LegalizeThe Dual-Use and Related Goods (Export Control) Regulations 1995
“Splat Quenching” (1) means a process to “solidify rapidly” a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake-like product.
- N.B.: “Solidify rapidly”: solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1,000 K/sec.
156
“Spread spectrum” (5) means the technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow-band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum.
157
“Sputtering” (4) means an overlay coating process wherein positively charged ions are accelerated by an electric field towards the surface of a target (coating material). The kinetic energy of the impacting ions is sufficient to cause target surface atoms to be released and deposited on the substrate.
- N.B.: Triode, magnetron or radio frequency sputtering to increase adhesion of coating and rate of deposition are ordinary modifications of the process.
158
“Stability” (7) means the standard deviation (1 sigma) of the variation of a particular parameter from its calibrated value measured under stable temperature conditions. This can be expressed as a function of time.
159
“Stored programme controlled” (2 3 5) means controlled by using instructions stored in an electronic storage which a processor can execute in order to direct the performance of predetermined functions.
- N.B.: Equipment may be “stored programme controlled” whether the electronic storage is internal or external to the equipment.
160
“Substrate” (3) means a sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which “discrete components” or integrated circuits or both can be located.
- N.B.: “Discrete component”: a separately packaged “circuit element” with its own external connections.
161
“Substrate blanks” (6) means monolithic compounds with dimensions suitable for the production of optical elements such as mirrors or optical windows.
162
“Superalloys” (2 9) means Nickel-, cobalt- or iron-base alloys having strengths superior to any alloys in the AISI 300 series at temperatures over 922 K (649°C) under severe environmental and operating conditions.
163
“Superconductive” (1 3 6 8) means materials, i.e., metals, alloys or compounds, which can lose all electrical resistance, i.e., which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large electrical currents without Joule heating.
- N.B.: The “superconductive” state of a material is individually characterised by a “critical temperature”, a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and temperature.
164
“Super High Power Laser” (SHPL) (6) means a “laser” capable of delivering (the total or any portion of) the output energy exceeding 1 kJ within 50 ms or having an average or CW power exceeding 20 kW.
165
“Superplastic forming” (1 2) means a deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20%) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values.
166
“Swept frequency network analysers” (3) means analysers which involve the automatic measurement of equivalent circuit parameters over a range of frequencies, involving swept frequency measurement techniques but not continuous wave point-to-point measurements.
167
“Switch fabric” (5) is that hardware and associated “software” which provides the physical or virtual connection path for in-transit message traffic being switched.
168
“Synchronous digital hierarchy” (SDH) (5) means a digital hierarchy providing a means to manage, multiplex and access various forms of digital traffic using a synchronous transmission format on different types of media. The format is based on the Synchronous Transport Module (STM) which is defined by CCITT Recommendation G.703, G.707, G.708, G.709 and others yet to be published. The first level rate of “SDH” is 155.52 Mbit/s.
169
“Synchronous optical network” (SONET) (5) means a network providing a means to manage, multiplex and access various forms of digital traffic using a synchronous transmission format on fibre optics. The format is the North America version of “SDH” and also uses the Synchronous Transport Module (STM). However, it uses the Synchronous Transport Signal (STS) as the basic transport module with a first level rate of 51.81 Mbit/s. The SONET standards are being integrated into those of “SDH”.
170
“Systems tracks” (6) means processed, correlated (fusion of radar target data to flight plan position) and updated aircraft flight position report available to the Air Traffic Control centre controllers.
171
“Systolic array computer” (4) means a computer where the flow and modification of the data is dynamically controllable at the logic gate level by the user.
172
“Technical assistance” (GTN NTN) may take forms such as instructions, skills, training, working knowledge and consulting services and may involve the transfer of “technical data”.
173
“Technical data” (GTN NTN) may take forms such as blueprints, plans, diagrams, models, formulae, tables, engineering designs and specifications, manuals and instructions written or recorded on other media or devices such as disk, tape, read-only memories.
174
“Technology” (GTN NTN All) means specific information necessary for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods. This information takes the form of “technical data” or “technical assistance”.
175
“Terminal interface equipment” (4) means equipment at which information enters or leaves the telecommunication system, e.g., telephone, data device, computer, facsimile device.
176
“Tilting spindle” (2) means a tool-holding spindle which alters, during the machining process, the angular position of its centre line with respect to any other axis.
177
“Time constant” (6) is the time taken from the application of a light stimulus for the current increment to reach a value of 1-1/e times the final value (i.e., 63% of the final value).
188
“Toxins” (1 2) means toxins in the form of deliberately isolated preparations or mixtures, no matter how produced, other than toxins present as contaminants of other materials such as pathological specimens, crops, foodstuffs or seed stocks of “microorganisms”.
178
“Total digital transfer rate” (5) means the number of bits, including line coding, overhead and so forth per unit time passing between corresponding equipment in a digital transmission system.
- N.B.: See also “digital transfer rate”.
179
“Transfer laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the lasing species is excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non-lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.
180
“Tunable” (6) means the ability of a “laser” to produce a continuous output at all wavelengths over a range of several “laser” transitions. A line selectable “laser” produces discrete wavelengths within one “laser” transition and is not considered “tunable”.
181
“Uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233” (0) means uranium containing the isotopes 235 or 233, or both, in an amount such that the abundance ratio of the sum of these isotopes to the isotope 238 is more than the ratio of the isotope 235 to the isotope 238 occurring in nature (isotopic ratio 0.72 per cent);
182
“Use” (GTN NTN All) means Operation, installation (including on-site installation), maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul and refurbishing.
183
“User-accessible programmability” (5 6) means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace “programmes” by means other than:
- (a) A physical change in wiring or interconnections; or
- (b) The setting of function controls including entry of parameters.
184
“Vacuum Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 micrometre or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.
185
“Variable geometry airfoils” (7) means the use of trailing edge flaps or tabs, or leading edge slats or pivoted nose droop, the position of which can be controlled in flight.
| CATEGORY 0—NUCLEAR MATERIALS, FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT | CATEGORY 0—NUCLEAR MATERIALS, FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT |
|---|---|
| 0A | Equipment, Assemblies and Components |
| 0A001 | “Nuclear reactors”, i.e. reactors capable of operation so as to maintain a controlled, self-sustaining fission chain reaction, and equipment and components specially designed or prepared for use in connection with a “nuclear reactor”, including: Pressure vessels, i.e. metal vessels as complete units or parts therefor, which are specially designed or prepared to contain the core of a “nuclear reactor” and are capable of withstanding the operating pressure of the primary coolant, including the top plate for a reactor pressure vessel; Fuel element handling equipment, including reactor fuel charging and discharging machines; Control rods specially designed or prepared for the control of the reaction rate in a “nuclear reactor”, including the neutron absorbing part and the support or suspension structures therefore, and control rod guide tubes; Electronic controls for controlling the power levels in “nuclear reactors”, including reactor control rod drive mechanisms and radiation detection and measuring instruments to determine neutron flux levels; Pressure tubes specially designed or prepared to contain fuel elements and the primary coolant in a “nuclear reactor” at an operating pressure in excess of 5.1 MPa; Tubes or assemblies of tubes, made from zirconium metal or alloy in which the ratio of hafnium to zirconium is less than 1:500 parts by weight, specially designed or prepared for use in a “nuclear reactor”; Coolant pumps specially designed or prepared for circulating the primary coolant of “nuclear reactors”; Internal components specially designed or prepared for the operation of a “nuclear reactor”, including core support structures, thermal shields, baffles, core grid plates and diffuser plates; Heat exchangers. |
| 0A002 | Power generating or propulsion equipment specially designed for use with space, marine or mobile “nuclear reactors”. N.B.: SEE ALSO MILITARY GOODS CONTROLS. NOTE: This entry does not apply to conventional power generating equipment which, although designed for use in a particular nuclear station, could in principle be used in conjunction with conventional systems. |
| 0B | Test, Inspection and Production Equipment |
| 0B001 | Plant for the separation of isotopes of “natural uranium” and “depleted uranium”, “special fissile materials” and “other fissile materials”, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows: Plant specially designed for separating isotopes of “natural uranium” and “depleted uranium”, “special fissile materials” and “other fissile materials”, as follows: Gaseous diffusion separation plant; Gas centrifuge separation plant; Aerodynamic separation plant; Chemical exchange separation plant; Ion-exchange separation plant; Atomic vapour “laser” isotopic separation plant; Molecular “laser” isotopic separation plant; Plasma separation plant; Electro magnetic separation plant; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for gaseous diffusion separation process, as follows: Bellow valves made of or protected by materials resistant to UF₆ (e.g. aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel), with a diameter of 40 mm to 1500 mm; Compressors (positive displacement, centrifugal and axial flowtypes) or gas blowers with a suction volume capacity of 1 m³/min or more of UF₆, and discharge pressure up to 666.7 kPa, made of or protected by materials resistant to UF₆ (e.g. aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel); Rotary shaft seals for compressors or blowers specified in 0B001.b.2.a. and designed for a buffer gas in-leakage rate of less than 1,000 cm³/min.; Gaseous diffusion barriers made of porous metallic, polymer or ceramic materials resistant to corrosion by UF₆ with a pore size of 10 to 100 nm, a thickness of 5 mm or less, and, for tubular forms, a diameter of 25 mm or less; Gaseous diffuser housings made of or protected by materials resistant to corrosion by UF₆; Heat exchangers made of aluminium, copper, nickel, or alloys containing more than 60 weight percent nickel, or combinations of these metals as clad tubes, designed to operate at sub-atmospheric pressure with a leak rate that limits the pressure rise to less than 10 Pa per hour under a pressure differential of 100 kPa; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for gas centrifuge separation process, as follows: Gas centrifuges; Complete rotor assemblies consisting of one or more rotor tube cylinders; Rotor tube cylinders with a thickness of 12 mm or less, a diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm, made from any of the following high strength-to-density ratio materials: Maraging steel capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 2050 MPa or more; Aluminium alloys capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 460 MPa or more; or “Fibrous or filamentary materials” with a “specific modulus” of more than 3.18 × 10⁶ m and a “specific tensile strength” greater than 76.2 × 10³ m; Magnetic suspension bearings consisting of an annular magnet suspended within a housing made of UF₆ resistant materials (e.g. aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel) containing a damping medium and having the magnet coupling with a pole piece or second magnet fitted to the top cap of the rotor; Specially prepared bearings comprising a pivot-cup assembly mounted on a damper; Rings or bellows with a wall thickness of 3 mm or less and a diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm and designed to give local support to a rotor tube or to join a number together, made from high strength-to-density ratio materials described in the Note below; Baffles of between 75 mm and 400 mm diameter for mounting inside a rotor tube, made from high strength-to-density ratio materials described in the Note below; Top and bottom caps of between 75 mm and 400 mm diameter to fit the ends of a rotor tube, made from any of the following high strength-to-density ratio materials: Maraging steel capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 2050 MPa or more; or Aluminium alloys capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 460 MPa or more; “Fibrous or filamentary materials” with a “specific modulus” of more than 3.18 × 10⁶ m and a “specific tensile strength” greater than 7.62 × 10⁴ m. Molecular pumps comprised of cylinders having internally machined or extruded helical grooves and internally machined bores; Ring-shaped motor stators for multiphase AC hysteresis (or reluctance) motors for synchronous operation within a vacuum in the frequency range of 600 to 2,000 Hz and a power range of 50 to 1,000 Volt-Amps; Frequency changers (converters or inverters) specially designed or prepared to supply motor stators for gas centrifuge enrichment, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed components therefor: Multiphase output of 600 to 2000 Hz; Frequency control better than 0.1%; Harmonic distortion of less than 2%; and An efficiency greater than 80%; Centrifuge housing/recipients to contain the rotor tube assembly of a gas centrifuge, consisting of a rigid cylinder of wall thickness up to 30 mm with precision machined ends and made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials; Scoops consisting of tubes of up to 12 mm internal diameter for the extraction of UF₆ gas from within a centrifuge rotor tube by a Pitot tube action, made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for aerodynamic separation process, as follows: Separation nozzles consisting of slit-shaped, curved channels having a radius of curvature less than 1 mm and having a knife-edge contained within the nozzle which separates the gas flowing through the nozzle into two streams; Tangential inlet flow-driven cylindrical or conical tubes, (vortex tubes), made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials with a diameter of between 0.5 cm and 4 cm and a length to diameter ratio of 20:1 or less and with one or more tangential inlets; Compressors (positive displacement, centrifugal and axial flow types) or gas blowers with a suction volume capacity of 2 m³/min, made of or protected by materials resistant to UF₆ (e.g., aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel), and rotary shaft seals therefor; Aerodynamic separation element housings, made of or protected by materials resistant to UF₆ to contain vortex tubes or separation nozzles; Heat exchangers made of aluminium, copper, nickel, or alloy containing more than 60 weight percent nickel, or combinations of these metals as clad tubes, designed to operate at pressures of 600 kPa or less; Bellows valves made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials with a diameter of 40 to 1500 mm; Process systems for separating UF₆ from carrier gas (hydrogen or helium) to 1 ppm UF₆ content or less, including: Cryogenic heat exchangers and cryoseparators capable of temperatures of−120°C or less; Cryogenic refrigeration units capable of temperatures of−120°C or less; Separation nozzle or vortex tube units for the separation of UF₆ from carrier gas; UF₆ cold traps capable of temperatures of−20°C or less; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for chemical exchange separation process, as follows: Fast-exchange liquid-liquid centrifugal contactors with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid, (e.g., made of or lined with suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or lined with glass); Fast-exchange liquid-liquid pulse columns with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid,(e.g., made of or lined with suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or lined with glass); Electrochemical reduction cells designed to reduce uranium from one valence state to another; Electrochemical reduction cells feed equipment to take U+⁴ from the organic stream and, for those parts in contact with the process stream, made of or protected by suitable materials (e.g., glass, fluorocarbon polymers, polyphenyl sulphate, polyether sulfone and resin-impregnated graphite); Feed preparation systems for producing high purity uranium chloride solution consisting of dissolution, solvent extraction and/or ion exchange equipment for purification and electrolytic cells for reducing the uranium U+⁶ or U+⁴ to U+³; Uranium oxidation systems for oxidation of U+³ to U+⁴; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for ion-exchange separation process, as follows: Fast reacting ion-exchange resins, pellicular or porous macro- reticulated resins in which the active chemical exchange groups are limited to a coating on the surface of an inactive porous support structure, and other composite structures in any suitable form, including particles or fibres, with diameters of 0.2 mm or less, resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid and designed to have an exchange rate half-time of less than 10 seconds and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 100°C to 200°C; Ion exchange columns (cylindrical) with a diameter greater than 1,000 mm, made of or protected by materials resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. titanium or fluorocarbon plastics) and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 100°C to 200°C and pressures above 0.7 MPa; Ion exchange reflux systems (chemical or electrochemical oxidation or reduction systems) for regeneration of the chemical reducing or oxidizing agents used in ion exchange enrichment cascades; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for atomic vapour “laser” isotopic separation process, as follows: High power electron beam guns with total power of more than 50 kW and strip or scanning electron beam guns with a delivered power of more than 2.5 kW/cm for use in uranium vaporization systems; Trough shaped crucibles and cooling equipment made of or protected by materials resistant to heat and corrosion of molten uranium or uranium alloy,s (e.g., tantalum, yttria-coated graphite, graphite coated with other rare earth oxides or mixtures thereof); N.B: SEE ALSO ENTRY 2A225. Product and tails collector systems made of or lined with materials resistant to the heat and corrosion of uranium vapour, such as yttria-coated graphite or tantalum; Separator module housings (cylindrical or rectangular vessels) for containing the uranium metal vapour source, the electron beam gun and the product and tails collectors; Lasers or laser systems for the separation of uranium isotopes with a spectrum frequency stabiliser for operation over extended periods of time; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for molecular “laser” isotopic separation process, as follows: Supersonic expansion nozzles for cooling mixtures of UF₆ and carrier gas to 150 K or less and made from UF₆ resistant materials; Uranium fluoride (UF₅) product collectors consisting of filter, impact, or cyclone-type collectors or combinations thereof, and made of UF₅/UF₆ resistant materials (e.g. aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloys containing 60 weight percent of nickel and UF₆ resistant fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers); Equipment for fluorinating UF₅ to UF₆; Compressors made of or protected by materials resistant to UF₆ (e.g., aluminium, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel), and rotary shaft seals therefor; Process systems for separating UF₆ from carrier gas (e.g., nitrogen or argon) including: Cryogenic heat exchangers and cryoseparators capable of temperatures of−120°C or less; Cryogenic refrigeration units capable of temperatures of−120°C or less; UF₆ cold traps capable of temperatures of−20°C or less; Lasers or laser systems for the separation of uranium isotopes with a spectrum frequency stabiliser for operation over extended periods of time; Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for plasma separation process, as follows: Product and tails collectors made of or protected by materials resistant to the heat and corrosion of uranium vapour such as yttria-coated graphite or tantalum; Radio frequency ion excitation coils for frequencies of more than 100 kHz and capable of handling more than 40 kW mean power. Microwave power sources and antennae for producing or accelerating ions, with an output frequency greater than 30 GHz and mean power output greater than 50 kW; Uranium plasma generation systems; Liquid uranium metal handling systems consisting of crucibles, made of or protected by suitable corrosion and heat resistant materials (e.g., tantalum, yttria-coated graphite, graphite coated with other rare earth oxides or mixtures thereof), and cooling equipment for the crucibles; N.B.: SEE ALSO ENTRY 2A225. Separator module housings (cylindrical) for containing the uranium plasma source, radio-frequency drive coil and the product and tails collectors and made of a suitable non-magnetic material (e.g. stainless steel); Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for electromagnetic separation process, as follows: Ion sources, single or multiple, consisting of a vapour source, ionizer, and beam accelerator made of suitable materials (e.g., graphite, stainless steel, or copper) and capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater; Ion collector plates for collection of enriched or depleted uranium ion beams, consisting of two or more slits and pockets and made of suitable materials (e.g. graphite or stainless steel); Vacuum housings for uranium electromagnetic separators made of non-magnetic materials (e.g. graphite or stainless steel) and designed to operate at pressures of 0.1 Pa or lower; Magnet pole pieces with a diameter greater than 2 m; High voltage power supplies for ion sources, having all of the following characteristics: Capable of continuous operation; Output voltage of 20,000 V or greater; Output current of 1 A or greater; Voltage regulation of better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours; Magnet power supplies (high power, direct current) having all of the following characteristics: Capable of continuous operation with a current output of 500 A or greater at a voltage of 100 V or greater; Current or voltage regulation better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours. |
| 0B002 | Specially designed or prepared auxiliary systems, equipment and components, as follows, for isotope separation plant specified in 0B001, made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials: Feed autoclaves, ovens or systems used for passing UF₆ to the enrichment process; Desublimers or cold traps, used to remove UF₆ from the enrichment process for subsequent transfer upon heating; Product and tails stations for transferring UF₆ into containers; Liquefaction or solidification stations used to remove UF₆ from the enrichment process by compressing and converting UF₆ to a liquid or solid form; Piping systems and header systems specially designed for handling UF₆ within gaseous diffusion, centrifuge or aerodynamic cascades made of or protected by UF₆ resistant materials; Vacuum manifolds or vacuum headers having a suction capacity of 5 m³/minute or more; or vacuum pumps specially designed for use in UF₆ bearing atmospheres; UF₆ mass spectrometers/ion sources specially designed or prepared for taking on-line samples of feed, product or tails from UF₆ gas streams and having all of the following characteristics: Unit resolution for mass of more than 320 amu; Ion sources constructed of or lined with nichrome or monel, or nickel plated; Electron bombardment ionization sources; and Collector system suitable for isotopic analysis. |
| 0B003 | Plant for the production of uranium hexafluoride (UF₆) and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows: Plant for the production of UF₆; Equipment and components, as follows, specially designed or prepared for UF₆ production: Fluorination and hydrofluorination screw and fluid bed reactors and flame towers; Distillation equipment for the purification of UF₆. |
| 0B004 | Plant for the production of heavy water, deuterium or deuterium compounds, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows: Plant for the production of heavy water, deuterium or deuterium compounds, as follows: Hydrogen sulphide-water exchange plants; Ammonia-hydrogen exchange plants; Hydrogen distillation plants; Equipment and components, as follows, designed for: Hydrogen sulphide-water exchange process: Tray exchange towers; Hydrogen sulphide gas compressors; Ammonia-hydrogen exchange process: High-pressure ammonia-hydrogen exchange towers; High-efficiency stage contactors; Submersible stage recirculation pumps; Ammonia crackers designed for pressures of more than 3 MPa; Hydrogen distillation process: Hydrogen cryogenic distillation towers and cold boxes designed for operation below 35 K (−238°c); Turboexpanders or turboexpander-compressor sets designed for operation below 35 K (−238°c); Heavy water concentration process to reactor grade level (99.75 weight percent deuterium oxide): Water distillation towers containing specially designed packings; Ammonia distillation towers containing specially designed packings; Catalytic burners for conversion of fully enriched deuterium to heavy water; Infrared absorption analysers capable of on-line hydrogen-deuterium ratio analysis where deuterium concentrations are equal to or more than 90 weight percent. |
| 0B005 | Plant specially designed for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements and specially designed equipment therefor. NOTE: A plant for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements includes equipment which: Normally comes into direct contact with or directly processes or controls the production flow of nuclear materials; Seals the nuclear materials within the cladding; Checks the integrity of the cladding or the seal; and Checks the finish treatment of the solid fuel. |
| 0B006 | Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefore, including: Fuel element chopping or shredding machines, i.e. remotely operated equipment to cut, chop, shred or shear irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel assemblies, bundles or rods; Dissolvers, critically safe tanks (e.g. small diameter, annular or slab tanks) specially designed or prepared for the dissolution of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel, which are capable of withstanding hot, highly corrosive liquids, and which can be remotely loaded and maintained; Counter-current solvent extractors and ion-exchange processing equipment specially designed or prepared for use in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” or “special fissile materials” and “other fissile materials”; Process control instrumentation specially designed or prepared for monitoring or controlling the reprocessing of irradiated “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” or “special fissile materials” and “other fissile materials”; Holding or storage vessels specially designed to be critically safe and resistant to the corrosive effects of nitric acid; NOTE: Critically safe tanks may have the following features: Walls or internal structures with a boron equivalent of at least two percent; A maximum diameter or 175 mm for cylindrical vessels; or A maximum width of 75 mm for either a slab or annular vessel. Complete systems specially designed or prepared for the conversion of plutonium nitrate to plutonium oxide; Complete systems specially designed or prepared for the production of plutonium metal. NOTE: Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements includes equipment and components which normally come into direct contact with and directly control the irradiated fuel and the major nuclear material and fission product processing streams. |
| 0B007 | Equipment, as follows, specially designed or prepared for the separation of isotopes of lithium: Packed liquid-liquid exchange columns specially designed for lithium amalgams; Amalgam pumps; Amalgam electrolysis cells; Evaporators for concentrated lithium hydroxide solution. |
| 0B008 | Equipment for “nuclear reactors”: Simulators specially designed for “nuclear reactors”; Ultrasonic or eddy current test equipment specially designed for “nuclear reactors”. |
| 0B009 | Plant for the conversion of uranium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows: Systems for the conversion of uranium ore concentrates to UO₃; Systems for the conversion of UO₃ to UF₆; Systems for the conversion of UO₃ to UO₂; Systems for the conversion of UO₂ to UF₄; Systems for the conversion of UF₄ to UF₆; Systems for the conversion of UF₄ to uranium metal; Systems for the conversion of UF₆ to UO₂; Systems for the conversion of UF₆ to UF₄. |
| 0C | Materials |
| 0C001 | “Natural uranium” or “depleted uranium” or thorium in the form of metal, alloy, chemical compound or concentrate and any other material containing one or more of the foregoing; except: Four grammes or less of “natural uranium” or “depleted uranium” when contained in a sensing component in instruments; “Depleted uranium” specially fabricated for the following civil non-nuclear applications: Shielding; Packaging; Ballasts; Counter-weights. |
| 0C002 | “Special fissile materials” and “other fissile materials”; except: Four “effective grammes” or less when contained in a sensing component in instruments. |
| 0C003 | Materials, which may be used in nuclear heat sources, as follows: Plutonium in any form with a plutonium isotopic assay of plutonium-238 of more than 50%; except: Three grammes or less when contained in a sensing component in instruments; “Previously separated” neptunium-237 in any form; except: Shipments with a neptunium-237 content of one gramme or less. |
| 0C004 | Deuterium, heavy water, deuterated paraffins and other compounds of deuterium, and mixtures and solutions containing deuterium, in which the isotopic ratio of deuterium to hydrogen exceeds 1:5000. |
| 0C005 | Graphite, nuclear-grade, having a purity level of less than 5 parts per million “boron equivalent” and with a density greater than 1.5 g/cm³. |
| 0C006 | Nickel powder and porous nickel metal, as follows: Powder with a nickel purity content of 99.9 weight percent or more and a mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard and a high degree of particle size uniformity; Porous nickel metal produced from materials specified in 0C006.a.; except: Single porous nickel sheets not exceeding 930 cm² intended for use in batteries for civil applications. |
| 0C201 | Specially prepared compounds or powders, other than nickel, resistant to corrosion by UF₆ (e.g. aluminium oxide and fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers), for the manufacture of gaseous diffusion barriers, having a purity of 99.9 weight percent or more and a mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard and a high degree of particle size uniformity. |
| 0D | Software |
| 0D001 | “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category. |
| 0E | Technology |
| 0E001 | “Technology” according to the Nuclear Technology Note for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category. |
| CATEGORY 1—MATERIALS, CHEMICALS, “MICROORGANISMS” & “TOXINS” | CATEGORY 1—MATERIALS, CHEMICALS, “MICROORGANISMS” & “TOXINS” |
| 1A | Equipment, Assemblies and Components |
| 1A001 | Components made from fluorinated compounds, as follows: Seals, gaskets, sealants or fuel bladders specially designed for aircraft or aerospace use made from more than 50% of any of the materials specified in 1C009.b. or c.; Piezoelectric polymers and copolymers made from vinylidene fluoride: In sheet or film form; and With a thickness exceeding 200 micrometre; Seals, gaskets, valve seats, bladders or diaphragms made from fluoroelastomers containing at least one vinylether monomer, specially designed for aircraft, aerospace or missile use. “Missile” in 1A001.c. means complete rocket systems and unmanned air vehicle systems. |
| 1A002 | “Composite” structures or laminates, as follows: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1A202, 9A010 and 9A110. Having an organic “matrix” and made from materials specified in 1C010.c., d. or e.; or Having a metal or carbon “matrix” and made from: Carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” with: A “specific modulus” exceeding 10.15 × 10⁶ m; and A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 17.7 × 10⁴ m; or Materials specified in 1C010.c. NOTE: 1A002 does not control composite structures or laminates made from epoxy resin impregnated carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” for the repair of aircraft structures or laminates, provided the size does not exceed 1 m&2sup;. |
| 1A003 | Manufactures of non-fluorinated polymeric substances specified in 1C008.a., in film, sheet, tape or ribbon form: With a thickness exceeding 0.254 mm; or Coated or laminated with carbon, graphite, metals or magnetic substances. |
| 1A102 | Resaturated pyrolized carbon-carbon materials designed for systems specified in 9A004 or 9A104. |
| 1A202 | Composite structures, other than those specified in 1A002, in the form of tubes with an inside diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm made with “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010.a. or b. or 1C210. N.B.: SEE ALSO 9A110. |
| 1A225 | Platinized catalysts specially designed or prepared for promoting the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen and water for the recovery of tritium from heavy water or for the production of heavy water. |
| 1A226 | Specialized packings for use in separating heavy water from ordinary water and made of phosphor bronze mesh or copper (both chemically treated to improve wettability) and designed for use in vacuum distillation towers. |
| 1A227 | High-density (lead glass or other) radiation shielding windows greater than 0.3 m on a side and with a density greater than 3 g/cm³ and a thickness of 100 mm or greater; and specially designed frames therefor. |
| 1B | Test, Inspection and Production Equipment |
| 1B001 | Equipment for the production of fibres, prepregs, preforms or “composites” specified in 1A002 or 1C010, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B101 AND 1B201. Filament winding machines of which the motions for positioning, wrapping and winding fibres are coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” structures or laminates from “fibrous or filamentary materials”; Tape-laying or tow-placement machines of which the motions for positioning and laying tape, tows or sheets are coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” airframe or missile structures; In 1B001.b., ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned air vehicle systems. Multidirectional, multidimensional weaving machines or interlacing machines, including adapters and modification kits, for weaving, interlacing or braiding fibres to manufacture “composite” structures; except: Textile machinery not modified for the above end-uses; Equipment specially designed or adapted for the production of reinforcement fibres, as follows: Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon, pitch or polycarbosilane) into carbon fibres or silicon carbide fibres, including special equipment to strain the fibre during heating; Equipment for the chemical vapour deposition of elements or compounds on heated filamentary substrates to manufacture silicon carbide fibres; Equipment for the wet-spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide); Equipment for converting aluminium containing precursor fibres into alumina fibres by heat treatment; Equipment for producing prepregs specified in 1C010.e. by the hot melt method; Non-destructive inspection equipment capable of inspecting defects three dimensionally, using ultrasonic or X-ray tomography and specially designed for “composite” materials. |
| 1B002 | Systems and components therefor specially designed for producing metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials specified in 1C002.a.2., 1C002.b. or 1C002.c. |
| 1B003 | Tools, dies, moulds or fixtures, for “superplastic forming” or “diffusion bonding” titanium or aluminium or their alloys, specially designed for the manufacture of: Airframe or aerospace structures; Aircraft or aerospace engines; or Specially designed components for those structures or engines. |
| 1B101 | Equipment, other than that specified in entry 1B001, for the production of structural composites as follows; and specially designed components and accessories therefor: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B201. NOTE: Components and accessories specified in this entry include moulds, mandrels, dies, fixtures and tooling for the preform pressing, curing, casting, sintering or bonding of composite structures, laminates and manufactures thereof. Filament winding machines of which the motions for positioning, wrapping and winding fibres can be coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from fibrous or filamentary materials, and coordinating and programming controls; Tape-laying machines of which the motions for positioning and laying tape and sheets can be coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, designed for the manufacture of composite airframe and “missile” structures; Equipment designed or modified for the production of fibrous or filamentary materials as follows: Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon or polycarbosilane) including special provision to strain the fibre during heating; Equipment for the vapour deposition of elements or compounds on heated filament substrates; and Equipment for the wet-spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide); Equipment designed or modified for special fibre surface treatment or for producing prepregs and preforms specified in entry 9A110. NOTE: Equipment covered by this sub-head includes rollers, tension stretchers, coating equipment, cutting equipment and clicker dies. |
| 1B115 | Equipment for the production, handling and acceptance testing of propellants or propellant constituents specified in 1C115 or in the Military Goods Controls, and specially designed components therefor. NOTES: The only mixers specified in this item are those, which have provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13.326 kPa and with temperature control capability of the mixing chamber: Batch mixers having a total volumetric capacity of 110 litres or more and at least one mixing/kneading shaft mounted off centre; Continuous mixers having two or more mixing/kneading shafts and capability to open the mixing chamber. For equipment specially designed for the production of military goods, see the Military Goods Controls. |
| 1B116 | Specially designed nozzles for producing pyrolitically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1573 K (1300°C) to 3173 K (2900°C) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa. |
| 1B201 | Filament winding machines, other than those specified in 1B001 or 1B101, in which the motions for positioning, wrapping, and winding fibres are coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, specially designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from “fibrous or filamentary materials” and capable of winding cylindrical rotors of diameter between 75 mm and 400 mm and lengths of 600 mm or greater and coordinating and programming controls and precision mandrels therefor. |
| 1B225 | Electrolytic cells for fluorine production with a production capacity greater than 250g of fluorine per hour. |
| 1B226 | Electromagnetic isotope separators, designed for or equipped with, single or multiple ion sources capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater. NOTE: 1B226 includes separators: Capable of enriching stable isotopes; With the ion sources and collectors both in the magnetic field and those configurations in which they are external to the field. |
| 1B227 | Ammonia synthesis converters or ammonia synthesis units in which the synthesis gas (nitrogen and hydrogen) is withdrawn from an ammonia/hydrogen high-pressure exchange column and the synthesized ammonia is returned to said column. |
| 1B228 | Hydrogen-cryogenic distillation columns having all of the following characteristics: Designed to operate with internal temperatures of 35 K (−238°C) or less; Designed to operate at an internal pressure of 0.5 to 5 MPa (5 to 50 atmospheres); Constructed of fine-grain stainless steels of the 300 series with low sulphur content or equivalent cryogenic and H₂-compatible materials; and With internal diameters of 1 m or greater and effective lengths of 5 m or greater. |
| 1B229 | Water-hydrogen sulphide exchange tray columns constructed from fine carbon steel with a diameter of 1.8m or greater to operate at a nominal pressure of 2 MPa or greater. NOTES: For columns which are specially designed or prepared for the production of heavy water see 0B004. 1B229 includes internal contactors of the columns, which are segmented trays with an effective assembled diameter of 1.8m or greater, such as sieve trays, valve trays, bubble cap trays, and turbogrid trays designed to facilitate countercurrent contacting and constructed of materials resistant to corrosion by hydrogen sulphide/water mixtures, such as 304L or 316 stainless steel. Fine Carbon steels include steels such as specified by ASTM A516. |
| 1B230 | Pumps circulating solutions of diluted or concentrated potassium amide catalyst in liquid ammonia (KNH₂/NH₃), with all of the following characteristics: Airtight (i.e., hermetically sealed); For concentrated potassium amide solutions (1% or greater), operating pressure of 1.5-60 MPa (15-600 atmospheres); for dilute potassium amide solutions (less than 1%), operating pressure of 20-60 MPa (200-600 atmospheres); and A capacity greater than 8.5 m³/hr. |
| 1B231 | Facilities or plants for the production, recovery, extraction, concentration, or handling of tritium, and equipment as follows: Hydrogen or helium refrigeration units capable of cooling to 23K (−250°C) or less, with heat removal capacity greater than 150 watts; or Hydrogen isotope storage and purification systems using metal hydrides as the storage, or purification medium. |
| 1C | Materials |
| 1C001 | Materials specially designed for use as absorbers of electromagnetic waves, or intrinsically conductive polymers, as follows: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C101. Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 2 × 10⁸ Hz but less than 3 × 10¹² Hz; except: Materials as follows: NOTE: Nothing in 1C001.a. releases magnetic materials to provide absorption when contained in paint. Hair type absorbers, constructed of natural or synthetic fibres, with non-magnetic loading to provide absorption; Absorbers having no magnetic loss and whose incident surface is non-planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces; Planar absorbers: Made from: Plastic foam materials (flexible or non-flexible) with carbon-loading, or organic materials, including binders, providing more than 5% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 450 K (177°C); or Ceramic materials providing more than 20% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 800 K (527°C); Technical Note: Absorption test samples for 1C001.a.3.a. should be a square at least 5 wavelengths of the centre frequency on a side and positioned in the far field of the radiating element. Tensile strength less than 7 × 10⁶ N/m²; and Compressive strength less than 14 × 10⁶ N/m²; Planar absorbers made of sintered ferrite, with: A specific gravity exceeding 4.4; and A maximum operating temperature of 548 K (275°C); Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 1.5 × 10¹⁴ Hz but less than 3.7 × 10¹⁴ Hz and not transparent to visible light; Intrinsically conductive polymeric materials with a bulk electrical conductivity exceeding 10,000 S/m (Siemens per metre) or a sheet (surface) resistivity of less than 100 ohms/square, based on any of the following polymers: Polyaniline; Polypyrrole; Polythiophene; Poly phenylene-vinylene; or Poly thienylene-vinylene. Technical Note: Bulk electrical conductivity and sheet (surface) resistivity should be determined using ASTM D-257 or equivalents. |
| 1C002 | Metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials, as follows: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C202. NOTE: 1C002 does not control metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials for coating substrates. Metal alloys, as follows: Nickel or titanium-based alloys in the form of aluminides, as follows, in crude or semi-fabricated forms: Nickel aluminides containing 10 weight percent or more aluminium; Titanium aluminides containing 12 weight percent or more aluminium; Metal alloys, as follows, made from metal alloy powder or particulate material specified in 1C002.b.: Nickel alloys with: A stress-rupture life of 10,000 hours or longer at 923 K (650°C) at a stress of 550 MPa; or A low cycle fatigue life of 10,000 cycles or more at 823 K (550°C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa; Niobium alloys with: A stress-rupture life of 10,000 hours or longer at 1,073 K (800°C) at a stress of 400 MPa; or A low cycle fatigue life of 10,000 cycles or more at 973 K (700°C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa; Titanium alloys with: A stress-rupture life of 10,000 hours or longer at 723 K (450°C) at a stress of 200 MPa; or A low cycle fatigue life of 10,000 cycles or more at 723 K (450°C) at a maximum stress of 400 MPa; Aluminium alloys with a tensile strength of: 240 MPa or more at 473 K (200°C); or 415 MPa or more at 298 K (25°C); Magnesium alloys with a tensile strength of 345 MPa or more and a corrosion rate of less than 1 mm/year in 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution measured in accordance with ASTM standard G-31 or equivalents; Technical Notes: The metal alloys specified in 1C002.a. are those containing a higher percentage by weight of the stated metal than of any other element. Stress-rupture life should be measured in accordance with ASTM standard E-139 or equivalents. Low cycle fatigue life should be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E-606 “Recommended Practice for Constant-Amplitude Low-Cycle Fatigue Testing” or equivalents. Testing should be axial with an average stress ratio equal to 1 and a stress-concentration factor (Kt) equal to 1. The average stress is defined as maximum stress minus minimum stress divided by maximum stress. Metal alloy powder or particulate material for materials specified in 1C002.a., as follows: Made from any of the following composition systems: Technical Note: X in the following equals one or more alloying elements. Nickel alloys (Ni-Al-X, Ni-X-Al) qualified for turbine engine parts or components, i.e. with less than 3 non-metallic particles (introduced during the manufacturing process) larger than 100 micrometre in 10⁹ alloy particles; Niobium alloys (Nb-Al-X or Nb-X-Al, Nb-Si-X or Nb-X-Si, Nb-Ti-X or Nb-X-Ti); Titanium alloys (Ti-Al-X or Ti-X-Al); Aluminium alloys (Al-Mg-X or Al-X-Mg, Al-Zn-X or Al-X-Zn, Al-Fe-X or Al-X-Fe); or Magnesium alloys (Mg-Al-X or Mg-X-Al); and Made in a controlled environment by any of the following processes: “Vacuum atomisation”; “Gas atomisation”; “Rotary atomisation”; “Splat quenching”; “Melt spinning” and “comminution”; “Melt extraction” and “comminution”; or “Mechanical alloying”; Alloyed materials, in the form of uncomminuted flakes, ribbons or thin rods produced in a controlled environment by “splat quenching”, “melt spinning” or “melt extraction”, used in the manufacture of metal alloy powder or particulate material specified in 1C002.b. |
| 1C003 | Magnetic metals, of all types and of whatever form, having any of the following characteristics: Initial relative permeability of 120,000 or more and a thickness of 0.05 mm or less; Technical Note: Measurement of initial permeability must be performed on fully annealed materials. Magnetostrictive alloys with: A saturation magnetostriction of more than 5 × 10−4; or A magnetomechanical coupling factor (k) of more than 0.8; or Amorphous alloy strips with: A composition having a minimum of 75 weight percent of iron, cobalt or nickel; and A saturation magnetic induction (Bs) of 1.6 T or more, and: A strip thickness of 0.02 mm or less; or An electrical resistivity of 2 × 10−4 ohm cm or more. |
| 1C004 | Uranium titanium alloys or tungsten alloys with a “matrix” based on iron, nickel or copper, with: A density exceeding 17.5 g/cm³; An elastic limit exceeding 1,250 MPa; An ultimate tensile strength exceeding 1,270 MPa; and An elongation exceeding 8%. |
| 1C005 | “Superconductive” “composite” conductors in lengths exceeding 100 m or with a mass exceeding 100 g, as follows: Multifilamentary “superconductive” “composite” conductors containing one or more niobium-titanium filaments: Embedded in a “matrix” other than a copper or copper-based mixed “matrix”; or With a cross-section area less than 0.28 × 10−4 mm² (6 micrometre in diameter for circular filaments); “Superconductive” “composite” conductors consisting of one or more “superconductive” filaments other than niobium-titanium: With a “critical temperature” at zero magnetic induction exceeding 9.85 K (−263.31°C) but less than 24 K (−249.16°C); With a cross-section area less than 0.28 × 10−4 mm²; and Which remain in the “superconductive” state at a temperature of 4.2 K (−268.96°C) when exposed to a magnetic field corresponding to a magnetic induction of 12 T. |
| 1C006 | Fluids and lubricating materials, as follows: Hydraulic fluids containing, as their principal ingredients, any of the following compounds or materials: Synthetic hydrocarbon oils or silahydrocarbon oils with: A flash point exceeding 477 K (204°C); A pour point at 239 K (−34°C) or less; A viscosity index of 75 or more; and A thermal stability at 616 K (343°C); or NOTE: For the purpose of 1C006.a.1., silahydrocarbon oils contain exclusively silicon, hydrogen and carbon. Chlorofluorocarbons with: No flash point; An autogenous ignition temperature exceeding 977 K (704°C); A pour point at 219 K (−54°C) or less; A viscosity index of 80 or more; and A boiling point at 473 K (200°C) or higher; NOTE: For the purpose of 1C006.a.2, chlorofluorocarbons contain exclusively carbon, fluorine and chlorine. Lubricating materials containing, as their principal ingredients, any of the following compounds or materials: Phenylene or alkylphenylene ethers or thio-ethers, or their mixtures, containing more than two ether or thio-ether functions or mixtures thereof; or Fluorinated silicone fluids with a kinematic viscosity of less than 5,000 mm²/s (5,000 centistokes) measured at 298 K (25°C); Damping or flotation fluids with a purity exceeding 99.8%, containing less than 25 particles of 200 micrometre or larger in size per 100 ml and made from at least 85% of any of the following compounds or materials: Dibromotetrafluoroethane; Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (oily and waxy modifications only); or Polybromotrifluoroethylene; Technical Note: For the purpose of 1C006: Flash point is determined using the Cleveland Open Cup Method described in ASTM D-92 or equivalents. Pour point is determined using the method described in ASTM D-97 or equivalents. Viscosity index is determined using the method described in ASTM D-2270 or equivalents. Thermal stability is determined by the following test procedure or equivalents: Twenty ml of the fluid under test is placed in a 46 ml type 317 stainless steel chamber containing one each of 12.5 mm (nominal) diameter balls of M-10 tool steel, 52100 steel and naval bronze (60% Cu, 39% Zn, 0.75% Sn). The chamber is purged with nitrogen, sealed at atmospheric pressure and the temperature raised to and maintained at 644 ± 6K (371 ± 6°C) for six hours. The specimen will be considered thermally stable if, on completion of the above procedure, all of the following conditions are met: The loss in weight of each ball is less than 10 mg/mm² of ball surface; The change in original viscosity as determined at 311 K (38°C) is less than 25%; and The total acid or base number is less than 0.40. Autogenous ignition temperature is determined using the method described in ASTM E-659 or equivalents. |
| 1C007 | Ceramic base materials, non-“composite” ceramic materials, ceramic-“matrix” “composite” materials and precursor materials, as follows: N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C107 Base materials of single or complex borides of titanium having total metallic impurities, excluding intentional additions, of less than 5,000 ppm, an average particle size equal to or less than 5 micrometre and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 10 micrometre; Non-“composite” ceramic materials in crude or semi-fabricated form composed of borides of titanium with a density of 98% or more of the theoretical density; except: Abrasives; Ceramic-ceramic “composite” materials with a glass or oxide-“matrix” and reinforced with fibres from any of the following systems: Si-N; Si-C; Si-Al-O-N; or Si-O-N; Ceramic-ceramic “composite” materials, with or without a continuous metallic phase, containing finely dispersed particles or phases of any fibrous or whisker-like material, where carbides or nitrides of silicon, zirconium or boron form the “matrix”; Precursor materials (i.e., special purpose polymeric or metallo-organic materials) for producing any phase or phases of the materials specified in 1C007.c., as follows: Polydiorganosilanes (for producing silicon carbide); Polysilazanes (for producing silicon nitride); Polycarbosilazanes (for producing ceramics with silicon, carbon and nitrogen components). |
| 1C008 | Non-fluorinated polymeric substances, as follows: Bismaleimides; Aromatic polyamide-imides; Aromatic polyimides; Aromatic polyetherimides having a glass transition temperature (Tg) exceeding 503 K (230°C) as measured by the wet method; NOTE: 1C008.a does not control non-fusible compression moulding powders or moulded forms. Thermoplastic liquid crystal copolymers having a heat distortion temperature exceeding 523 K (250°C) measured according to ASTM D-648, method A, or equivalents, with a load of 1.82 N/mm² and composed of: Either of the following: Phenylene, biphenylene or naphthalene; or Methyl, tertiary-butyl or phenyl substituted phenylene, biphenylene or naphthalene; and Any of the following acids: Terephthalic acid; 6-hydroxy-2 naphthoic acid; or 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; Polyarylene ether ketones, as follows: Polyether ether ketone (PEEK); Polyether ketone ketone (PEKK); Polyether ketone (PEK); Polyether ketone ether ketone ketone (PEKEKK); Polyarylene ketones; Polyarylene sulphides, where the arylene group is biphenylene, triphenylene or combinations thereof; Polybiphenylenethersulphone. |
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