircraft.

4 - Flight monitors and flight representatives shall have the right:

A) To remain on board the observation aircraft throughout the observation flight, including any stops for refuelling or emergencies;

B) To bring on board the observation aircraft and use maps, flight charts, publications, and operations manuals;

C) To move unencumbered about the observation aircraft, including the flight deck, during the observation flight, except for flight safety reasons. In exercising their rights, the flight monitors or flight representatives shall not interfere with the activities of the flight crew;

D) To monitor compliance with the flight plan and to observe the flight regime of the observation aircraft and the functioning and operation of the sensors;

E) To listen to internal and external radio communications on board the aircraft and to make internal radio communications; and

F) To record the parameters of the flight regime and the functioning and operation of the sensors on maps, charts, and notepads.

5 - In addition to those rights specified in paragraph 4 of this section, the chief flight monitor shall have the right:

A) To consult the flight crew regarding compliance with national flight rules and the provisions of the Treaty;

B) To observe the activities of the flight crew, including activities on the flight deck, during the observation flight, as well as to monitor the functioning and operation of the flight and navegation instruments of the observation aircraft;

C) To provide recommendations to the flight crew regarding compliance with the flight plan;

D) To ask the flight crew, without interfering with their activities, for information on the flight regime; and

E) To communicate with air traffic control authorities as appropriate, and to help relay and interpret communications from air traffic control authorities to flight crew and from the flight crew to the air traffic control authorities about the conduct of the observation flight; for this purpose, the chief flight monitor shall be permitted to make external radio communications using the radio equipment of the observation aircraft.

6 - In the event that the chief flight monitor believes that the observation aircraft is deviating from its flight plan, the chief flight monitor shall advise the flight crew and may inform the air traffic control authorities of any deviations of the observation aircraft from the flight plan that the chief flight monitor believes could threaten flight safety.

7 - In addition to the rights specified in paragraph 5 of this section, the chief flight representative shall have:

A) The rights as described in paragraph 5, subparagraphs A), B) and D), of this section with regard to the flight crew; and

B) The right, in case of deviation from the flight plan, to receive an explanation from the flight crew as to the reasons for such a deviation.

8 - Flight representatives shall have the right to direct the operation of the sensors during the observation flight. In addition, upon notification to the observed Party prior to the commencement of the observation flight, flight representatives shall have the right to operate the sensors during the observation flight. In the event that the flight representatives exercise their right to operate the sensors pursuant to this paragraph, the observed Party shall not be responsible for any failure or inadequacy in the quality of the data collected by the sensors due to the operation of the sensors by the flight representatives.

Section II

Representatives

1 - An observing Party using an observation aircraft designated by a third State Party shall have the right to have at any one time the number of representatives on board the observation aircraft set forth in article VI, section III, of the Treaty.

2 - The observing Party shall appoint one of its representatives as chief representative. The chief representative shall have the rights of the chief flight representative as specified in section I of this annex. In addition, the chief representative shall:

A) Advise the pilot-in-command regarding compliance with the provisions of the Treaty;

B) Have the right to monitor compliance by the observed Party with the provisions of the Treaty; and

C) Have the right, in case of deviations from the flight plan, to receive an explanation from the pilot-in-command as to the reasons for such a deviation.

3 - Representatives shall have the rights of flight representatives as specified in section I of this annex.

ANNEX H

Co-ordination of planned observation flights

1 - In order to avoid potential time conflict regarding the conduct of observation flights over the same State Party, each State Party having the right to conduct observation flights following the annual distribution of active quotas may notify all other States Parties, no later than 1 November of each year, of its plans to utilise all or part of its active quota during the following year. The notification shall indicate the number of observation flights that the notifying State Party plans to conduct over the territory of other States Parties during each quarter of that year.

2 - In no case shall the total number of observation flights planned and notified in accordance with paragraph 1 of this annex over the territory of any one State Party during a given quarter exceed 16. Except as provided for in article VI, section I, paragraph 3, no State Party shall be obliged to accept more than one observation flight at any time during the period specified in article VI, section I, paragraph 9, of the Treaty.

3 - States Parties that have notified, in accordance with paragraph 1 of this annex, their plans to utilize one or more active quotas for observation flights over the territory of the same State Party during a given quarter or quarters shall hold consultation, if necessary, to avoid any conflict in their planned observation flights. In the event that agreement on avoidance of conflict cannot be reached through consultation among the States Parties involved, the issue shall be resolved by the drawing of lots by such States Parties. The first of those consultations, regarding observation flights in the quarter beginning 1 January of the following year, shall begin promptly following receipt of the notification provided for in paragraph 1 of this annex. Subsequent consultations among the States Parties involved shall be conducted between 1 February and 15 February for the quarter beginning 1 April; between 1 May and 15 May for the quarter beginning 1 July; and between 1 August and 15 August for the quarter beginning 1 October. The States Parties involved shall notify the resulting sequence of observation flights established in these consultations to all States Parties no later than 15 November, 15 February, 15 May and 15 August, respectively.

4 - No later than seven days after the notification of the sequence of observation flights established pursuant to paragraph 3 of this annex, each State Party shall notify all States Parties planning to conduct observation flights over its territory during that quarter of each flight for which it intends to exercise the right to provide its own observation aircraft.

5 - Each State Party that has not provided a notification pursuant to paragraph 1 of this annex or has not notified its plans to utilize all of its active quotas, or has not conducted an observation flight during the quarter for which it had notified such planned flight, shall have the right to utilize such remaining active quotas, provided that such observation flights have been accommodated within the existing agreement reached pursuant to paragraph 3 of this annex.

ANNEX I

Information on airspace and flights in hazardous airspace

1 - No earlier than 90 days after entry into force of the Treaty, at the request of any other State Party, a State Party shall provide, no later than 30 days after the receipt of such a request, the following information in accordance with ICAO provisions:

A) Its airspace structure, as published in the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) series;

B) Detailed information on all hazardous airspace; and

C) Airfield information and arrival and departure procedures for each of its:

1) Points of entry and points of exit;

2) Open skies airfields; and

3) Alternate airfields and refuelling airfields for its points of entry, points of exit and open skies airfields.

2 - Each State Party shall promptly notify States Parties that have requested information in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of this annex of any changes to the information provided in accordance with paragraph 1 of this annex. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph, notices to airmen (NOTAMs) need not be provided.

3 - No later than 90 days after entry into force of the Treaty, each State Party shall notify all other States Parties of the source of the information to be provided in accordance with paragraph 1 of this annex.

ANNEX J

Montreux Convention

1 - Observation flights conducted under the provisions of the Treaty providing for the observation of the entire territory of States Parties shall not prejudice the Montreux Convention of 20 July 1936.

2 - The routing and notification of transit flights of aircraft for the purpose of the Treaty falling within the scope of article 23 of the Montreux Convention shall be governed by the provisions of that article.

ANNEX K

Information on film processors, duplicators and photographic films, and procedures for monitoring the processing of photographic film.

Section I

Information on film processors, duplicators and photographic films

1 - Pursuant to annex D, section II, paragraph 3, subparagraph A), 3), to the Treaty, each State Party, when notifying other States Parties of film processors or duplicators that it intends to use to develop original film negatives or produce duplicate film positives or negatives, shall provide the following manufacturer's information:

A) The processor or duplicator name;

B) The maximum and minimum width and length, if applicable, of film which may be processed or duplicated;

C) Each type of film that may be processed or duplicated in that film processor; and

D) Each step in the process, including the range of exposure, temperature, duration, recommended film transport speed, chemicals and chemical mixes, for each type of film.

2 - Pursuant to annex D, section II, paragraph 3, subparagraph A), 2), to the Treaty, each State Party, when providing information on the types of black and white aerial film that it intends to use to collect data during the in-flight examination or an observation flight, or to duplicate such data, shall provide the following manufacturer's information, for each type of aerial film that may be processed or duplicated by means of the film processors or duplicators referred to in paragraph 1 of this section, as necessary to confirm the capabilites of the film. Depending upon national practices of the film manufacturer, such information may include:

A) Effective film speed;

B) Resolution/modulation;

C) Spectral sensitivity; and

D) Optical specular density or sensitometric characteristics.

3 - For the purposes of determining the sensitometric characteristics of aerial film materials in accordance with its own national methodology, each State Party shall have the right to receive, upon request, unexposed samples of all types of photographic film to be used as data recording media, the chemicals for processing them, and to receive instructions for processing and duplication of such photographic films. Such samples and instructions shall be provided no later than 30 days after receipt of such a request.

Section II

Monitoring of film processing and duplication

1 - States Parties taking part in the certification of an observation aircraft and its sensors shall have the right to monitor the processing and duplication of the aerial film used during the in-flight examination. Personnel of the observed and observing Party shall have the right to monitor the processing and duplication of the aerial film used during a demonstration and observation flight.

2 - While monitoring the processing and duplication of aerial film, the States Parties shall have the right to bring with them and use, in a manner that does not disrupt the processing or duplication of the film, the following equipment:

A) Litmus papers;

B) Thermometers;

C) Chemical test equipment, including pH meters and hydrometers;

D) Stopwatches;

E) Sensitometers;

F) Densitometers; and

G) 21-step sensitometric test strips and optical wedges.

3 - Prior to the processing of the films exposed during the in-flight examination, demonstration flight and observation flight, States Parties shall check the film processing equipment and chemicals by processing a 21-step sensitometric test strip or exposing and processing a 21-step optical wedge to confirm that the sensitometric data for the processing of that type of film using that film process meets the specifications provided pursuant to section I of this annex. Unless otherwise agreed, the original or duplicate aerial film negatives or positives shall not be processed or duplicated until the processing of the 21-step sensitometric test strip or exposing and processing of the 21-step optical wedge meets the characteristics provided in accordance with the provisions of section I of this annex for that type of aerial film and film processor or duplicator.

4 - Prior to the processing of the films exposed during the in-flight examination, demonstration flight and observation flight, States Parties shall have the right to check the film processing equipment and chemicals by exposing and processing a test film of the same type used during the in-flight examination, demonstration flight and observation flight to confirm that the washing and fixing process is suitable for the purposes of permanent archive storage.

ANNEX L

Open Skies Consultative Commission

Section I

General provisions

Procedures and other provisions relating to the Open Skies Consultative Commission are established in this annex pursuant to article X of the Treaty.

1 - The Open Skies Consultative Commission shall be composed of representatives designated by each State Party. Alternates, advisers and experts of a State Party may take part in the proceedings of the Open Skies Consultative Commission as deemed necessary by that State Party.

2 - The initial session of the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall open within 60 days of the signature of the Treaty. The chairman of the opening meeting shall be the representative of Canada.

3 - The Open Skies Consultative Commission shall meet for no fewer than four regular sessions per calendar year unless it decides otherwise. Extraordinary sessions shall be convened at the request of one or more States Parties by the chairman of the Open Skies Consultative Commission, who shall promptly inform all other States Parties of the request. Such sessions shall open no later than 15 days after receipt of such a request by the chairman.

4 - Sessions of the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall last no longer than four weeks, unless it decides otherwise.

5 - States Parties shall assume in rotation, determined by alphabetical order in the French language, the chairmanship of the Open Skies Consultative Commission. Each chairman shall serve from the opening of a session until the opening of the following session, unless otherwise agreed.

6 - Representatives at meetings shall be seated in alphabetical order of the States Parties in the French language.

7 - The working languages of the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall be English, French, German, Italian, Russian and Spanish.

8 - The proceedings of the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall be confidential, unless otherwise agreed. The Open Skies Consultative Commission may agree to make its proceedings or decisions public.

9 - During the period of provisional application, and prior to 30 June 1992, the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall settle the distribution of costs arising under the Treaty. It shall also settle as soon as possible the scale of distribution for the common expenses associated with the operation of the Open Skies Consultative Commission.

10 - During the period of provisional application of the Treaty the Open Skies Consultative Commission shall develop a document relating to notifications and reports required by the Treaty. Such document shall list all such notifications and reports and shall include appropriate formats as necessary.

11 - The Open Skies Consultative Commission shall work out or revise, as necessary, its rules of procedure and working methods.

Section II

Annual review of active quotas

Procedures for the annual review of active quotas as foreseen in article III, section I, paragraph 7, of the Treaty shall be as follows:

1 - States Parties wishing to modify all or part of the past year's distribution with respect to their active quota shall notify all other States Parties and the Open Skies Consultative Commission, by 1 October of each year, of those States Parties over which they wish to conduct their observation flights during the next calendar year. Such proposed modifications shall be considered by the States Parties during this review, according to the rules set forth in the following paragraphs of this section.

2 - If the requests for observation flights over the territory of any given State Party do not exceed its passive quota, then the distribution shall be established as requested, and presented to the Open Skies Consultative Commission for approval.

3 - If the request for observation flights over the territory of any given State Party exceed its passive quota, then the distribution shall be established by general agreement among the interested States Parties, and presented to the Open Skies Consultative Commission for approval.

Section III

Extraordinary observation flights

1 - The Open Skies Consultative Commission shall consider requests from the bodies of the Conference on Security and Co-Operation in Europe authorized to deal with respect to conflict prevention and crisis management and from other relevant international organizations to facilitate the organization and conduct of extraordinary observation flights over the territory of a State Party with its consent.

2 - The data resulting from such observation flights shall be made available to the bodies and organizations concerned.

3 - Notwithstanding any other provision of the Treaty, States Parties may agree on a bilateral and voluntary basis to conduct observation flights over the territory of each other following the procedures regarding the conduct of observation flights. Unless otherwise agreed by the States Parties concerned, the data resulting from such observation flights shall be made available to the Open Skies Consultative Commission.

4 - Observation flights conducted under the provisions of this section shall not be counted against the active or passive quotas of the States Parties involved.

Section IV

Additional fields for the use of the open skies regime

1 - States Parties may raise for consideration in the Open Skies Consultative Commission proposals for the use of the open skies regime in additional specific fields, such as the environment.

2 - The Open Skies Consultative Commission may take decisions on such proposals or, if necessary, may refer them to the first and subsequent conferences called to review the implementation of the Treaty, in accordance with the provisions of article XVI, paragraph 3, of the Treaty.

([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1994/09/212a00/53905471.pdf))

TRATADO SOBRE O REGIME CÉU ABERTO

Os Estados concludentes deste Tratado, daqui em diante designados, colectivamente, «os Estados Partes» ou, individualmente, «um Estado Parte»:

Recordando os compromissos que assumiram na Conferência sobre Segurança e Cooperação na Europa de promover uma maior abertura e transparência nas suas actividades militares e de reforçar a segurança, adoptando medidas de confiança e de segurança;

Felicitando os acontecimentos históricos que ocorreram na Europa e transformaram a situação em matéria de segurança de Vancouver a Vladivostok;

Desejando contribuir para o futuro desenvolvimento e reforço da paz, a estabilidade e a segurança cooperativa nesta zona pela criação de um regime céu aberto para a observação aérea;

Reconhecendo a contribuição potencial que um regime de observação aéreo desse tipo poderia trazer igualmente à segurança e à estabilidade noutras regiões;

Notando a possibilidade de empregar um tal regime para melhorar a abertura e a transparência, facilitar a verificação do cumprimento de acordos de controlo de armamento existentes ou futuros e reforçar a capacidade de prevenção de conflitos e gestão de crises no quadro da Conferência sobre Segurança e Cooperação na Europa e no seio de outras instituições internacionais competentes;

Considerando o possível alargamento do regime céu aberto a outros campos, como a protecção do meio ambiente;

Esforçando-se por estabelecer procedimentos que de comum acordo estabeleçam a observação aérea de todos os territórios dos Estados Partes, com o objectivo de observar um Estado Parte determinado ou grupos de Estados Partes, numa base equitativa e de eficácia, mantendo a segurança dos voos;

Notando que a aplicação de um tal regime céu aberto não trará prejuízo aos Estados não participantes no Tratado;

aprovaram o seguinte:

ARTIGO I

Disposições gerais

1 - O presente Tratado estabelece o regime designado por regime céu aberto, aplicável à realização de voos de observação pelos Estados Partes sobre os territórios de outros Estados Partes, e estabelece os direitos e obrigações que daí resultam para os Estados Partes.

2 - Cada um dos anexos e respectivos apêndices constituem uma parte integrante deste Tratado.

ARTIGO II

Definições

Para efeitos deste Tratado:

1) O termo «Parte observada» significa o Estado Parte ou o grupo de Estados Partes sobre o território relativo ao qual está em curso ou está previsto proceder-se a um voo de observação, a partir do momento em que esse Estado Parte ou esse grupo de Estados Partes recebe uma notificação a esse respeito de uma Parte observadora até à conclusão dos procedimentos relativos a esse voo, e o pessoal que aja em nome desse Estado Parte ou grupo de Estados Partes;

2) O termo «Parte observadora» significa o Estado Parte ou grupo de Estados Partes que tem a intenção de efectuar ou efectua um voo de observação sobre o território de um outro Estado Parte ou grupo de Estados Partes, a partir do momento em que este apresente notificação da sua intenção de realizar um voo de observação até à conclusão dos procedimentos relativos a esse voo, e o pessoal agindo em nome desse Estado Parte ou grupo de Estados Partes;

3) O termo «grupo de Estados Partes» significa dois ou mais de dois Estados Partes que concordaram em formar um grupo para efeitos deste Tratado;

4) O termo «avião de observação» significa um avião não armado, de asa fixa, que tenha sido designado para efectuar os voos de observação, registado pelas autoridades competentes de um Estado Parte e equipado com sensores aprovados. O termo «não armado» significa que o avião de observação utilizado para efeitos deste Tratado não está equipado para transportar nem utilizar armas;

5) O termo «voo de observação» significa o voo do avião de observação efectuado por uma Parte observadora sobre o território de uma Parte observada, segundo as indicações do plano de voo, a partir do ponto de entrada ou aeródromo céu aberto até ao ponto de saída ou aeródromo céu aberto;

6) O termo «voo de trânsito» significa um voo de observação ou de transporte efectuado por uma Parte observadora ou em seu nome sobre o território de um terceiro Estado Parte com destino ou de regresso do território da Parte observada;

7) O termo «avião de transporte» significa um avião que não seja um avião de observação que, em nome da Parte observadora, efectua voos com destino ou de regresso do território da Parte observada exclusivamente para efeitos deste Tratado;

8) O termo «território» significa a extensão de território, incluindo ilhas e águas interiores e territoriais sobre as quais um Estado Parte exerce a sua soberania;

9) O termo «quota passiva» significa o número de voos de observação que cada Estado Parte é obrigado a aceitar como Parte observada;

10) O termo «quota activa» significa o número de voos de observação que cada Estado Parte terá o direito de efectuar como Parte observadora;

11) O termo «distância máxima de voo» significa a distância máxima sobre o território da Parte observada a partir do ponto onde o voo de observação pode iniciar até ao ponto em que esse voo pode terminar, conforme especificado no anexo A do presente Tratado;

12) O termo «sensor» significa o equipamento de uma categoria especificada no parágrafo 1 do artigo IV que se instala num avião de observação para ser utilizado durante a realização de voos de observação;

13) O termo «resolução-solo» significa a distância mínima no solo a que dois objectos situados próximo um do outro podem ser distinguidos como objectos diferentes;

14) O termo «dispositivo infravermelho por varrimento» significa um sensor que pode receber e visualizar a radiação térmica electromagnética emitida na zona invisível de infravermelhos do espectro óptico por objectos devido à temperatura dos mesmos e na ausência de iluminação artificial;

15) O termo «período de observação» significa um período determinado de tempo durante o qual se encontra em funcionamento durante o voo de observação um determinado sensor instalado a bordo do avião de observação;

16) O termo «tripulação» significa os indivíduos de qualquer Estado Parte que executarão funções associadas ao funcionamento ou manutenção de um avião de observação ou de um avião de transporte e que poderá incluir, se o Estado Parte assim o decidir, intérpretes;

17) O termo «piloto comandante» significa o piloto que a bordo do avião de observação é responsável pela operação do avião de observação, pela execução do plano de voo e pela segurança do avião de observação;

18) O termo «monitor de voo» significa um indivíduo que, em nome da Parte observada, se encontra a bordo de um avião de observação fornecido pela Parte observadora durante o voo de observação e que desempenha funções de acordo com as disposições do anexo G do presente Tratado;

19) O termo «representante de voo» significa um indivíduo que, em nome da Parte observadora, se encontra a bordo de um avião de observação fornecido pela Parte observada durante um voo de observação e que desempenha funções de acordo com o anexo G do presente Tratado;

20) O termo «representante» significa um indivíduo nomeado pela Parte observadora e que, em nome da Parte observadora, desempenha funções de acordo com as disposições do anexo G durante um voo de observação num avião de observação designado por um Estado Parte que não seja a Parte observadora nem a Parte observada;

21) O termo «operador de sensores» significa um indivíduo de qualquer Estado que desempenha funções relacionadas com o funcionamento, a utilização e a manutenção dos sensores de um avião de observação;

22) O termo «inspector» significa um indivíduo de qualquer Estado Parte que efectua uma inspecção de sensores ou de aviões de observação de outro Estado Parte;

23) O termo «acompanhante» significa uma pessoa de qualquer Estado Parte que acompanha os inspectores de outro Estado Parte;

24) O termo «plano de missão» significa um documento estabelecido pela Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto, apresentado pela Parte observada e que contém a rota, o perfil, a ordem de execução e o apoio requerido para efectuar o voo de observação; este deverá fazer parte de um acordo com a Parte observada e constituirá a base de elaboração do plano de voo;

25) O termo «plano de voo» significa um documento, elaborado com base no plano de missão acordado, redigido de acordo com o modelo e o conteúdo especificados pela Organização de Aviação Civil Internacional, aqui designada «OACI», o qual é submetido à consideração das autoridades de controlo de tráfego aéreo e na base do qual o voo de observação será efectuado;

26) O termo «relatório de missão» significa um documento descrevendo um voo de observação, redigido pela Parte observadora depois do voo concluído, segundo um modelo de apresentação estabelecido pela Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto, e assinado pelas Partes observadora e observada;

27) O termo «aeródromo céu aberto» significa um aeródromo designado pela Parte observada como sendo o ponto onde pode iniciar ou terminar um voo de observação;

28) O termo «ponto de entrada» significa um ponto designado pela Parte observada para a chegada de pessoal da Parte observadora no território da Parte observada;

29) O termo «ponto de saída» significa um ponto designado pela Parte observada para a partida de membros do pessoal da Parte observadora do território da Parte observada;

30) O termo «aeródromo de reabastecimento» significa um aeródromo designado pela Parte observada e utilizado para o reabastecimento e manutenção dos aviões de observação e dos aviões de transporte;

31) O termo «aeródromo alternante» significa um aeródromo especificado no plano de voo para o qual se pode dirigir um avião de observação ou um avião de transporte logo que não seja aconselhável aterrar no aeródromo em que inicialmente se tinha previsto aterrar;

32) O termo «sectores de perigo do espaço aéreo» significa as zonas proibidas, as zonas restritas e as zonas de perigo definidas com base no anexo 2 da Convenção sobre Aviação Civil Internacional, que são estabelecidas de acordo com as disposições do anexo 15 da Convenção sobre Aviação Civil Internacional no interesse da segurança dos voos, da segurança pública e da protecção do ambiente e a respeito das quais são fornecidas informações de acordo com as disposições da OACI;

33) O termo «zona proibida» significa um sector do espaço aéreo de dimensões definidas situado sobre o território de um Estado Parte e no qual os voos são proibidos;

34) O termo «zona restrita» significa um sector do espaço aéreo de dimensões definidas situado sobre o território de um Estado Parte e no qual os voos são restritos, de acordo com condições específicas;

35) O termo «zona de perigo» significa um sector do espaço aéreo de dimensões definidas no qual se podem desenvolver em momentos precisos actividades que ponham em perigo o voo de aviões.

ARTIGO III

Quotas

Secção I — Disposições gerais

1 - Cada Estado Parte terá o direito de efectuar voos de observação de acordo com as disposições do presente Tratado.

2 - Cada Estado Parte será obrigado a aceitar voos de observação sobre o seu território de acordo com as disposições do presente Tratado.

3 - Cada Estado Parte terá o direito de efectuar um número de voos de observação sobre o território de qualquer outro Estado Parte igual ao número de voos de observação que este outro Estado Parte tem o direito de efectuar sobre o território do primeiro Estado Parte.

4 - O número total de voos de observação que cada Estado Parte é obrigado a aceitar sobre o seu território é a quota passiva total para esse Estado Parte. A atribuição das quotas passivas totais aos Estados Partes é apresentada na secção I do anexo A ao presente Tratado.

5 - O número de voos de observação que um Estado Parte terá o direito de efectuar cada ano por cima do território de cada um dos outros Estados Partes é a quota activa individual desse Estado Parte relativamente a esse outro Estado Parte. A soma das quotas activas individuais representa a quota activa total desse Estado Parte. A quota activa total de um Estado Parte não deve exceder a sua quota passiva total.

6 - A primeira distribuição das quotas activas é apresentada no anexo A, secção II, do presente Tratado.

7 - Após a entrada em vigor do presente Tratado, a distribuição das quotas activas será submetida a uma revisão anual, para o ano civil seguinte, no quadro da Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto. No caso de não ser possível, durante a revisão anual, no prazo de três semanas, chegar-se a um acordo sobre a distribuição das quotas activas relativas a um dado Estado Parte, a distribuição das quotas activas do ano anterior relativas a esse Estado Parte permanecerão inalteradas.

8 - Excepto como previsto nas disposições do artigo VIII, cada voo de observação efectuado por um Estado Parte conta para as quotas individuais e totais desse Estado Parte.

9 - Não obstante as disposições dos parágrafos 3 e 5 da presente secção, um Estado Parte ao qual uma quota activa foi atribuída poderá, com o acordo do Estado Parte cujo território será sobrevoado, transferir toda ou parte da sua quota activa total para outros Estados Partes e notificará todos os outros Estados Partes e a Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto. As disposições do parágrafo 10 da presente secção aplicar-se-ão.

10 - Nenhum Estado Parte deverá realizar sobre o território de um outro Estado Parte um número de voos de observação superior a 50%, arredondado à unidade superior mais próxima, da sua própria quota activa total ou da quota passiva total desse outro Estado Parte, predominando o mais pequeno desses dois números.

11 - As distâncias máximas dos voos de observação sobre os territórios dos Estados Partes estão estabelecidas na secção III do anexo A do presente Tratado.

Secção II — Disposições aplicáveis a um grupo de Estados Partes

1 - A) Sem prejuízo dos direitos e obrigações ao abrigo deste Tratado, dois ou mais Estados Partes que detenham quotas podem constituir um grupo de Estados Partes no momento da assinatura deste Tratado e posteriormente. Para um grupo de Estados Partes constituído após a assinatura deste Tratado, as disposições desta secção aplicar-se-ão num prazo não inferior a seis meses após todos os outros Estados Partes terem sido notificados e sujeitos às disposições do parágrafo 6 da presente secção.

B) No que diz respeito a quotas activas e passivas, todo o grupo de Estados Partes colaborará de acordo com as disposições do parágrafo 2 ou do parágrafo 3 da presente secção.

2 - A) Os membros de um grupo de Estados Partes têm o direito de redistribuir entre eles as suas quotas activas para o ano corrente, tentando conservar as sua quotas passivas individuais respectivas. Todos os terceiros Estados Partes recebem imediatamente uma notificação da redistribuição.

B) Um voo de observação contará como o mesmo número de voos de observação a contar para as quotas activas individuais e totais da Parte observadora, assim como de Partes observadas sobrevoadas pertencentes ao grupo. Este contará como um voo de observação a contar para a quota passiva total de cada Parte observada.

C) Cada Estado Parte relativamente ao qual um ou vários membros de um grupo de Estados Partes detém as quotas activas terá o direito de realizar sobre o território de qualquer membro do grupo mais 50% da sua quota activa individual de voos de observação relativa a esse membro do grupo, arredondada à unidade superior mais próxima, ou de efectuar dois desses sobre voos, se este não detiver nenhuma quota activa relativa a esse membro do grupo.

D) Nos casos em que exerça esse direito, o Estado Parte em causa reduzirá as suas quotas activas relativas a outros membros do grupo de tal forma que a soma total dos voos de observação que este realiza sobre esses territórios não deverá exceder a soma das quotas activas individuais que o Estado Parte detém relativamente a todos os membros do grupo para o ano corrente.

E) As distâncias máximas dos voos de observação sobre o território de cada membro do grupo aplicar-se-ão. No caso em que é efectuado um voo de observação sobre os territórios de vários membros, depois de a distância máxima de voo aplicada a um membro ter sido percorrida, todos os sensores serão desligados até que o avião de observação atinja o ponto, sobre o território do membro seguinte do grupo de Estados Partes, onde está previsto iniciar-se o voo de observação. Para esse segundo voo de observação aplicar-se-á a distância máxima de voo relativamente ao aeródromo céu aberto mais próximo.

3 - A) Um grupo de Estados Partes terá o direito, se o solicitar, de lhe ser atribuída uma quota passiva total conjunta e as quotas activas individuais totais conjuntas serão distribuídas relativamente a esse grupo.

B) Neste caso, a quota passiva total representa o número total de voos de observação que o grupo de Estados Partes é obrigado a aceitar por ano. A quota activa total é a soma dos voos de observação que o grupo de Estados Partes tem o direito de realizar por ano. A sua quota activa total não deverá exceder a quota passiva total.

C) Um voo de observação resultante da quota activa total do grupo de Estados Partes será efectuado em nome do grupo.

D) Os voos de observação que um grupo de Estados Partes é obrigado a aceitar podem ser realizados sobre o território de um ou de vários dos seus membros.

E) As distâncias máximas de voo correspondentes a cada grupo de Estados Partes estão indicadas na secção III do anexo A e os aeródromos céu aberto serão designados de acordo com as disposições do anexo E do presente Tratado.

4 - De acordo com os princípios gerais enunciados no parágrafo 3 do artigo X, qualquer terceiro Estado Parte que considere que os direitos que lhe conferem as disposições do parágrafo 3 da secção I do presente artigo são indevidamente limitados pela actuação de um grupo de Estados Partes poderá levantar esse problema perante a Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto.

5 - O grupo de Estados Partes assegurará que sejam estabelecidos procedimentos que permitam a realização de voos de observação sobre os territórios dos seus membros numa só missão, incluindo o reabastecimento, caso seja necessário. No caso de um grupo de Estados Partes estabelecido de acordo com o parágrafo 3 da presente secção, esses voos de observação não excederão a distância máxima de voo aplicável aos aeródromos céu aberto onde iniciam os voos de observação.

6 - Num prazo não inferior a seis meses após a notificação da decisão a todos os outros Estados Partes:

A) Um grupo de Estados Partes estabelecido de acordo com as disposições do parágrafo 2 desta secção poderá transformar-se num grupo de Estados Partes de acordo com as disposições do parágrafo 3 da presente secção;

B) Um grupo de Estados Partes estabelecido de acordo com as disposições do parágrafo 3 da presente secção poderá transformar-se num grupo de Estados Partes de acordo com as disposições do parágrafo 2 da presente secção;

C) Um Estado Parte poderá retirar-se de um grupo de Estados Partes; ou

D) Um grupo de Estados Partes poderá admitir outros Estados Partes que detenham quotas.

7 - Após a entrada em vigor do presente Tratado, as alterações das atribuições ou distribuições de quotas resultantes do estabelecimento de um grupo de Estados Partes ou da admissão de Estados Partes num grupo de Estados Partes ou da retirada de Estados Partes de um tal grupo de acordo com o parágrafo 3 da presente secção entrará em vigor no dia 1 de Janeiro seguinte à primeira revisão anual no seio da Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto, que ocorre após o período de seis meses a contar da notificação. Quando for necessário, serão designados novos aeródromos céu aberto e serão estabelecidas as distâncias máximas de voo consequentes.

ARTIGO IV

Sensores

1 - Excepto quando previsto de outro modo no parágrafo 3 do presente artigo, o avião de observação estará equipado exclusivamente com sensores pertencentes a alguma das seguintes categorias:

A) Câmaras ópticas panorâmicas e de captação imagem a imagem;

B) Câmaras vídeo com visualização em tempo real;

C) Dispositivos infravermelhos por varrimento;

D) Radar sintético de exploração lateral.

2 - Um Estado Parte poderá utilizar, para efectuar voos de observação, qualquer dos sensores indicados no parágrafo 1 acima, contanto que esses sensores estejam comercialmente disponíveis para todos os Estados Partes, e sujeitos aos seguintes limites de performance:

A) No caso de câmaras ópticas panorâmicas e de captação imagem a imagem, uma resolução-solo que não exceda 30 cm a altura mínima em relação ao solo determinada de acordo com as disposições do apêndice 1 do anexo D e obtida por não mais do que uma câmara panorâmica, uma câmara de captação imagem a imagem montada verticalmente e duas câmaras de captação imagem a imagem montadas em sentido oblíquo, colocadas uma de cada lado do avião, assegurando uma cobertura do terreno, não necessariamente contínua, de 50 km ou mais de cada lado da trajectória de voo do avião;

B) No caso de câmaras de vídeo, uma resolução-solo não superior a 30 cm, determinada de acordo com as disposições do apêndice 1 do anexo D;

C) No caso de dispositivos infravermelhos por varrimento, uma resolução-solo não superior a 50 cm à altura mínima em relação ao solo, determinada de acordo com as disposições do apêndice 1 do anexo D e obtida a partir de um único dispositivo; e

D) No caso de radares sintéticos de exploração lateral, uma resolução-solo não superior a 3 m, calculada pelo método de resposta aos impulsos, que, utilizando o método de separação de objectos, corresponde à capacidade de distinguir numa imagem radar dois reflectores entre cujos centros haja uma distância não inferior a 5 m, sobre uma largura de varrimento não superior a 25 km obtida a partir de uma só unidade radar capaz de efectuar um varrimento de um lado ou do outro do avião, mas nunca dos dois lados ao mesmo tempo.

3 - A introdução de categorias adicionais de sensores e a melhoria das capacidades dos sensores pertencentes às categorias existentes indicadas no presente artigo serão examinadas pela Comissão Consultiva para o Regime Céu Aberto de acordo com as disposições do artigo X do presente Tratado.

4 - Todos os sensores deverão estar munidos de coberturas ou de outros dispositivos que inibam o funcionamento dos sensores de tal forma que impeçam a recolha de dados durante os voos de trânsito ou os voos até aos pontos de entrada ou a partir dos pontos de saída sobre o território da Parte observada. Essas coberturas ou outros dispositivos só poderão ser retirados ou comandados do exterior do avião de observação.

5 - O equipamento que permite anotar os dados recolhidos pelos sensores de acordo com a secção II do anexo B estará autorizado a bordo do avião de observação. O Estado Parte que fornece o avião de observação para o voo de observação anotará os dados recolhidos pelos sensores com a informação fornecida conforme a secção II do anexo B do presente Tratado.

6 - O equipamento que permite visualizar em tempo real os dados recolhidos pelos sensores será autorizado a bordo dos aviões de observação de forma a controlar o funcionamento e utilização dos sensores durante o voo de observação.

7 - Excepto quando o funcionamento dos sensores aprovados ou o avião de observação o exige, ou nos casos previstos nos parágrafos 5 e 6 do presente artigo, proíbe-se a recolha, elaboração, retransmissão e gravação de sinais electrónicos provenientes de ondas electromagnéticas a bordo do avião de observação e o avião não transportará equipamento para esse tipo de operações.

8 - No caso em que o avião de observação é fornecido pela Parte observadora, esta terá o direito de utilizar um avião de observação equipado com sensores pertencente a cada categoria de sensor que não exceda a capacidade indicada no parágrafo 2 do presente artigo.

9 - No caso em que o avião de observação utilizado para um voo de observação é fornecido pela Parte observada, esta será obrigada a fornecer um avião de observação equipado com sensores pertencente a cada categoria especificada no parágrafo 1 do presente artigo, com uma capacidade máxima e em quantidade como precisa o parágrafo 2 do presente Tratado, e sujeito às disposições da secção II do artigo XVIII, a menos que acordado de outro modo entre as Partes observadora e observada. O conjunto e a configuração desses sensores devem ser instalados de forma a assegurar uma cobertura do terreno conforme o previsto no parágrafo 2 do presente artigo. No caso em que o avião de observação é fornecido pela Parte observada, esta fornecerá um radar sintético de exploração lateral com uma resolução-solo de 6 m ou mais, determinada segundo o método de separação de objectos.