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The A12 Chelmsford to A120 Widening Development Consent Order 2024

Type Statutory-Instrument

Publication 2024-01-12

Last updated 2025-04-25

State In force

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Made: 12th January 2024

Coming into force: 9th February 2024

The Secretary of State, in exercise of the powers conferred by sections 114[^f00004], 115[^f00005], 117[^f00006], 120[^f00007], 122[^f00008] and 123[^f00009] of, and paragraphs 1 to 3, 10 to 17, 19 to 23, 26, 33, 36 and 37 of Part 1 of Schedule 5[^f00010] to, the 2008 Act, makes the following Order—

PART 1 — PRELIMINARY

Citation and commencement

1

This Order may be cited as the A12 Chelmsford to A120 Widening Development Consent Order 2024 and comes into force on 9th February 2024.

Interpretation

2

(1) In this Order except where provided otherwise—

“the 1961 Act” means the Land Compensation Act 1961[^f00011];

“the 1965 Act” means the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965[^f00012];

“the 1980 Act” means the Highways Act 1980[^f00013];

“the 1981 Act” means the Compulsory Purchase (Vesting Declarations) Act 1981[^f00014];

“the 1984 Act” means the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984[^f00015];

“the 1986 Regulations” means the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986[^f00016];

“the 1990 Act” means the Town and Country Planning Act 1990[^f00017];

“the 1991 Act” means the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991[^f00018];

“the 2004 Act” means the Traffic Management Act 2004[^f00019];

“the 2008 Act” means the Planning Act 2008[^f00020];

“the 2016 Regulations and Directions” means the Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions 2016[^f00021];

“address” includes any number or address for the purposes of electronic transmission;

“agricultural motor vehicle” has the meaning given in regulation 3(2) of the 1986 Regulations;

“Anglian Water” means Anglian Water Services Limited (company number 2366656) whose registered office is at Lancaster House, Lancaster Way, Ermine Business Park, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, PE29 6XU;

“apparatus” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of the 1991 Act;

“authorised development” means the development and associated development described in Schedule 1 (authorised development) and any other development authorised by this Order, which is development within the meaning of section 32 (meaning of development) of the 2008 Act;

“book of reference” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the book of reference for the purposes of this Order;

“bridleway” has the same meaning as in section 329(1) (further provision as to interpretation) of the 1980 Act;

“building” includes any structure or erection or any part of a building, structure or erection;

“Cadent Gas” means Cadent Gas Limited (company number 10080864), whose registered address is Cadent, Pilot Way, Ansty, Coventry, England, CV7 9JU;

“carriageway” has the same meaning as in section 329(1) (further provision as to interpretation) of the 1980 Act;

“classification of roads plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the classification of roads plans for the purposes of this Order;

“cycle track” has the same meaning as in section 329(1) (further provisions as to interpretation) of the 1980 Act[^f00022] and for the purposes of this Order includes parts of a cycle track and includes ways which include a right of way on foot;

“de-trunking and stopping up plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the de-trunking and stopping up plans for the purposes of this Order;

“electronic transmission” means a communication transmitted—by means of an electronic communications network; orby other means but while in electronic form;and in this definition “electronic communications network” has the same meaning as in section 32(1) (meaning of electronic communications networks and services) of the Communications Act 2003[^f00023];

“engineering drawings and sections” means the engineering section drawings and the structures engineering drawings and sections;

“engineering section drawings” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified as the engineering section drawings for the purposes of this Order;

“Environment Agency” means the body of that name created by section 1 of the Environment Act 1995[^f00024] or any successor in function to it;

“environmental masterplan” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the environmental masterplan for the purposes of this Order;

“environmental statement” means the document of that description ... listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified), certified as the environmental statement for the purposes of this Order;

“footpath” and “footway” have the same meaning as in section 329(1) (further provision as to interpretation) of the 1980 Act;

“highway” has the same meaning as in section 328(1) (meaning of “highway”) of the 1980 Act and includes part of a highway;

“highway authority” and “local highway authority” have the same meaning as in the 1980 Act;

“land plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the land plans for the purposes of this Order;

“limits of deviation” means the limits of deviation referred to in article 9 (limits of deviation);

“maintain” in relation to the authorised development includes to inspect, repair, adjust, alter, improve, landscape, preserve, remove, reconstruct, refurbish or replace, provided such works do not give rise to any materially new or materially different environmental effects in comparison with those reported in the environmental statement, and any derivative of “maintain” is to be construed accordingly;

“motor cycle” has the meaning given in regulation 3(2) of the 1986 Regulations;

“National Grid” means National Grid Electricity Transmission PLC (Company No. 2366977) whose registered office is at 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH;

“Network Rail” means Network Rail Infrastructure Limited (Company No. 02904587) whose registered office is at Waterloo General Office, London, United Kingdom, SE1 8SW;

“Order land” means the land shown on the land plans which is within the limits of land to be acquired or used permanently or temporarily and described in the book of reference;

“Order limits” means the limits of land to be acquired permanently or used temporarily as shown on the land plans, and the limits of land within which the authorised development, as shown on the works plans, may be carried out;

“owner”, in relation to land, has the same meaning as in section 7 (interpretation) of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981[^f00025];

“permanent works” means those works shown on the permanent works plans and described under the heading “Permanent Works” in Schedule 1;

“permanent works plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the permanent works plans for the purposes of this Order and forming parts of the works plans;

“relevant local highway authority” means the local highway authority in whose area the highway in question lies;

“relevant planning authority” means in any given provision of this Order, the local planning authority for the land to which the provision relates;

“retained and removed vegetation plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the retained and removed vegetation plans for the purposes of this Order;

“revocation of existing traffic orders plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the revocation of existing traffic orders plans for the purposes of this Order;

“special category land plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the special category land plans for the purposes of this Order;

“statutory undertaker” means any statutory undertaker for the purposes of section 127(8) (statutory undertakers’ land) of the 2008 Act;

“street” means a street within the meaning of section 48[^f00026] (streets, street works and undertakers) of the 1991 Act, together with land on the verge of a street or between two carriageways, and includes part of a street;

“street authority”, in relation to a street, has the same meaning as in Part 3 (street works in England and Wales) of the 1991 Act;

“streets, rights of way and access plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the streets, rights of way and access plans for the purposes of this Order;

“structures engineering drawings and sections” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the structures engineering drawings and sections for the purposes of this Order;

“supplementary botanical survey report” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the supplementary botanical survey report for the purposes of this Order;

“supplementary hedgerow survey report” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the supplementary hedgerow survey report for the purposes of this Order;

“temporary works” means those works shown on the temporary works plans and described under the heading “Temporary Works” in Schedule 1;

“temporary works plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the temporary works plans for the purposes of this Order and forming part of the works plans;

“traffic authority” has the same meaning as in section 121A[^f00027] (traffic authorities) of the 1984 Act;

“traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans for the purposes of this Order;

“traffic regulation measures speed limits plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified) certified by the Secretary of State as the traffic regulation measures speed limits plans for the purposes of this Order;

“the tribunal” means the Lands Chamber of the Upper Tribunal;

“trunk road” means a highway which is a trunk road by virtue of—section 10[^f00028] (general provision as to trunk roads) or section 19(1)[^f00029] (certain special roads and other highways to become trunk roads) of the 1980 Act;an order made or direction given under section 10 of that Act; oran order granting development consent; orany other enactment;

“undertaker” means National Highways Limited, company number 09346363, whose registered office is at Bridge House, 1 Walnut Tree Close, Guildford, Surrey, GU1 4LZ;

“utilities works” means those works shown on the permanent works plans and described under the heading “Utilities Works” in Schedule 1;

“utilities works plans” means the document of that description listed in Schedule 12 (documents to be certified), certified by the Secretary of State as the utilities works plans for the purposes of this Order and forming part of the works plans;

“variable speed limit sign” in relation to a vehicle, means a traffic sign of the type shown in diagram 670 or 671 in Part 2 of Schedule 10 to the 2016 Regulations and Directions which—is placed on or near any part of a road which is specified in column (2) of the table in Part 7 of Schedule 3 to this Order;is directed at traffic on the carriageway on which the vehicle is being driven; andis displayed as a variable message sign by light-emitting characters and symbols;

“watercourse” includes all rivers, streams, ditches, drains, canals, cuts, culverts, dykes, sluices, sewers and passages through which water flows except a public sewer or drain; and

“works plans” means the plans comprising the permanent works plans, the temporary works plans and the utilities works plans.

(2) References in this Order to rights over land include references to rights to do or to place and maintain, anything in, on or under land or in the airspace above its surface.

(3) References in this Order to the imposition of restrictive covenants are references to the creation of rights over land which interfere with the interests or rights of another and are for the benefit of land which is acquired under this Order or is otherwise comprised in the Order land.

(4) References in this Order to the creation and acquisition of rights over land include references to rights to oblige a party having an interest in land to grant those rights referenced in the Order, at the direction of the undertaker, either—

(a) to an affected person directly, where that affected person’s land or rights over land have been adversely affected by this Order, and, where that is the case, the rights referenced in the Order are to be granted for the benefit of the land in which that affected person has an interest at the time of the making of this Order; or

(b) to any statutory undertaker for the purposes of their undertaking.

(5) All distances, directions and lengths referred to in this Order are approximate and distances between points on a work comprised in the authorised development are taken to be measured along that work.

(6) For the purposes of this Order, all areas described in square metres in the book of reference are approximate.

(7) References in this Order to points identified by letters or numbers are to be construed as references to points so lettered or numbered on the relevant plans.

(8) References in this Order to numbered works are references to the works as numbered in Schedule 1 (authorised development).

(9) References in this Order to the expression “includes” may be construed without limitation, unless so construing would give rise to any materially new or materially different environmental effects in comparison with those reported in the environmental statement.

Disapplication of legislative provisions

3

(1) The provisions of the Neighbourhood Planning Act 2017[^f00030] insofar as they relate to temporary possession of land under articles 40 (temporary use of land for carrying out the authorised development) and 41 (temporary use of land for maintaining the authorised development) do not apply in relation to the construction of work or the carrying out of any operation required for the purpose of, or in connection with, the construction of the authorised development and, within the maintenance period defined in article 41(13), any maintenance of any part of the authorised development.

(2) The following provisions do not apply in relation to the construction of any work or the carrying out of any operation required for the purpose of, or in connection with, the construction of the authorised development—

(a) section 32 (variation of awards) of the Land Drainage Act 1991[^f00031]; and

(b) the provisions of any byelaws made under section 66[^f00032] (powers to make byelaws) of the Land Drainage Act 1991.

Maintenance of drainage works

4

(1) Nothing in this Order, or the construction, maintenance or operation of the authorised development under it, affects any responsibility for the maintenance of any works connected with the drainage of land, whether that responsibility is imposed or allocated by or under any enactment, or otherwise, unless otherwise agreed in writing between the undertaker and the person responsible.

(2) In this article “drainage” has the same meaning as in section 72(1) (interpretation) of the Land Drainage Act 1991[^f00033].

PART 2 — PRINCIPAL POWERS

5

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Order including the requirements in Schedule 2 (requirements), the undertaker is granted development consent for the authorised development to be carried out within the Order limits.

(2) Any enactment applying to land within or adjacent to the Order limits has effect subject to the provisions of this Order.

Maintenance of authorised development

6

The undertaker may at any time maintain the authorised development, except to the extent that this Order, or an agreement made under this Order, provides otherwise.

Application of the 1990 Act

7

(1) This article applies where the Order land is used for the temporary works.

(2) Where this article applies, section 57(2) of the 1990 Act (planning permission required for development) applies as if the development consent granted by this Order were planning permission granted for a limited period.

Planning permission

8

If planning permission is issued pursuant to the 1990 Act for development any part of which is within the Order limits following the coming into force of this Order that is—

(a) not itself a nationally significant infrastructure project under the 2008 Act or part of such a project; or

(b) required to complete or enable the construction, use or operation of any part of the authorised development,

then the carrying out, use or operation of such development under the terms of the planning permission does not constitute a breach of the terms of this Order.

Limits of deviation

9

(1) The following provisions of this article have effect subject to the requirement that the undertaker must, save for any works or operations authorised under article 25 (protective work to buildings) or 26 (authority to survey and investigate land), construct the authorised development within the Order limits.

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), in constructing or maintaining the permanent works comprised in the authorised development and shown on the permanent works plans the undertaker may deviate laterally from the lines or situations shown on the permanent works plans, within the limits of deviation for permanent works.

(3) In constructing and maintaining the—

(a) flood mitigation works; and

(b) borrow pits restoration works

shown on the permanent works plans, the undertaker may deviate laterally within the limits of deviation for those works shown on those plans.

(4) In constructing the footpaths, cycle tracks, footways and bridleways referred to in article 14(5) (classification of roads, etc.) or the new streets or private means of access referred to in article 19(2)(a) (permanent stopping up and restriction of use of streets and private means of access) the undertaker may, so far as the undertaker considers it necessary or convenient, deviate laterally from the routes shown on the streets, rights of way and access plans to the extent of the limits of deviation shown on those plans.

(5) In constructing or maintaining the linear works, the undertaker may deviate vertically from the levels shown on the engineering section drawings—

(a) upwards to any extent not exceeding 1 metre, or, in relation to Work Nos. 45(b) and 74(a) upwards to any extent not exceeding 1.5 metres; and

(b) downwards to any extent not exceeding 1 metre.

(6) The maximum vertical limits of deviation referred to in paragraph (5) do not apply where it is demonstrated by the undertaker to the Secretary of State’s satisfaction and the Secretary of State, following consultation with—

(a) the relevant planning authority; and

(b) in respect of the authorised development comprising highways other than a special road or a trunk road, the relevant local highway authority,

certifies accordingly that a deviation in excess of these limits would not give rise to any materially new or materially different environmental effects in comparison with those reported in the environmental statement.

(7) Subject to paragraphs (2) to (6), in constructing the authorised development the undertaker may deviate by up to 3 metres from the points of commencement and termination of any linear works shown on the works plans.

(8) In constructing and maintaining the temporary works shown on the temporary works plans the undertaker may so far as the undertaker considers it necessary or convenient deviate laterally from the lines or situations shown on the temporary works plans to the extent of the limits of deviation - temporary works shown on those plans.

(9) In constructing and maintaining the utilities works shown on the utilities works plans the undertaker may so far as the undertaker considers it necessary or convenient deviate laterally from the lines or situations shown on the utilities works plans to the extent of the limits of deviation - utilities shown on those plans.

(10) In this article, references to “linear works” are references to any works shown on the permanent works plans by way of a centreline.

Benefit of Order

10

(1) Subject to article 11 (consent to transfer benefit of Order) and paragraph (2), the provisions of this Order conferring powers on the undertaker have effect solely for the benefit of the undertaker.

(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to the works for which the consent is granted by this Order for the express benefit of owners and occupiers of land, statutory undertakers and other persons affected by the authorised development.

11

(1) Subject to paragraph (5), the undertaker may with the written consent of the Secretary of State—

(a) transfer to another person (“the transferee”) any or all of the benefit of the provisions of this Order and such related statutory rights as may be agreed between the undertaker and the transferee;

(b) grant to another person (“the grantee”) for a period agreed between the undertaker and the grantee any or all of the benefit of the provisions of this Order and such related statutory rights as may be so agreed.

(2) Where an agreement has been made in accordance with paragraph (1), references in this Order to the undertaker, except in paragraph (3), include references to the transferee or the grantee, or any other person who may exercise, enjoy or be responsible for any functions of the undertaker pursuant to that agreement, as the case may be.

(3) The exercise by a person of any benefits or rights conferred in accordance with any transfer or grant under paragraph (1) is subject to the same restrictions, liabilities and obligations as would apply under this Order if those benefits or rights were exercised by the undertaker,

(4) If the benefit of the provisions of this Order relating to compulsory acquisition is transferred or granted to a transferee or grantee pursuant to this article and the transferee or grantee exercises those powers then the undertaker alone is liable for any compensation that is payable to another party as a consequence of the exercise of those powers by the transferee or grantee.

(5) The consent of the Secretary of State is not required under this article, where the transfer or grant is made to—

(a) Anglian Water for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U1, U2B, U3C, U12A, U13, U25, U26, U29A, U32, U33, U36, U39, U45, U46, U59, U62, U63A, U68, U72, U73, U73A, U74, U85, U85A, U85B, U102, U104A, U106A, U141, U141A, U142, U143, U145A, U146B, U146C, U147A, U147D, U148, U156, U165, U167A, U184A, U186A, U191, U192, U193A, U199, U200 and U208;

(b) BT for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U5, U7, U8, U9, U11, U14, U15, U16, U17, U18, U19, U20, U22, U27, U28, U30, U37, U40, U41, U43, U48, U51, U53, U55, U56, U64, U75, U77, U79, U83, U86, U88, U91, U92, U93, U94, U96, U99, U100, U101, U105, U108, U109, U110, U111, U111A, U111B, U112, U114, U115, U116, U119, U122, U123, U124, U125, U126, U128A, U129, U133, U134, U138, U139, U145, U146, U147, U147B, U149, U150, U152, U153, U155, U161, U162, U167, U168, U169, U174, U175, U178, U179, U181, U182, U183, U184, U185, U186, U188, U189, U190, U193, U194, U195, U200A, U201, U203 and U206;

(c) Cadent Gas for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U2, U3, U34, U42, U69, U76, U81, U89, U90, U98, U103, U104, U113, U157, U158, U166 and U170;

(d) Northumbrian Water for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U3A, U10A, U10B, U10C, U57, U58, U60, U62A, U65, U67, U70, U82, U85A, U87, U95, U117 and U132;

(e) UKPN for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U2A, U3B, U4, U10, U20A, U23, U24, U29, U31, U37A, U38, U38A, U47, U50, U50A, U52, U54, U61, U63, U66, U71, U78, U84, U84A, U97, U107, U118, U127, U128, U130, U131, U135, U136, U144, U146A, U147C, U159, U160, U163, U166A, U173, U180, U187, U196, U197, U198, U204 and U205;

(f) Verizon for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work No. U12B;

(g) Virgin Media for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U12, U21, U22A, U35, U44, U121, U124A, U137, U154, U172, U177and U202; and

(h) Vodafone for the purposes of undertaking any works relating to its apparatus set out in Work Nos. U6, U49, U80, U120, U140, U151, U164, U171, U176and U207.

(6) In this article—

“BT” means British Telecommunications Plc (company number 1800000), whose registered office is 1 Braham Street, London, United Kingdom, E1 8EE;

“Northumbrian Water” means Northumbrian Water Limited (Company No. 02366703) whose registered office is at Northumbria House, Abbey Road, Pity Me, Durham, DH1 5FJ;

“UKPN” means UK Power Networks (Operations) Limited (company number 03870728), whose registered office is at Newington House, 237 Southwark Bridge Road, London, SE1 6NP;

“Verizon” means Verizon UK Limited (company number 02776038) whose registered office is at Reading International Business Park, Basingstoke Road, Reading, RG2 6DA;

“Virgin Media” means Virgin Media Limited (company number 2591237) whose registered office is at 500 Brook Drive, Reading RG2 6UU; and

“Vodafone” means Vodafone Group Plc (company number 1833679) whose registered office is at Vodafone House, The Connection, Newbury, Berkshire RG14 2FN;

PART 3 — STREETS

Application of the 1991 Act

12

(1) Works executed under this Order in relation to a highway which consists of or includes a carriageway are to be treated for the purposes of Part 3 (street works in England and Wales) of the 1991 Act as major highway works if—

(a) they are of a description mentioned in any of paragraphs (a), (c) to (e), (g) and (h) of section 86(3) (which defines what highway authority works are major highway works) of that Act[^f00034]; or

(b) they are works which, had they been executed by the relevant local highway authority, might have been carried out in exercise of the powers conferred by section 64[^f00035] (dual carriageways and roundabouts) of the 1980 Act or section 184[^f00036] (vehicle crossings over footways and verges) of that Act.

(2) In Part 3 of the 1991 Act references to the highway authority concerned are, in relation to works which are major highway works by virtue of paragraph (1), to be construed as references to the undertaker.

(3) The following provisions of the 1991 Act (including any equivalent or modified provisions in any permit scheme) do not apply in relation to any works executed under the powers of this Order—

(a) section 56[^f00037] (power to give directions as to timing of street works);

(b) section 56A[^f00038] (power to give directions as to placing of apparatus);

(d) section 58A[^f00040] (restriction on works following substantial street works);

(e) section 73A (power to require undertaker to re-surface street);

(f) section 73B( (power to specify timing etc. of re-surfacing);

(g) section 73C (materials, workmanship and standard of re-surfacing);

(h) section 78A (contributions to costs of re-surfacing by undertaker); and

(i) Schedule 3A[^f00041] (restriction on works following substantial street works).

(4) The provisions of the 1991 Act mentioned in paragraph (5) (which, together with other provisions of that Act, apply in relation to the execution of street works) and any regulations made, or code of practice issued or approved, under those provisions apply (with the necessary modifications) in relation to any stopping up, alteration or diversion of a street of a temporary nature by the undertaker under the powers conferred by article 18 (temporary alteration, diversion, prohibition and restriction of the use of streets) whether or not the stopping up, alteration or diversion constitutes street works within the meaning of that Act.

(5) The provisions of the 1991 Act referred to in paragraph (4) are—

(a) section 54[^f00042] (advance notice of certain works), subject to paragraph (6);

(b) section 55[^f00043] (notice of starting date of works), subject to paragraph (6);

(d) section 59[^f00045] (general duty of street authority to co-ordinate works);

(e) section 60[^f00046] (general duty of undertakers to co-operate);

(f) section 68[^f00047] (facilities to be afforded to street authority);

(g) section 69[^f00048] (works likely to affect other apparatus in the street);

(h) section 75[^f00049] (inspection fees);

(i) section 76 (liability for cost of temporary traffic regulation); and

(j) section 77 (liability for cost of use of alternative route).

and all such other provisions as apply for the purposes of the provisions mentioned above.

(6) Sections 54[^f00050] and 55 of the 1991 Act as applied by paragraph (4) have effect as if references in section 57 of that Act to emergency works were a reference to a restriction, alteration or diversion (as the case may be) required in a case of emergency.

(7) Nothing in article 13 (construction and maintenance of new, altered or diverted streets and other structures)—

(a) affects the operation of section 87 (prospectively maintainable highways) of the 1991 Act;

(b) means the undertaker is by reason of any duty under that article to maintain a street to be taken to be the street authority in relation to that street for the purposes of Part 3 of that Act; or

(c) has effect in relation to maintenance works which are street works within the meaning of the 1991 Act to which the provisions of Part 3 of the 1991 Act apply.

Construction and maintenance of new, altered or diverted streets and other structures

13

(1) Any highway (other than a trunk road) to be constructed under this Order must be completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the relevant local highway authority in whose area the highway lies and, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant local highway authority, the highway must be maintained by and at the expense of the relevant local highway authority from its completion.

(2) Where a highway (other than a trunk road) is altered or diverted under this Order, the altered or diverted part of the highway must be completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the relevant local highway authority and, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant local highway authority, that part of the highway must be maintained by and at the expense of the relevant local highway authority from its completion.

(3) Where a highway is de-trunked under this Order—

(a) section 265[^f00051] (transfer of property and liabilities upon a highway becoming or ceasing to be a trunk road) of the 1980 Act applies in respect of that highway; and

(b) any alterations to that highway undertaken under powers conferred by this Order prior to and in connection with that de-trunking must, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant local highway authority, be maintained by and at the expense of the relevant local highway authority from the date of de-trunking.

(4) In the case of a bridge constructed under this Order to carry a highway (other than a trunk road) over a trunk road, the highway surface (being those elements over the waterproofing membrane) must be maintained by and at the expense of the relevant local highway authority unless otherwise agreed in writing between the undertaker and the relevant local highway authority, and the remainder of the bridge, including the waterproofing membrane, the structure below the waterproof membrane and the parapets must be maintained by and at the expense of the undertaker.

(5) In any action against the undertaker in respect of loss or damage resulting from any failure by it to maintain a street under this article, it is a defence (without prejudice to any other defence or the application of the law relating to contributory negligence) to prove that the undertaker had taken such care as in all the circumstances was reasonably required to secure that the part of the street to which the action relates was not dangerous to traffic.

(6) For the purposes of a defence under paragraph (5), the court must in particular have regard to the following matters—

(a) the character of the street and the traffic which was reasonably to be expected to use it;

(b) the standard of maintenance appropriate for a street of that character and used by such traffic;

(d) whether the undertaker knew, or could reasonably have been expected to know, that the condition of the part of the street to which the action relates was likely to cause danger to users of the street; and

(e) where the undertaker could not reasonably have been expected to repair that part of the street before the cause of action arose, what warning notices of its condition had been displayed,

but for the purposes of such a defence it is not relevant to prove that the undertaker had arranged for a competent person to carry out or supervise the maintenance of the part of the street to which the action relates unless it is also proved that the undertaker had given the competent person proper instructions with regard to the maintenance of the street and the competent person had carried out those instructions.

Classification of roads, etc.

14

(1) On the date on which the roads described in Part 1 (trunk roads) of Schedule 3 (classification of roads etc.) are completed and open for traffic, they are to become trunk roads as if they had become so by virtue of an order under section 10(2)[^f00052] (general provision as to trunk roads) of the 1980 Act specifying that date as the date on which they were to become trunk roads.

(2) On the date on which the roads described in Part 2 (classified A roads), Part 3 (classified B roads) and Part 4 (classified C roads) of Schedule 3 are completed and open for traffic, they are to become classified roads for the purpose of any enactment or instrument which refers to highways classified as classified roads as if such classification had been made under section 12(3) (general provision as to principal and classified roads) of the 1980 Act.

(3) On and after the date on which the roads described in Part 5 (unclassified roads) of Schedule 3 are completed and open for traffic, they are to become unclassified roads for the purpose of any enactment or instrument which refers to roads which are not classified roads.

(4) On such day as the undertaker may determine, the orders specified in column (3) of Part 12 (revocations & variations of existing traffic regulation orders) of Schedule 3 are to be varied or revoked as specified in the corresponding row of column (4) of that Part in respect of the lengths of roads specified in the corresponding row of column (2) of that Part.

(5) Subject to article 9(4) (limits of deviation) unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant local highway authority, the footpaths, cycle tracks, footways and bridleways set out in Part 13 (footpaths, cycle tracks, footways and bridleways) of Schedule 3 and identified on the streets, rights of way and access plans are to be constructed by the undertaker in the specified locations and open for use from the date on which the authorised development is open to traffic.

(6) On such day as the undertaker may determine, the roads described in Part 14 (roads to be de-trunked) of Schedule 3 are to cease to be trunk roads as if they had ceased to be trunk roads by virtue of an order made under section 10(2) of the 1980 Act specifying that date as the date on which they were to cease to be trunk roads.

(7) The undertaker may only make a determination for the purposes of paragraph (6) with the consent of the Secretary of State, who must consult the relevant local highway authority as to the date and as to whether the highway to be de-trunked is of a reasonably satisfactory standard for use as a local highway.

(8) The application of paragraphs (1) to (6) may be varied or revoked by any instrument made under any enactment which provides for the variation or revocation of such matters.

Speed limits

15

(1) On and after the date on which the roads specified in the table in Part 6 (speed limits) of Schedule 3 (classification or roads etc) are open for traffic, no person is to drive any motor vehicle at a speed exceeding the limit in miles per hour specified in column (3) of that table (or the national speed limit where so specified) along the lengths of road identified in the corresponding row of column (2) of that table.

(2) Where the words “national speed limit” appear in column (3) of the table in Part 6 of Schedule 3, on and after the date on which the lengths of road identified in the corresponding row of column (2) of that table are open to traffic the national speed limit will apply to those lengths of roads.

(3) On and after the date on which the roads specified in Part 7 (variable speed limits) of Schedule 3 are open for traffic no person is to drive any motor vehicle on the lengths of road identified in column (2) of that Part at a speed exceeding the lesser of—

(a) the national speed limit (if no limit in miles per hour is indicated by a variable message sign); or

(b) the limit in miles per hour indicated by a speed limit sign displayed on a variable message sign, if one is so indicated.

(4) A section of road is subject to a variable speed limit in relation to a vehicle being driven along it if—

(a) the section of road is identified in column (2) of Part 7 (speed limits) of Schedule 3 as being subject to a variable speed limit in column (3) of that Part;

(b) the vehicle has passed a speed limit sign displayed on a variable message sign; and

(i) another speed limit sign indicating a different speed limit; or

(ii) a traffic sign which indicates that the national speed limit is in force.

(5) For the purposes of paragraph (3)—

(a) the speed limit indicated by a variable message sign is the speed shown at the time the vehicle passes the sign, or, if higher, the speed limit shown by the sign ten seconds before the vehicle passed the sign;

(b) if, ten seconds before the vehicle passed it, no speed limit in miles per hour is indicated by a variable message sign, the national speed limit applies.

(6) On and after the date on which the roads specified in the tables in Parts 6 (speed limits) and 7 (variable speed limits) of Schedule 3 are open for traffic, where the words “Removal of restricted road status” appear in column (3) of those tables, those lengths of road will cease to be restricted roads as if, on that date, a direction had been made under section 82(2)(a) (what roads are restricted roads) of the 1984 Act.

(7) No speed limit imposed by or under this Order applies to vehicles falling within regulation 3(4) of the Road Traffic Exemptions (Special Forces) (Variation and Amendment) Regulations 2011[^f00053] when used in accordance with regulation 3(5) of those Regulations.

(8) The application of paragraphs (1) to (6) may be varied or revoked by any instrument under any enactment which provides for the variation or revocation of such matters, including by an instrument made under the 1984 Act where the matter in question could have been included in an order made under that Act.

(9) In this article—

“national speed limit” has the same meaning as in Schedule 1 to the 2016 Regulations and Directions and a traffic sign which indicates that the national speed limit applies means a traffic sign of the type shown in diagram 671 in Part 2 of Schedule 10 to the 2016 Regulations and Directions which is—placed on or near a road; anddirected at traffic on the carriageway on which the vehicle is being driven,where “road” includes the adjacent hard shoulder and verge and any lay by;

“speed limit sign” in relation to a vehicle, means a traffic sign of the type shown in diagram 670 in Part 2 of Schedule 10 to the 2016 Regulations and Directions which is—situated on or near any part of a road specified in column (2) of the table in Part 6 (speed limits) of Schedule 3 to this Order as being subject to a variable speed in limit in column (3) of that table; anddirected at traffic on the carriageway on which the vehicle is being driven;

“variable message sign” has the meaning given by Schedule 1 (definitions) to the 2016 Regulations and Directions;

Power to alter layout etc. of streets

16

(1) Subject to paragraph (3), the undertaker may, for the purposes of constructing and maintaining the authorised development, alter the layout of any street within the Order limits and the layout of any street having a junction with such a street; and, without limitation on the scope of this paragraph, the undertaker may—

(a) increase the width of the carriageway of the street by reducing the width of any kerb, footpath, footway, cycle track or verge within the street;

(b) alter the level or increase the width of any such kerb, footway, cycle track or verge;

(d) make and maintain passing places.

(2) The undertaker must restore any street that has been temporarily altered under this article to the reasonable satisfaction of the street authority.

(3) The powers conferred by paragraph (1)—

(a) are exercisable on the giving of not less than 42 days’ notice to the street authority; and

(b) are not to be exercised without the consent of the street authority where that authority is a public authority.

(4) If a street authority which receives an application for consent under paragraph (3) fails to notify the undertaker of its decision before the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the date on which the application was made, it is deemed to have granted consent.

(5) Any application to which this article applies must include a statement that the provisions of paragraph (4) apply to that application.

(6) Paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) do not apply where the undertaker is the street authority for a street in which the works are being carried out.

Street Works

17

(1) The undertaker may, for the purposes of the authorised development, enter on so much of any of the streets as are within the Order limits and may—

(a) break up or open the street, or any sewer, drain or tunnel under it;

(b) tunnel or bore under the street or carry out works to strengthen or repair the carriageway;

(d) place and keep apparatus in or under the street;

(e) maintain, renew, alter apparatus in the street or change its position;

(f) demolish, remove, replace and relocate any street furniture;

(g) execute any works to provide or improve sight lines;

(h) execute and maintain any works to provide hard and soft landscaping;

(i) carry out re-lining and placement of road markings;

(j) remove and install temporary and permanent signage; and

(k) execute any works required for, or incidental to, any works referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) to (j).

(2) The authority given by paragraph (1) is a statutory right for the purposes of sections 48(3) (streets, street works and undertakers) and 51(1) (prohibition of unauthorised street works) of the 1991 Act.

Temporary alteration, diversion, prohibition and restriction of the use of streets

18

(1) The undertaker, during and for the purposes of carrying out the authorised development, may temporarily alter, divert, prohibit or restrict the use of any street and may for any reasonable time—

(a) divert the traffic from the street; and

(b) subject to paragraph (3), prevent all persons from passing along the street.

(2) Without limitation on the scope of paragraph (1), the undertaker may use any street where the use has been temporarily prohibited or restricted under the powers conferred by this article, and which is within the Order limits, as a temporary working site.

(3) The undertaker must provide reasonable access for pedestrians going to or from premises abutting a street affected by the temporary alteration, diversion, prohibition or restriction of a street under this article if there would otherwise be no such access.

(4) The undertaker must not temporarily alter, divert, prohibit or restrict the use of any street for which it is not the street authority without the consent of the street authority, which may attach reasonable conditions to any consent but such consent must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

(5) Any person who suffers loss by the temporary alteration, diversion, prohibition or restriction of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 of the 1961 Act.

(6) If a street authority which receives an application for consent under paragraph (4) fails to notify the undertaker of its decision before the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the date on which the application was made, it is deemed to have granted consent.

(7) Any application to which this article applies must include a statement that the provisions of paragraph (6) apply to that application.

Permanent stopping up and restriction of use of streets and private means of access

19

(1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the undertaker may, in connection with the construction of the authorised development, stop up each of the streets and private means of access shown on the streets, rights of way and access plans and the de-trunking and stopping up plans and specified in columns (1) and (2) of Parts 1, 2, 4 and 6 of Schedule 4 (permanent stopping up of highways and private means of access and provision of new highways and private means of access) to the extent specified and described in column (3) of those Parts of that Schedule.

(2) No street or private means of access specified in columns (1) and (2) of Parts 2 and 4 of Schedule 4 (being a street or private means of access to be stopped up for which a substitute is to be provided) is to be wholly or partly stopped up under this article unless—

(a) subject to article 9(4) (limits of deviation) the new street or private means of access to be constructed and substituted for it, which is specified in column (4) of those Parts of that Schedule, has been completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the street authority and is open for use; or

(b) a temporary alternative route for the passage of such traffic as could have used the street or private means of access to be stopped up is first provided and subsequently maintained by the undertaker, to the reasonable satisfaction of the street authority, between the commencement and termination points for the stopping up of the street or private means of access until the completion and opening of the new street or private means of access in accordance with sub-paragraph (a).

(3) No street or private means of access specified in columns (1) and (2) of Parts 1 and 6 of Schedule 4 (being a highway or private means of access to be stopped up for which no substitute is to be provided) is to be wholly or partly stopped up under this article unless the condition specified in paragraph (4) is satisfied in relation to all the land which abuts on either side of the street or private means of access to be stopped up.

(4) The condition referred to in paragraph (3) is that—

(a) the undertaker is in possession of the land; or

(b) there is no right of access to the land from the street or private means of access concerned; or

(c) there is a reasonably convenient access to the land otherwise than from the street or private means of access concerned; or

(d) the owners and occupiers of the land have agreed to the stopping up.

(5) Where a street or private means of access has been stopped up under this article—

(a) all rights of way over or along the street or private means of access so stopped up are extinguished; and

(b) the undertaker may appropriate and use for the purposes of the authorised development so much of the site of the street or private means of access as is bounded on both sides by land owned by the undertaker.

(6) Any person who suffers loss by the suspension or extinguishment of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(7) This article is subject to article 43 (apparatus and rights of statutory undertakers in stopped up streets).

Public rights of way

20

(1) The public rights of way identified in columns (1) to (3) of Parts 1 and 2 of Schedule 4 (being highways to be stopped up) and shown on the streets, rights of way and access plans, are extinguished on the date of the expiry of the notice given under paragraph (2).

(2) The undertaker must erect a site notice at each end of each of the rights of way to be extinguished in accordance with paragraph (1) no less than 28 days prior to the extinguishment of the right of way in question.

(3) The lengths of highway which may be provided under this Order are described in Part 3 (new highways which are otherwise to be provided) of Schedule 4.

Access to works

21

The undertaker may, for the purposes of the authorised development, form and lay out means of access, or improve existing means of access, at such locations within the Order limits as the undertaker reasonably requires for the purposes of the authorised development.

Clearways, prohibitions and restrictions

22

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (6), on and after such day as the undertaker may determine, no person is to cause or permit any vehicle to stop on any part of the lengths of road described in column (2) of Part 8 (traffic regulation measures (clearways)) of Schedule 3 (classification of roads, etc.) and identified on the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans where it is identified in the corresponding row of column (3) of that Part that such lengths of road are to become a clearway, or that the stopping of vehicles is otherwise prohibited, except upon the direction of, or with the permission of, a uniformed constable or uniformed traffic officer.

(2) Except as provided in paragraph (10), on and after such day as the undertaker may determine, no person is to cause or permit any vehicle to proceed on any part of the lengths of road described in column (2) of Part 9 (traffic regulation measures (prohibitions)) of Schedule 3 and identified on the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans where it is identified in the corresponding row of column (3) of that Part that such lengths of road are to be subject to a width restriction, if the width of the vehicle exceeds the width specified in column (3) of that Part, except upon the direction of, or with the permission of, a uniformed constable or uniformed traffic officer.

(3) Except as provided in paragraph (10), on and after such day as the undertaker may determine, no person is to proceed or cause or permit any vehicle to proceed on any part of the lengths of road described in column (2) of Part 9 (traffic regulation measures (prohibitions)) of Schedule 3 (classification of roads, etc.) and identified on the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans in contravention of a prohibition set out in the corresponding row of column (3) of that Part except upon the direction of, or with the permission of, a uniformed constable or uniformed traffic officer.

(4) Except as provided in paragraph (11), on and after such day as the undertaker may determine, no person is to proceed on or cause or permit any vehicle to enter a road specified in column (2) of Part 10 (traffic regulation measures (no entry)) of Schedule 3 and identified on the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans from the road which is identified in column (3) of that Part where it is identified in the corresponding row of column (4) of that Part (by the words “No Entry”) that there is a prohibition on such entry, except upon the direction of, or with the permission of, a uniformed constable or uniformed traffic officer.

(5) Except as provided in paragraphs (6) to (9), on and after such a day as the undertaker may determine, no person is to cause or permit any vehicle to wait on any part of the lengths of road described in column (2) of Part 11 (traffic regulation measures (waiting restrictions)) of Schedule 3 and identified on the traffic regulation measures movement restrictions plans during the periods specified in column (3) of that Part, except upon the direction of, or with the permission of, a uniformed constable or civil enforcement officer.

(6) Nothing in paragraphs (1) or (5) applies—

(a) to render it unlawful to cause or permit a vehicle to stop or wait on any part of a road, for so long as may be necessary to enable that vehicle to be used in connection with—

(i) the removal of any obstruction to traffic;

(ii) the maintenance, improvement, reconstruction or operation of the road;

(iii) the laying, erection, inspection, maintenance, alteration, repair, renewal or removal in or near the road of any sewer, main pipe, conduit, wire, cable, or other apparatus for the supply of gas, water, electricity or any electronic communications apparatus as defined in Schedule 3A (the electronic communications code) to the Communications Act 2003[^f00054]; or

(iv) any building operation or demolition;

(b) in relation to a vehicle being used—

(i) for police, ambulance, fire and rescue authority or traffic officer purposes,

(ii) in the service of a local authority, safety camera partnership or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency in pursuance of statutory powers or duties;

(iii) in the service of a water or sewerage undertaker within the meaning of the Water Industry Act 1991[^f00055]; or

(iv) by a universal service provider for the purposes of providing a universal postal service as defined in the Postal Services (Universal Postal Service) Order 2012[^f00056]; or

(i) required by law to stop;

(ii) obliged to stop in order to avoid an accident; or

(iii) prevented from proceeding by circumstances outside the person’s control.

(7) Nothing in paragraph (5) applies in relation to a vehicle waiting—

(a) to enable a person to board or alight from the vehicle;

(b) while any gate or other barrier at the entrance to premises to or from which the vehicle requires access, or from which it has emerged, is opened or closed, if it is not reasonably practicable for the vehicle to wait otherwise;

(d) where a disabled person’s badge and a parking disc are displayed in the relevant position, and the driver or the person in charge of the vehicle has marked the time at which the period of waiting began, for a period not exceeding three hours (not being a period separated by an interval of less than one hour from a previous period of waiting by the same vehicle in the same road) but only if that vehicle has been or is about to be driven or used by the person to whom the badge has been issued or, as the case may be, used for the carrying of a disabled person as a passenger (except where the prohibition of waiting does not relate to “no waiting except taxis, ambulances or police vehicles”);

(e) where the traffic authority for the road has given permission by means of a dispensation issued under paragraph (8) to be displayed in the front or nearside of the vehicle and which includes information to enable the driver to be contacted in an emergency, provided the vehicle is not causing an obstruction by doing so, and that the vehicle can be moved if the driver is requested to do so by a uniformed constable or a civil enforcement officer;

(f) where the vehicle is being used in connection with essential work at adjacent premises for the purpose of undertaking emergency glazing repair to those premises; or

(g) where the vehicle is being loaded or unloaded while it is in actual use in connection with—

(i) the removal of furniture from one office or dwelling to another, or

(ii) the removal of furniture from such premises to a depository or to such premises from a depository,

if it is not practicable to use the vehicle for such purpose in any other road.

(8) Upon written application on a form issued by and obtainable from the traffic authority any person duly authorised by the traffic authority may issue a dispensation to exempt that vehicle from a prohibition of waiting on any part of the roads described in paragraph (5).

(9) No person is to cause or permit any vehicle to wait on any part of the lengths of roads described in paragraph (5) for the purposes of selling or dispensing of, goods from that vehicle, unless the goods are immediately delivered at, or taken into, premises adjacent to the land on which the vehicle stood when the goods were sold or dispensed.

(10) Nothing in paragraphs (2) and (3) applies to render it unlawful to cause or permit a vehicle to proceed on any of the lengths of roads described in those paragraphs, for so long as may be necessary to enable that vehicle to be used in connection with—

(a) the removal of any obstruction to traffic;

(b) the maintenance, improvement, reconstruction or operation of the road in question;

(c) the laying, erection, inspection, maintenance, alteration, repair, renewal or removal in or near the road in question of any sewer, main pipe, conduit, wire, cable, or other apparatus for the supply of gas, water, electricity or any electronic communications apparatus as defined in Schedule 3A (the electronic communications code) to the Communications Act 2003[^f00057]; or

(d) any building operation or demolition.

(11) Nothing in paragraph (4) applies to render it unlawful to cause or permit a vehicle to enter a road in contravention of that paragraph, if it is necessary to do so to enable that vehicle to be used in connection with—

(a) the removal of any obstruction to traffic; or

(b) the maintenance, improvement, reconstruction or operation of the road.

(12) Paragraphs (1) to (11) have effect as if made by order under the 1984 Act, and their application may be varied or revoked by an order made under that Act or any other enactment which provides for the variation or revocation of such orders.

(13) In this article—

“civil enforcement officer” means an individual employed as a civil enforcement officer under section 76 (civil enforcement officers) of the 2004 Act;

“disabled person’s badge” and “parking disc” have the same meaning as in the Local Authorities’ Traffic Orders (Exemptions for Disabled Persons) (England) Regulations 2000[^f00058];

“in the relevant position”—in respect of a disabled persons badge or parking ticket, means—the badge or parking ticket is exhibited on the dashboard or facia of the vehicle so that the front of the badge or parking ticket is clearly legible from the outside of the vehicle; orwhere the vehicle is not fitted with a dashboard or facia, the badge or parking ticket is exhibited in a conspicuous position on the vehicle,so that the front of the badge or parking ticket is clearly legible from the outside of the vehicle;in respect of a disabled person’s parking disc, means—the disc is exhibited on the dashboard or facia of the vehicle; orwhere the vehicle does not have a dashboard or facia, the disc is exhibited in a conspicuous position on the front near side of the vehicle,so that when marked to show the quarter hour period during which a period of waiting began, that period is clearly legible from the outside of the vehicle; and

“traffic officer” means an individual designated under section 2 (designation of traffic officers) of the 2004 Act.

Traffic Regulation

23

(1) This article applies to roads in respect of which the undertaker is not the traffic authority.

(2) Subject to the provisions of this article, and the consent of the traffic authority in whose area the road concerned is situated, which consent must not be unreasonably withheld, the undertaker may, for the purposes of the authorised development—

(a) revoke, amend or suspend in whole or in part any order made, or having effect as if made, under the 1984 Act;

(b) permit, prohibit or restrict the stopping, waiting, loading or unloading of vehicles on any road;

(d) make provision as to the direction or priority of vehicular traffic on any road; and

(e) permit or prohibit vehicles, or vehicles of any class, or pedestrians access to any road,

either at all times or at times, on days or during such periods as may be specified by the undertaker.

(3) The power conferred by paragraph (2) may be exercised at any time prior to the expiry of 12 months from the opening of the authorised development for public use but subject to paragraph (7) any prohibition, restriction or other provision made under paragraph (2) may have effect both before and after the expiry of that period.

(4) The undertaker must consult the chief officer of police and the traffic authority in whose area the road is situated before complying with the provisions of paragraph (5).

(5) The undertaker must not exercise the powers conferred by paragraph (2) unless the undertaker has—

(a) given not less than—

(i) 12 weeks’ notice in writing of the undertaker’s intention so to do in the case of a prohibition restriction or other provision intended to have effect permanently; or

(ii) 4 weeks’ notice in writing of the undertaker’s intention so to do in the case of a prohibition , restriction or other provision intended to have effect temporarily,

to the chief officer of police and to the traffic authority in whose area the road is situated; and

(b) advertised its intention in such manner as the traffic authority may specify in writing within 28 days of its receipt of notice of the undertaker’s intention in the case of sub-paragraph (a)(i) or within 7 days of its receipt of notice of the undertaker’s intention in the case of sub-paragraph (a)(ii).

(6) Any prohibition, restriction or other provision made by the undertaker under paragraph (2)—

(a) has effect as if duly made by, as the case may be—

(i) the traffic authority in whose area the road is situated, as a traffic regulation order under the 1984 Act; or

(ii) the local authority in whose area the road is situated, as an order under section 32 (power of local authorities to provide parking spaces) of the 1984 Act[^f00059]

and the instrument by which it is effected may specify savings and exemptions to which the prohibition restriction or other provision is subject; and

(b) is deemed to be a traffic order for the purposes of Schedule 7 (road traffic contraventions subject to civil enforcement) to the 2004 Act.

(7) Any prohibition, restriction or other provision made under this article may be suspended, varied or revoked by the undertaker from time to time by subsequent exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph (2) within a period of 24 months from the opening of the authorised development.

(8) Before exercising the powers conferred by paragraph (2) the undertaker must consult such persons as the undertaker considers necessary and appropriate and must take into consideration any representations made to the undertaker by any such person.

(9) Expressions used in this article and in the 1984 Act have the same meaning in this article as in that Act.

(10) The powers conferred on the undertaker by this article with respect to any road have effect subject to any agreement entered into by the undertaker with any person with an interest in (or who undertakes activities in relation to) premises served by the road.

(11) If the traffic authority fails to notify the undertaker of its decision within 28 days of receiving an application for consent under paragraph (2) the traffic authority is deemed to have granted consent.

(12) Any application to which this article applies must include a statement that the provisions of paragraph (11) apply to that application.

PART 4 — SUPPLEMENTAL POWERS

Discharge of water

24

(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), the undertaker may use any watercourse or any public sewer or drain for the drainage of water in connection with the carrying out, maintenance or use of the authorised development and for that purpose may lay down, take up and alter pipes and may, on any land within the Order limits, make openings into, and connections with, the watercourse, public sewer or drain.

(2) Any dispute arising from the making of connections to or use of a public sewer or drain by the undertaker under paragraph (1) is to be determined as if it were a dispute under section 106 (right to communicate with public sewers) of the Water Industry Act 1991[^f00060].

(3) The undertaker must not discharge any water into any watercourse, public sewer or drain except with the consent of the person to whom it belongs; and such consent may be given subject to such terms and conditions as that person may reasonably impose, but must not be unreasonably withheld.

(4) The undertaker must not make any opening into any public sewer or drain except—

(a) in accordance with plans approved by the person to whom the sewer or drain belongs, but such approval must not be unreasonably withheld; and

(b) where that person has been given the opportunity to supervise the making of the opening.

(5) The undertaker must take such steps as are reasonably practicable to secure that any water discharged into a watercourse or public sewer or drain under this article is as free as may be practicable from gravel, soil or other solid substance, oil or matter in suspension.

(6) If a person who receives an application for consent under paragraph (3) or approval under paragraph (4)(a) fails to notify the undertaker of a decision within 28 days of receiving an application, that person is deemed to have granted consent or given approval, as the case may be.

(7) Any application to which this article applies must include a statement that the provisions of paragraph (6) apply to that application.

(8) Nothing in this article overrides the requirement for an environmental permit under regulation 12 (requirement for environmental permit) of the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016[^f00061].

(9) In this article—

(a) “public sewer or drain” means a sewer or drain which belongs to Homes England, the Environment Agency, an internal drainage board, a joint planning board, a local authority, a sewerage undertaker or an urban development corporation; and

(b) other expressions used both in this article and in the Water Resources Act 1991[^f00062] have the same meaning as in that Act.

Protective work to buildings

25

(1) Subject to the following provisions of this article, the undertaker may at its own expense carry out such protective works to any building which may be affected by the authorised development as the undertaker considers necessary or expedient.

(2) Protective works may be carried out—

(a) at any time before or during the carrying out in the vicinity of the building of any part of the authorised development; or

(b) after the completion of that part of the authorised development in the vicinity of the building at any time up to the end of the period of 5 years beginning with the day on which that part of the authorised development is first opened for use.

(3) For the purpose of determining how the functions under this article are to be exercised the undertaker may enter and survey any building falling within paragraph (1) and any land within its curtilage, and place on, leave on and remove from the land any apparatus and equipment for use in connection with the survey.

(4) For the purpose of carrying out protective works to a building under this article to a building the undertaker may (subject to paragraphs (5) and (6))—

(a) enter the building and any land within its curtilage; and

(b) where the works cannot be carried out reasonably conveniently without entering land which is adjacent to the building but outside its curtilage, enter the adjacent land (but not any building erected on it).

(5) Before exercising—

(a) a right under paragraph (1) to carry out protective works to a building;

(b) a right under paragraph (3) to enter a building and land within its curtilage;

(d) a right under paragraph (4)(b) to enter land,

the undertaker must, except in the case of emergency, serve on the owners and occupiers of the building or land not less than 14 days’ notice of its intention to exercise that right and, in a case falling within sub-paragraph (a) or (c), specifying the protective works proposed to be carried out.

(6) Where a notice is served under paragraph (5)(a), (c) or (d), the owner or occupier of the building or land concerned may, by serving a counter-notice within the period of 10 days beginning with the day on which the notice was served, require the question whether it is necessary or expedient to carry out the protective works or to enter the building or land to be referred to arbitration under article 61 (arbitration).

(7) The undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of any building or land in relation to which rights under this article have been exercised for any loss or damage arising to them by reason of the exercise of those rights.

(8) Where—

(a) protective works are carried out under this article to a building; and

(b) within the period of 5 years beginning with the day on which the part of the authorised development carried out in the vicinity of the building is first opened for use it appears that the protective works are inadequate to protect the building against damage caused by the carrying out or use of that part of the authorised development,

the undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of the building for any loss or damage sustained by them.

(9) Nothing in this article relieves the undertaker from any liability to pay compensation under section 152[^f00063] (compensation in case where no right to claim in nuisance) of the 2008 Act.

(10) Section 13[^f00064] (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the entry onto land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of section 125[^f00065] (compulsory acquisition provisions) of the 2008 Act.

(11) Any compensation payable under paragraph (7) or (8) is to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(12) In this article “protective works” in relation to a building means—

(a) underpinning, strengthening and any other works the purpose of which is to prevent damage which may be caused to the building by the carrying out, maintenance or use of the authorised development; and

(b) any works the purpose of which is to remedy any damage which has been caused to the building by the carrying out, maintenance or use of the authorised development.

Authority to survey and investigate the land

26

(1) The undertaker may for the purposes of the construction, operation or maintenance of the authorised development enter on any land shown within the Order limits or which may be affected by the authorised development and, where reasonably necessary, any land which is adjacent to, but outside the Order limits, and—

(a) survey or investigate the land (including any watercourses, groundwater, static water bodies or vegetation on the land);

(b) without limitation on the scope of sub-paragraph (a), make any excavations or trial holes and boreholes and other investigations in such positions on the land as the undertaker thinks fit to investigate the nature of the surface layer, subsoil and groundwater and remove soil and water samples and discharge water from sampling operations on to the land;

(c) without limitation on the scope of sub-paragraph (a), carry out ecological or archaeological investigations on such land, including making excavations or trial holes on the land for such purposes; and

(d) place on, leave on and remove from the land apparatus for use in connection with the survey and investigation of land and making trial holes and boreholes.

(2) No land may be entered or equipment placed or left on or removed from the land under paragraph (1) unless at least 14 days’ notice has been served on every owner and occupier of the land.

(3) Any person entering land under this article on behalf of the undertaker—

(a) must, if so required, before or after entering the land, produce written evidence of their authority to do so; and

(b) may take into the land such vehicles and equipment as are necessary to carry out the survey or investigation or to make the trial holes and boreholes.

(4) No trial holes are to be made under this article—

(a) in land located within the highway boundary without the consent of the relevant local highway authority; or

(b) in a private street without the consent of the street authority,

but such consent must not be unreasonably withheld.

(5) The undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of the land for any loss or damage arising by reason of the exercise of the powers conferred by this article, such compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(6) The notice required under paragraph (2) must indicate the nature of the survey or investigation that the undertaker intends to carry out.

(7) Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the temporary use of land pursuant to this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of section 125 (application of compulsory acquisition provisions) of the 2008 Act.

(8) If either a local highway authority or a street authority which receives an application for consent fails to notify the undertaker of its decision within 28 days of receiving the application for consent—

(a) under paragraph (4)(a) in the case of a local highway authority; or

(b) under paragraph (4)(b) in the case of a street authority,

that authority is deemed to have granted consent.

(9) Any application to which this article applies must include a statement that the provisions of paragraph (8) apply to that application.

PART 5 — POWERS OF ACQUISITION

Compulsory acquisition of land

27

(1) The undertaker may acquire compulsorily so much of the Order land as is required for the authorised development, or to facilitate it, or is incidental to it, or is required as replacement land.

(2) This article is subject to—

(a) article 30(2) (compulsory acquisition of rights and imposition of restrictive covenants);

(b) article 40(9) (temporary use of land for carrying out the authorised development); and

Compulsory acquisition of land – incorporation of the mineral code

28

Parts 2 and 3 of Schedule 2 (minerals) to the Acquisition of Land Act 1981[^f00066] are incorporated into this Order subject to the modifications that—

(a) paragraph 8(3) is not incorporated;

(b) for “the acquiring authority” substitute “the undertaker”; and

Time limit for exercise of authority to acquire land compulsorily

29

(1) After the end of the period of 5 years beginning on the day on which this Order is made—

(a) no notice to treat is to be served under Part 1 of the 1965 Act; and

(b) no declaration is to be executed under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act as applied by article 37 (application of the 1981 Act).

(2) The authority conferred by article 40 (temporary use of land for carrying out the authorised development) ceases at the end of the period referred to in paragraph (1), except that nothing in this paragraph prevents the undertaker from remaining in possession of land after the end of that period, if the land was entered and possession was taken before the end of that period.

Compulsory acquisition of rights and imposition of restrictive covenants

30

(1) Subject to the following paragraphs of this article, the undertaker may acquire such rights over the Order land or impose restrictive covenants affecting the land, including rights and restrictive covenants for the benefit of a statutory undertaker or any other person, as may be required for any purpose for which that land may be acquired under article 27 (compulsory acquisition of land), by creating them as well as acquiring rights already in existence.

(2) In the case of the Order land specified in column (1) of Schedule 5 (land in which new rights etc. may be acquired) the undertaker’s powers of compulsory acquisition are limited to the acquisition of such wayleaves, easements, new rights in the land or the imposition of restrictive covenants as may be required for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (2) of that Schedule and relating to that part of the authorised development specified in column (3) of that Schedule.

(3) The power under paragraph (1) to acquire the rights and to impose the restrictive covenants described in Schedule 5 for the benefit of statutory undertakers or for the benefit of any other person—

(a) does not preclude the acquisition of such other rights and the imposition of such other restrictive covenants in respect of the same land in accordance with Schedule 5 as may be required for the benefit of any other statutory undertaker or any other person; and

(b) must not be exercised by the undertaker in a way that precludes the acquisition of such other rights and the imposition of such other restrictive covenants in respect of the same land in accordance with Schedule 5 as are required for the benefit of any other statutory undertaker or any other person.

(4) Subject to section 8[^f00067] (other provisions as to divided land) of, and Schedule 2A[^f00068] (counter-notice requiring purchase of land not in notice to treat) to the 1965 Act (as substituted by paragraph 5(8) of Schedule 6 (modification of compensation and compulsory purchase enactments for and imposition of restrictive covenants)), where the undertaker acquires a right over land or the benefit of a restrictive covenant, affecting land under paragraph (1), the undertaker is not required to acquire a greater interest in that land.

(5) Schedule 6 has effect for the purpose of modifying the enactments relating to compensation and the provisions of the 1965 Act in their application in relation to the compulsory acquisition under this article of a right over land by the creation of a new right or the imposition of a restrictive covenant.

Private rights over land

31

(1) Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights over land subject to compulsory acquisition under this Order are extinguished on—

(a) the date of acquisition of the land by the undertaker whether compulsorily or by agreement; or

(b) the date of entry on the land by the undertaker under section 11(1)[^f00069] (power of entry) of the 1965 Act,

whichever is the earlier.

(2) Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights over land subject to the compulsory acquisition of rights or the imposition of restrictive covenants under this Order are extinguished in so far as their continuance would be inconsistent with the exercise of the right or the burden of the restrictive covenant—

(a) from the date of the acquisition of the right or the benefit of the restrictive covenant by the undertaker, whether compulsorily or by agreement; or

(b) on the date of entry on the land by the undertaker under section 11(1) (power of entry) of the 1965 Act,

whichever is earlier.

(3) Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights over land owned by the undertaker which, being within the limits of land ... that are within the Order limits are extinguished when any material operation comprised in the authorised development interferes with or breaches those rights.

(4) Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights over land of which the undertaker takes temporary possession under this Order are suspended and unenforceable for as long as the undertaker remains in lawful possession of the land.

(5) Any person who suffers loss by the extinguishment or suspension of any private right under this article is entitled to compensation in accordance with the terms of section 152[^f00070] (compensation in case where no right to claim in nuisance) of the 2008 Act to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(6) This article does not apply in relation to any right to which section 138[^f00071] (extinguishment of rights, and removal of apparatus, of statutory undertakers etc.) of the 2008 Act or article 42 (statutory undertakers) applies.

(7) Paragraphs (1) to (4) have effect subject to—

(a) any notice given by the undertaker before—

(i) the completion of the acquisition of the land or the acquisition of the rights or the imposition of the restrictive covenant over or affecting the land;

(ii) the undertaker’s appropriation of it;

(iii) the undertaker’s entry onto it; or

(iv) the undertaker’s taking temporary possession of it,

that any or all of those paragraphs do not apply to any right specified in the notice; and

(b) any agreement made at any time between the undertaker and the person in or to whom the right in question is vested or belongs.

(8) If any such agreement as referred to in paragraph (7)(b)—

(a) is made with a person in or to whom the right is vested or belongs; and

(b) is expressed to have effect also for the benefit of those deriving title from or under that person,

it is effective in respect of the persons so deriving title, whether the title was derived before or after the making of the agreement.

(9) References in this article to private rights over land include any trust, incident, easement, liberty, privilege, right or advantage annexed to land and adversely affecting other land, including any natural right to support and include restrictions as to the user of land arising by virtue of a contract, agreement or undertaking having that effect.

(10) The new private means of access which may be provided under this Order are described in Part 5 (new private means of access which are to be provided) of Schedule 4.

Power to override easements and other rights

32

(1) Any authorised activity which takes place on land within the Order limits (whether the activity is undertaken by the undertaker or by any person deriving title from the undertaker or by any contractors, servants or agents of the undertaker) is authorised by this Order if it is done in accordance with the terms of this Order, notwithstanding that it involves—

(a) an interference with an interest or right to which this article applies; or

(b) a breach of a restriction as to the user of land arising by virtue of a contract.

(2) The interests and rights to which this article applies include any easement, liberty, privilege, right or advantage annexed to land and adversely affecting other land, including any natural right to support and include restrictions as to the user of land arising by the virtue of a contract.

(3) Where an interest, right or restriction is overridden by paragraph (1), compensation—

(a) is payable under section 7 (measure of compensation in case of severance) or section 10[^f00072] (further provision as to compensation for injurious affection) of the 1965 Act; and

(b) is to be assessed in the same manner and subject to the same rules as in the case of other compensation under those sections where—

(i) the compensation is to be estimated in connection with a purchase under that Act; or

(ii) the injury arises from the execution of works on or use of land acquired under that Act.

(4) Where a person deriving title under the undertaker by whom the land in question was acquired—

(a) is liable to pay compensation by virtue of paragraph (3); and

(b) fails to discharge that liability,

the liability is enforceable against the undertaker.

(5) Nothing in this article is to be construed as authorising any act or omission on the part of any person which is actionable at the suit of any person on any grounds other than such an interference or breach as is mentioned in paragraph (1) of this article.

(6) In this article “authorised activity” means—

(a) the erection, construction or maintenance of any part of the authorised development;

(b) the exercise of any power authorised by this Order; or

Disregard of certain interests and improvements

33

(1) In assessing the compensation payable to any person on the acquisition from that person of any land or right over any land under this Order, the tribunal must not take into account—

(a) any interest in land; or

(b) any enhancement of the value of any interest in land by reason of any building erected, works carried out or improvement or alteration made on the relevant land,

if the tribunal is satisfied that the creation of the interest, the erection of the building, the carrying out of the works or the making of the improvement or alteration as part of the authorised development was not reasonably necessary and was undertaken with a view to obtaining compensation or increased compensation.

(2) In paragraph (1) “relevant land” means the land acquired from the person concerned or any other land with which that person is, or was at the time when the building was erected, the works constructed or the improvement or alteration made as part of the authorised development, directly or indirectly concerned.

Set-off for enhancement in value of retained land

34

(1) In assessing the compensation payable to any person in respect of the acquisition from that person under this Order of any land (including the subsoil) the tribunal must set off against the value of the land so acquired any increase in value of any contiguous or adjacent land belonging to that person in the same capacity which will accrue to that person by reason of the construction of the authorised development.

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