Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 of 12 December 2017 implementing Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the determination of the CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 (Text with EEA relevance. )

| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | SCOP | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP01a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP02a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP03a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP.. | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop* ⁽) | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-1d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-2d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-3d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP..d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP01d** | | | | | | | | | | | |

| OPXXa: ascending OPXXd: descending | 11: Volume flow of fuel ⁽⁾ / l/min | 12: Fuel pressure at FCS inlet / kPa | 13: Fuel pressure at FCSS inlet ^(*) / kPa | 14: Fuel temperature at FCSS inlet ^(*) / K | 15: Mass flow of air / g/h | 16: Volume flow of air ⁽⁾ / l/min | 17: Air pressure at APS inlet / kPa | 18: Air temperature at APS inlet / K | 19: Air relative humidity at APS inlet / % | 20: Mass flow of cooling media at TMS inlet / g/h | … |

| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | SCOP | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP01a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP02a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP03a | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP.. | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop* ⁽) | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-1d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-2d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPnop-3d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP..d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OP01d | | | | | | | | | | | | | OPXXa: ascending OPXXd: descending | 21: Volume flow of cooling media at TMS inlet ⁽) / l/h | 22: Temperature of cooling media at TMS inlet / K | 23: Temperature of cooling media at TMS outlet / K | 24: Electric power provided to the FCS from the test cell at PDS / kW | 25: Electric power provided to the FCS from the test cell at PCS / kW | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | SCOP | | | | | | | OP01a | | | | | | | OP02a | | | | | | | OP03a | | | | | | | OP.. | | | | | | | OPnop* ⁽) | | | | | | | OPnop-1d | | | | | | | OPnop-2d | | | | | | | OPnop-3d | | | | | | | OP..d | | | | | | | OP01d | | | | | | | ⁽⁾  if applicable / accessible ^(**)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 | ⁽⁾  if applicable / accessible ⁽)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 | ⁽)  if applicable / accessible ^(**)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 | ⁽⁾  if applicable / accessible ⁽)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 | ⁽)  if applicable / accessible ^(**)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 | ⁽⁾  if applicable / accessible ⁽)  if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density ⁽)  nop: number of different operating points, OPnop is the upper OP during certification as specified in point 7.3.4.1 |

Explanations regarding the table in attachment 3 to FCS information document

The positions of sensors are specified in a schematic manner in figure 5. All values - except for the duration, ARS and REE - are arithmetic mean values at each OP determined over the analysis time, tanlys, defined in accordance with point 7.3.4.4 (i.e. before the averaging step of ascending and descending). For the SCOP the averaging time frame shall be defined by the same time frame length as for the analysis time and shall be located just before the transition to the subsequent OP01a.

The minimum precision requirements of sensors are indicated by a type classification in the respective column in Table 2. The following types are distinguished where type I has the highest precision and type III the lowest:

Type I:	accuracy according to Table 1 of this Annex;
Type II:	accuracy of integrated and accessible sensors (i.e. all FCS integrated automotive sensors are of type II);
Type III:	not applicable or precision not specified: precision according to best practice / common sense.

If the same value is measured by more than one sensor only the numbers determined by the sensor with the higher precision shall be documented. If in the comment column the phrases ‘if applicable’ / ‘if accessible’ are set out, no additional sensors need to be installed.

Table 2

Accuracy requirements of sensors

#	Description	Unit	Type	Comment
01	Duration	s	III	time period in between transition periods of the power/current setpoint
02	ARS	s-1	III	refer to point 7.3.4.5 of this Annex: Absolute value of the Relative Slope
03	REE	-	III	refer to point 7.3.4.5 of this Annex: Relative error of estimate
04	SP el. power demand for FCS at the UUT interface	kW	III	setpoint, if applicable (variant dependent: either PDS,out or PCS,out) (in case Pel is a SP)
05	SP DC current of FCS at the UUT interface	A	III	setpoint, if applicable (variant dependent: either PDS,out or PCS,out) (in case IFCS is a SP)
06	PV el. power output of the FCS at the UUT interface	kW	I	process value, (variant dependent: either PDS,out or PCS,out) label in Figure 5: P_el, PDS or P_el,PCS if not metered directly, but calculated on the basis of U and I values, the U and I sensors shall comply with sensors type I
07	PV DC current at the UUT interface	A	I	process value (variant dependent: either PDS,out or PCS,out)
08	reserved
09	PV voltage at the UUT interface	V	I	process value (variant dependent: either PDS,out or PCS,out)
10	Mass flow of fuel	g/h	I/III	either measured (I) or calculated (III) via density and volume flow, label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_F, FPS
11	Volume flow of fuel	l/min	I	if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density otherwise it can be omitted, label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_F, FPS
12	Fuel pressure at FCS inlet	kPa	I	at interface test cell / UUT
13	Fuel pressure at FCSS inlet	kPa	II	if accessible
14	Fuel temperature at FCSS inlet	K	II	if accessible, else fuel temperature at the FCS inlet
15	Mass flow of air	g/h	I	either measured or calculated via density and volume flow (label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_A, APS)
16	Volume flow of air	l/min	I	if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density otherwise it can be omitted(label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_A, APS)
17	Air pressure at APS inlet	kPa	I	label in Figure 5: p_A, APS
18	Air temperature at APS inlet	K	I	label in Figure 5: T_A, APS
19	Air relative humidity at APS inlet	%	II	relative humidity at FCS inlet / FCS/APS interface; label in Figure 5: RH_A
20	Mass flow of cooling media at TMS	g/h	II	if not metered, it is calculated via volume flow and density, label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_C, TMS
21	Volume flow of cooling media at TMS	l/h	II	if mass flow of media needs to be calculated based on volume flow and density otherwise it can be omitted label in Figure 5: Image omitted; see official source_C, TMS
22	Temperature of cooling media at TMS inlet	K	II	label in Figure 5: T_C, in_TMS
23	Temperature of cooling media at TMS outlet	K	II	label in Figure 5: T_C, out_TMS
24	Electric power provided to the FCS from the test cell at PDS	kW	I	the sum of all electric power supplied from the test cell connected to the FCS either at the location PDS in accordance with Figure 5 or via a separate DC/DC converter
25	Electric power provided to the FCS from the test cell at PCS	kW	I	the sum of all electric power supplied from the test cell connected to the FCS either at the location PCS in accordance with Figure 5 or without a separate DC/DC converter
	…			…
	…			If other values are necessary in order to ensure a reproducibility of the test, those values shall be added as well including if the cooling is in multiple circuits, in which case each cooling flow shall be documented separately.

Appendix 8

Standard values for electric machine system

The following steps shall be performed to generate the input data for the electric machine system based on standard values:

- — Step 1: UN Regulation No. 85 shall be applied for this Appendix unless stated otherwise.

- — Step 2: The maximum torque values as a function of the rotational speed shall be determined from the data generated in accordance with paragraph 5.3.1.4 of UN Regulation No. 85. The data shall be extended in accordance with point 4.3.2 of this Annex.

• — Step 3: The minimum torque values as a function of the rotational speed shall be determined by multiplying the torque values from Step 2 above by minus one.

• — Step 4: The maximum 30 minutes continuous torque and the corresponding rotational speed shall be determined from the data generated in accordance with paragraph 5.3.2.3 of UN Regulation No. 85 as average values over the 30 minutes period. In case no value for the maximum 30 minutes continuous torque in accordance with Regulation No. 85 can be determined or the value determined is 0 Nm, the applicable input data shall be set to 0 Nm and the corresponding rotational speed shall be set to the rated speed determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above.

• — Step 5: The overload characteristics shall be determined from the data generated in accordance with step 2. The overload torque and the corresponding rotational speed shall be calculated as average values over the speed range where the power is equal or greater than 90 % of the maximum power. In case the resulting overload torque is lower than continuous torque, the overload torque shall be set to the 30 minutes continuous torque resulting from step 4. The overload duration t0_maxP shall be defined by the whole duration of the test run performed in accordance with step 2 multiplied by a factor of 0,25.

• — Step 6: The electric power consumption map shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions: (a) A normalised power loss map shall be calculated as a function of normalised speed and torque values in accordance with the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: Ploss,norm = normalised loss power [–] Tnorm,i = normalised torque for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (b)(ii) below [–] ωnorm,j = normalised speed for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (b)(i) below [–] k = loss coefficient [–] m = index regarding torque dependent losses running from 0 to 3 [–] n = index regarding speed dependent losses running from 0 to 3 [–] (b) The normalised speed and torque values to be used for the equation in subpoint (a) above defining the grid points of the normalised loss map shall be: (i) normalised speed: 0,02, 0,20, 0,40, 0,60, 0,80, 1,00, 1,20, 1,40, 1,60, 1,80, 2,00, 2,20, 2,40, 2,60, 2,80, 3,00, 3,20, 3,40, 3,60, 3,80, 4,00 Where the highest rotational speed determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above is located higher than a normalised speed value of 4,00, additional values of normalised speed with an increment of 0,2 shall be added to the existing list in order to cover the required speed range. (ii) normalised torque: – 1,00, – 0,95, – 0,90, – 0,85, – 0,80, – 0,75, – 0,70, – 0,65, – 0,60, – 0,55, – 0,50, – 0,45, – 0,40, – 0,35, – 0,30, – 0,25, – 0,20, – 0,15, – 0,10, – 0,05, – 0,01, 0,01, 0,05, 0,10, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25, 0,30, 0,35, 0,40, 0,45, 0,50, 0,55, 0,60, 0,65, 0,70, 0,75, 0,80, 0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 1,00 (c) The loss coefficient k to be used for the equation in subpoint (a) above shall be defined depending on the indices m and n in accordance with the following tables: (i) In the case of an electric machine of the type PSM:

n 0 1 2 3 m 3 0 0 0 0 2 0,018 0,001 0,03 0 1 0,0067 0 0 0 0 0 0,005 0,0025 0,003 (ii) In the case of an electric machine of all other types except PSM:

n 0 1 2 3 m 3 0 0 0 0 2 0,1 0,03 0,03 0 1 0,01 0 0,001 0 0 0,003 0 0,001 0,001 (d) From the normalised power loss map determined in accordance with subpoints (a) to (c) above, the efficiency shall be calculated in accordance with the following provisions: (i) The grid points for the normalised speed shall be: 0,02, 0,20, 0,40, 0,60, 0,80, 1,00, 1,20, 1,40, 1,60, 1,80, 2,00, 2,20, 2,40, 2,60, 2,80, 3,00, 3,20, 3,40, 3,60, 3,80, 4,00 Where the highest rotational speed determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above is located higher than a normalised speed value of 4,00, additional values of normalised speed with an increment of 0,2 shall be added to the existing list in order to cover the required speed range. (ii) The grid points for the normalised torque shall be: – 1,00, – 0,95, – 0,90, – 0,85, – 0,80, – 0,75, – 0,70, – 0,65, – 0,60, – 0,55, – 0,50, – 0,45, – 0,40, – 0,35, – 0,30, – 0,25, – 0,20, – 0,15, – 0,10, – 0,05, – 0,01, 0,01, 0,05, 0,10, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25, 0,30, 0,35, 0,40, 0,45, 0,50, 0,55, 0,60, 0,65, 0,70, 0,75, 0,80, 0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 1,00 (iii) For each gridpoint defined in accordance with subpoints (d)(i) and (d)(ii) above the efficiency η shall be calculated in accordance with the following equations: — Where the actual value of the grid point for the normalised torque is smaller than zero: Image omitted; see official source Where the resulting value for η is smaller than zero, it shall be set to zero. — Where the actual value of the grid point for the normalised torque is larger than zero: Image omitted; see official source where: η = efficiency [–] Tnorm,i = normalised torque for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(ii) above [–] ωnorm,j = normalised speed for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(i) above [–] Ploss,norm = normalised loss power determined in accordance with subpoints (a) to (c) above [–] (e) From the efficiency map determined in accordance with subpoint (d) above, the actual power loss map of the electric machine system shall be calculated in accordance with the following provisions: (i) For each gridpoint of normalised speed defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(i) above the actual speed values nj shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation: nj = ωnorm,j × nrated where: nj = actual speed [1/min] ωnorm,j = normalised speed for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(i) above [–] nrated = rated speed of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [1/min] (ii) For each gridpoint of normalised torque defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(ii) above the actual torque values Ti shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation: Ti = Tnorm,i × Tmax where: Ti = actual torque [Nm] Tnorm,i = normalised torque for all gridpoints defined in accordance with subpoint (d)(ii) above [–] Tmax = overall maximum torque of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [Nm] (iii) For each gridpoint defined in accordance with subpoints (e)(i) and (e)(ii) above the actual power loss shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation:

Image omitted; see official source

where: Ploss = actual loss power [W] Ti = actual torque [Nm] nj = actual speed [1/min] η = efficiency dependent on normalised speed and torque determined in accordance with subpoint (d) above [–] Tmax = overall maximum torque of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [Nm] nrated = rated speed of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [1/min] (iv) For each gridpoint defined in accordance with subpoints (e)(i) and (e)(ii) above the actual electric inverter power shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: Pel = actual electric inverter power [W] Ploss = actual loss power [W] Ti = actual torque [Nm] nj = actual speed [1/min] (f) The data of the actual electric power map determined in accordance with subpoint (e) above shall be extended in accordance with subpoints (1), (2), (4) and (5) of point 4.3.4 of this Annex.

• — Step 7: The drag curve shall be calculated based on the actual power loss map determined in accordance with subpoint (e) above in accordance with the following provisions: (a) From the power loss values for the two gridpoints defined by the normalised torque Image omitted; see official source, and values of 1,00 and 4,00 for normalised speed Image omitted; see official source, the drag torque depending on actual speed and torque shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation:Image omitted; see official source where: Tdrag = actual drag torque [Nm] Ti = actual torque [Nm] Tmax = overall maximum torque of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [Nm] nj = actual speed [1/min] nrated = rated speed of the electric machine system determined from the data generated in accordance with Step 2 above [1/min] Ploss = actual loss power [W] (b) From the two values of drag torque determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above, a third value of drag torque at zero rotational speed shall be calculated by means of linear extrapolation. (c) From the two values of drag torque determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above, a fourth value of drag torque at the maximum normalised speed value defined in accordance with subpoint (b)(i) of Step 6 above shall be calculated by means of linear extrapolation.

• — Step 8: The rotational inertia shall be determined by one of the following options: (a) Option 1: Based on the actual rotational inertia defined by the geometric form and the density of the respective materials of the rotor of the electric machine. Data and methods from a CAD software tool may be used to derive the actual rotational inertia of the rotor of the electric machine. The detailed method for determining the rotational inertia shall be agreed with the type approval authority. (b) Option 2: Based on the outer dimensions of the rotor of the electric machine. A hollow cylinder shall be defined to fit the dimensions of the rotor of the electric machine in a way that: (i) The outer diameter of the cylinder matches the point of the rotor with the largest distance from the rotational axis of the rotor assessed along a straight line orthogonal to the rotational axis of the rotor. (ii) The inner diameter of the cylinder matches the point of the rotor with the smallest distance from the rotational axis of the rotor assessed along a straight line orthogonal to the rotational axis of the rotor. (iii) The length of the cylinder matches the distance between the two points located furthest from each other assessed along a straight line parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor. For the hollow cylinder defined in accordance with subpoints (i) to (iii) above the rotational inertia shall be calculated with a material density of 7 850  kg/m³.

Appendix 9

Standard values for IEPC

In order to allow using the provisions defined in this Appendix to generate input data for IEPC based fully or partially on standard values, the following conditions shall be fulfilled.

Where more than one electric machine system is part of the IEPC, all electric machines shall have the exact same specifications. Where more than one electric machine system is part of the IEPC, all electric machines shall be connected to the torque path of the IEPC at the same reference position (i.e. either upstream of gearbox or downstream of gearbox) where all electric machines shall be run at the same rotational speed at this reference position and their individual torque (power) shall be added by any kind of summation gearbox.

• (1)One of the following options shall be used to generate the input data for IEPC, based fully or partially on standard values:

• — Option 1: only standard values for all components part of the IEPC (a) The standard values for the electric machine system as part of the IEPC shall be determined in accordance with Appendix 8. Where multiple electric machines are part of the IEPC, the standard values in accordance with Appendix 8 shall be determined for a single electric machine and all figures for torque and power (mechanical and electrical) shall be multiplied by the total number of electric machines being part of the IEPC. The resulting values from this multiplication shall be used for all further steps in this Appendix. The value for rotational inertia determined in accordance with Step 8 of Appendix 8 of this Annex shall be multiplied by the total number of electric machines being part of the IEPC. (b) Where a gearbox is included in the IEPC, the standard values for the IEPC shall be determined for each forward gear separately for the electric power consumption map, and only for the gear with the gear ratio closest to 1 for all other input data in accordance with the following procedure: (i) The standard values for losses in the gearbox shall be determined in accordance with point (2) of this Appendix. (ii) For step number (i) above the rotational speed and torque points defined at the shaft of the electric machine system determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be used as rotational speed and torque values at the input shaft of the gearbox. (iii) In order to generate the required input data for IEPC in accordance with Appendix 15 referring to the output shaft of the gearbox, all torque values referring to the output shaft of the electric machine determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be converted to the output shaft of the gearbox by the following equation: Ti,GBX = (Ti,EM – Ti,l,in (nj,EM, Ti,EM, gear)) × igear where: Ti,GBX = torque at output shaft of gearbox Ti,EM = torque at output shaft of electric machine system Ti,l,in = torque loss for each shiftable forward gear related to the input shaft of the gearbox parts of the IEPC determined in accordance with point (b)(i) above nj,EM = Speed at the output shaft of electric machine system at which Ti,EM was measured [rpm] igear = gear ratio of a specific gear [-] (where gear = 1, …, highest gear number) (iv) In order to generate the required input data for IEPC in accordance with Appendix 15 referring to the output shaft of the gearbox, all speed values referring to the output shaft of the electric machine determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be converted to the output shaft of the gearbox by the following equation: nj,GBX = nj,EM / igear where: nj,EM = Speed at the output shaft of electric machine [rpm] igear = gear ratio of a specific gear [-] (where gear = 1, …, highest gear number) (c) Where a differential is included in the IEPC, the standard values for the differential shall be determined for each forward gear separately for the electric power consumption map and only for the for the gear with the gear ratio closest to 1 for all other input data in accordance with the following steps: (i) The standard values for losses in the differential shall be determined in accordance with point (3) of this Appendix. (ii) The torque points defined at the output shaft of the gearbox being part of the IEPC determined in accordance with subpoint (b) above shall be used as torque values at the input of the differential. Where no gearbox is included in the IEPC, the torque points defined at the output shaft of the electric machine system determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be used as torque values at the input of the differential for step number (i) above. (iii) In order to generate the required input data for IEPC in accordance with Appendix 15 referring to the output of the differential, all torque values referring to the output shaft of either the gearbox (where a gearbox is included in the IEPC) determined in accordance with step number (iii) of subpoint (b) above or the electric machine system (in the case that no gearbox is included in the IEPC) determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be converted to the output of the differential by the following equation: Ti,diff,out = (Ti,diff,in – Ti,diff,l,in (Ti,diff,in)) × idiff where: Ti,diff,out = torque at output of differential Ti,diff,in = torque at input of differential Ti,diff,l,in = torque loss related to the input of the differential dependent on the input torque determined in accordance with point (c)(i) above idiff = differential gear ratio [-] (iv) In order to generate the required input data for IEPC in accordance with Appendix 15 referring to the output of the differential, all speed values referring to the output shaft of either the gearbox (where a gearbox is included in the IEPC) determined in accordance with step number (iv) of subpoint (b) above or the electric machine system (where no gearbox is included in the IEPC) determined in accordance with subpoint (a) above shall be converted to the output of the differential by the following equation: nj,diff,out = nj,diff,in / idiff where: nj,diff,in = speed at input of differential [rpm] idiff = differential gear ratio [-]

• — Option 2: measurement of electric machine system as part of the IEPC and standard values for other components of IEPC (a) The measured component data for the electric machine system as part of the IEPC shall be determined in accordance with point 4 of this Annex. In the case of multiple electric machines being part of the IEPC, the component data shall be determined for a single electric machine and all figures for torque and power (mechanical and electrical) shall be multiplied by the total number of electric machines being part of the IEPC. The resulting values from this multiplication shall be used for all further steps in this Appendix. The value for rotational inertia determined in accordance with point 8 of Appendix 8 of this Annex shall be multiplied by the total number of electric machines being part of the IEPC. (b) Where a gearbox is included in the IEPC, the standard values for the IEPC shall be determined for each forward gear separately for the electric power consumption map and only for the gear with the gear ratio closest to 1 for all other input data in accordance with the provisions of Option 1(b) above. In this context all references in Option 1(b) to subpoint (a) shall be understood as references to subpoint (a) of Option 2. (c) Where a differential is included in the IEPC, the standard values for the differential shall be determined for each forward gear separately for the electric power consumption map and only for the gear with the gear ratio closest to 1 for all other input data in accordance with Option 1(c) above. In this context all references in Option 1(c) to subpoint (b) shall be understood as references to subpoint (b) of Option 2.

• (2)IEPC internal component gearbox

• The torque loss Tgbx,l,in for each shiftable forward gear related to the input shaft of the gearbox parts of the IEPC shall be calculated in accordance with the following provisions:

• (a) Tgbx,l,in (nin, Tin, gear) = Td0 + Td1000 ×nin / 1000 rpm + fT,gear ×|Tin| where: Tgbx,l,in = Torque loss related to the input shaft [Nm] Tdx = Drag torque at x rpm [Nm] nin = Speed at the input shaft [rpm] fT,gear = Gear dependent torque loss coefficient [-]; determined acc. to subpoints (b)-(f) below Tin = Torque at the input shaft [Nm] gear = 1, …, highest gear number [-]

• (b) The values of the equation shall be determined for all transmission gears located downstream of the EM output shaft.

• (c) Where a differential is included in the IEPC, the values of the equation shall be determined for all transmission gears located downstream of the EM output shaft and upstream of, but excluding the gear mesh with the differential input gear. The gear mesh with the differential input gear can be an external-external gear mesh (either spur or bevel) or a single planetary gearset.

• (d) In the case of wheel hub motors, the values of the equation shall be determined for all transmission gears located downstream of the EM output shaft and upstream of the wheel hub.

• (e) The value for fT shall be determined in accordance with paragraph 3.1.1 of Annex VI.

- (f) The value for fT shall be 0,007 for a direct gear.

- (g) The values for Td0 and Td1000 shall be 0,0075 × Tmax,in for gearboxes with more than 2 friction shift clutches.

• (h) The values for Td0 and Td1000 shall be 0,0025 × Tmax,in for all other gearboxes.

• (i) Tmax,in shall be the overall maximum value of all individual maximum allowed input torque for each forward gear of the gearbox in [Nm].

• (3)IEPC internal component differential

• The torque loss Tdiff,l,in related to the input of the differential parts of the IEPC shall be calculated in accordance with the following provisions:

• (a) Tdiff,l,in (Tin) = ηdiff ×Tdiff,d0 / idiff + (1 - ηdiff) ×|Tin| where: Tdiff,l,in = Torque loss related to the input of the differential [Nm] Tdiff,d0 = Drag torque [Nm] determined acc. to subpoints (e)-(f) below ηdiff = Torque dependent efficiency [-]; determined acc. to subpoints (b)-(d) below Tin = Torque at the input of the differential [Nm] idiff = differential gear ratio [-]

• (b) The values of the equation shall be determined for all gear meshes of the differential including the gear mesh with the differential input gear.

• (c) The value for ηdiff shall be determined in accordance with paragraph 3.1.1 of Annex VI, where in the respective equations ηm shall be set to 0,98 in the case of a bevel gear mesh.

• (d) The losses in the differential internal gears are shall be ignored for the calculations performed in accordance with subpoints (b)-(c) above.

• (e) In the case of a differential that includes a bevel gear mesh at the differential crown gear, the value for Tdiff,d0 shall be determined based on the following equation: Tdiff,d0 = 25 Nm + 15 Nm × idiff

• (f) In the case of a differential that includes a spur gear mesh or single planetary gearset at the differential input gear, the value for Tdiff,d0 shall be determined based on the following equation: Tdiff,d0 = 25 Nm + 5 Nm × idiff

Appendix 10

Standard values for REESS

• (1)Battery system or representative battery subsystem

• The following steps shall be performed to generate the input data for the battery system or representative battery subsystem based on standard values:

- (a) The battery type shall be determined based on the numerical ratio between maximum current in A (as indicated in accordance with point 1.4.4 of Annex 6 – Appendix 2 of UN Regulation No. 100 (***) and capacity in Ah (as indicated in accordance with point 1.4.3 of Annex 6 – Appendix 2 of UN Regulation No. 100). The battery type shall be ‘high-energy battery system (HEBS)’ where this ratio is lower than 10 and shall be ‘high-power battery system (HPBS)’ where this ratio is equal to or higher than 10.

• (b) The rated capacity shall be the value in Ah based on the capacity of single cells indicated on the datasheet from the cell manufacturer considering the arrangement of the single cells in parallel and series configuration. The resulting value for total capacity shall be multiplied by a factor of 0,9.

• (c) The OCV as a function of SOC shall be determined based on the nominal voltage in V, Vnom, as indicated in accordance with paragraph 1.4.1 of Annex 6 – Appendix 2 of UN Regulation No. 100. The values of OCV for different levels of SOC shall be calculated in accordance with the following table: SOC [%] OCV [V] 0 0,88 × Vnom 10 0,94 × Vnom 50 1,00 × Vnom 90 1,06 × Vnom 100 1,12 × Vnom

• (d) The DCIR shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:
• (i) For HPBS in accordance with subpoint (a) the different values of DCIR shall be calculated by dividing the specific resistance of in [mOhm × Ah] as set out in the following table by the rated capacity in Ah as defined in accordance with subpoint (b) and multiplying the resulting value by the number of cells connected in series as indicated in accordance with Appendix 2, point 1.3.2, of Annex 6 to UN Regulation No 100: DCIR Specific resistance in [mOhm × Ah] DCIR RI2 40 DCIR RI10 45 DCIR RI20 50
• (ii) For HEBS in accordance with subpoint (a) the different values of DCIR shall be calculated by dividing the specific resistance in [mOhm × Ah] in the following table by the rated capacity in Ah as defined in accordance with subpoint (b) and multiplying the resulting value by the number of cells connected in series as indicated in accordance with Appendix 2, point 1.3.2, of Annex 6 to UN Regulation No 100: DCIR Specific resistance in [mOhm × Ah] DCIR RI2 210 DCIR RI10 240 DCIR RI20 270 DCIR RI120 390

• (e) The values for maximum charging and maximum discharging current shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:
• (i) For HPBS in accordance with subpoint (a) the values for maximum charging and maximum discharging current dependent on the SOC level shall be set to the respective current in A corresponding to the C-rates (nC) set out in the following table: SOC [%] C-rate (nC) for maximum charging current C-rate (nC) for maximum discharging current 0 9,0 0,0 30 9,0 50,0 80 9,0 50,0 100 0,0 50,0
• (ii) For HEBS in accordance with subpoint (a) the values for maximum charging and maximum discharging current dependent on the SOC level shall be set to the respective current in A corresponding to the C-rates (nC) set out in the following table: SOC [%] C-rate (nC) for maximum charging current C-rate (nC) for maximum discharging current 0 0,9 0,0 30 0,9 5,0 80 0,9 5,0 100 0,0 5,0 Absolute values for both, maximum charging and maximum discharging current, shall be used as final values.

• (2)Capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem

• The following steps shall be performed to generate the input data for the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem based on standard values:

- (a) The capacitance shall be the rated capacitance as indicated in the datasheet of the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem. The actual capacitance of the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem may be determined by scaling up the rated capacitance of a single capacitor cell in accordance with the arrangement (i.e. series and/or parallel) of the single cells in the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem.

- (b) The maximum voltage, Vmax,Cap, shall be the rated voltage as indicated in the datasheet of the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem. The actual maximum voltage of the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem may be determined by scaling up the rated voltage of a single capacitor cell in accordance with the arrangement (i.e. series and/or parallel) of the single cells in the capacitor system or representative capacitor subsystem.

- (c) The minimum voltage, Vmin,Cap, shall be the value of Vmax,Cap determined in accordance with subpoint (b) above multiplied by 0,45.

• (d) The internal resistance shall be determined in accordance with the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: RI,Cap = Internal resistance [Ohm] RI,ref = Reference for internal resistance with a numeric value of 0,00375 [Ohm] Vmax,Cap = Maximum voltage as defined in accordance with subpoint (b) above [V] Vmin,Cap = Minimum voltage as defined in accordance with subpoint (c) above [V] Vref = Reference for maximum voltage with a numeric value of 2,7 [V] Cref = Reference for capacitance with a numeric value of 3 000  [F] CCap = Capacitance as defined in accordance with subpoint (a) above [F] nser = number of cells connected in series as defined in accordance with subpoint (a) above [-]

• (e) The values for both, maximum charging and maximum discharging current, shall be calculated by multiplying the value of the capacitance in F as defined in accordance with subpoint (a) above by a factor of 5,0 [A/F]. Absolute values for both, maximum charging and maximum discharging current, shall be used as final values.

Appendix 11

Standard values for FCS

The following steps shall be performed to generate the input data for the FCS based on standard values:

• (a) The input data for the FCS required in accordance with Appendix 15 shall be determined based on the maximum electrical power output of the FCS in accordance with Appendix 1, point 4.6., of Annex 6 to UN Regulation No 100.

- (b) In case that more than one FCS are installed in the vehicle, the parameter in accordance with subpoint (a) shall be declared for each individual FCS separately and also the determination of input data shall be done for each individual FCS separately in accordance with the corresponding required input defined in Table 11a of Annex III to this Regulation).

- (c) The values of fuel mass flow as a function of electrical power output shall be calculated based on the generic efficiency values in accordance with the following table:

Normalized power [-] Efficiency [%] 0,01 3,67 0,05 18,33 0,10 36,67 0,125 45,83 0,15 55,00 0,20 54,12 0,25 53,24 0,30 52,35 0,35 51,47 0,40 50,59 0,45 49,71 0,50 48,82 0,55 47,94 0,60 47,06 0,65 46,18 0,70 45,29 0,75 44,41 0,80 43,53 0,85 42,65 0,90 41,76 0,95 40,88 1,000 40,00

• (d) The values of fuel mass flow and the corresponding electrical power output shall be determined in accordance with the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: ṁ fuel = fuel mass flow [g/h] Prated,el = maximum electrical power output of the FCS as defined in accordance with subpoint (a) above [kW] Pnorm,i = normalized electrical power output of the FCS for all values i as defined in accordance with subpoint (c) above [-] etai = efficiency of the FCS for all values i as defined in accordance with subpoint (c) above corresponding to Pnorm,i [%] NCVstd,H2 = standard net calorific value of hydrogen in accordance with point 5.3.3.1 [MJ/kg] Image omitted; see official source where: PFCS,el,i = electrical power output of the FCS [kW] Prated,el = maximum electrical power output of the FCS as defined in accordance with subpoint (a) above [kW] Pnorm,i = normalized electrical power output of the FCS for all values i as defined in accordance with subpoint (c) above [-]

Appendix 12

Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties

• 1.1Every electric machine system or IEPC shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved type with regard to the description as given in the certificate and its annexes. The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties procedures shall comply with those set out in Article 31 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

• 1.2Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked on the basis of the description in the certificates and information packages annexed thereto as set out in Appendices 2 and 3 of this Annex.

• 1.3Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be assessed in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in this paragraph.

• 1.4The component manufacturer shall test annually at least the number of units indicated in Table 1 based on the total annual production number of electric machine systems or IEPCs produced by the component manufacturer. For the purpose of establishing the annual production numbers, only electric machine systems or IEPCs which fall under the requirements of this Regulation and for which no standard values were used shall be considered.

• 1.5For total annual production volumes up to 4,000, the choice of the family for which the tests shall be performed shall be agreed between the component manufacturer and the approval authority.

• 1.6For total annual production volumes above 4,000, the family with the highest production volume shall always be tested. The component manufacturer shall justify to the approval authority the number of tests which has been performed and the choice of the family. The remaining families for which the tests are to be performed shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the approval authority.

Table 1

Sample size conformity testing

Total annual production of either electric machine systems or IEPCs	Annual number of tests	Alternatively
0 – 1 000	n.a.	1 test every 3 years [^E0092]
1 001 – 2 000	n.a.	1 test every 2 years [^E0092]
2 001 – 4 000	1	n.a.
4 001 – 10 000	2	n.a.
10 001 – 20 000	3	n.a.
20 001 – 30 000	4	n.a.
30 001 – 40 000	5	n.a.
40 001 – 50 000	6	n.a.
> 50 000	7	n.a.

The CoP test shall be performed in the first year

• 1.7.For the purpose of the conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties testing the approval authority shall identify together with the component manufacturer the electric machine system or IEPC type(s) to be tested. The approval authority shall ensure that the selected electric machine system or IEPC type(s) is manufactured to the same standards as for serial production.

• 1.8If the result of a test performed in accordance with point 1.9 is higher than the one specified in point 1.9.4, 3 additional units from the same family shall be tested. If any of them fails, Article 23 shall apply.

• 1.9Production conformity testing of electric machine system or IEPC

• 1.9.1Boundaries conditions

• All boundary conditions as specified in this Annex for the certification testing shall apply unless stated otherwise in this paragraph.

• The cooling power shall be within the limits as specified in this Annex for the certification testing.

• The measurement shall only be performed for one of the voltage levels indicated in paragraph 4.1.3 of this Annex. The voltage level for testing shall be chosen by the component manufacturer.

• The measurement equipment specifications defined in accordance with paragraph 3.1 of this Annex do not need to be fulfilled for CoP testing.

• 1.9.2Test run

• Two different setpoints shall be measured. After the measurement at the first setpoint is completed, the system may be cooled down in accordance with the component manufacturer’s recommendations by running at a particular setpoint defined by the component manufacturer.

• For setpoint 1 the test of overload characteristics shall be performed in accordance with paragraph 4.2.5 of this Annex.

• For setpoint 2 the test of maximum 30 minutes continuous torque shall be performed in accordance with paragraph 4.2.4 of this Annex.

• 1.9.3Post-processing of results

- All values of mechanical and electrical power determined in accordance with paragraphs 4.2.5.3 and 4.2.4.3 shall be corrected for uncertainty deviation of CoP measurement equipment in accordance with the following provisions:

• (a) The difference in measurement equipment uncertainty in % between component type approval and CoP testing in accordance with this Appendix shall be calculated for the measurement systems used for rotational speed, torque, current and voltage.

• (b) The difference in uncertainty in % referred to in subpoint (a) above shall be calculated for both, the analyser reading and the maximum calibration value defined in accordance with paragraph 3.1 of this Annex.

• (c) The total difference in uncertainty for electrical power shall be calculated based on the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: ΔuU,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for voltage measurement [%] ΔuU,value difference in uncertainty for analyser reading for voltage measurement [%] ΔuI,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for current measurement [%] ΔuI,value difference in uncertainty for analyser reading for current measurement [%]

• (d) The total difference in uncertainty for mechanical power shall be calculated based on the following equation: Image omitted; see official source where: ΔuT,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for torque measurement [%] ΔuT,value difference in uncertainty for analyser reading for torque measurement [%] Δun,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for rotational speed measurement [%] Δun,value difference in uncertainty for analyser reading for rotational speed measurement [%]

• (e) All measured values of mechanical power shall be corrected based on the following equation: P mech = Pmech,meas (1 – ΔuP,mech,CoP)* where: Pmech,meas measured value of mechanical power ΔuP,mech,CoP total difference in uncertainty for mechanical power in accordance with subpoint (d) above

• (f) All measured values of electrical power shall be corrected based on the following equation: P el = Pel,meas (1 + ΔuP,el,CoP)* where: Pel,meas measured value of electrical power ΔuP,el,CoP total difference in uncertainty for electrical power in accordance with subpoint (c) above

• 1.9.4Evaluation of results

• From the values for each of the two different setpoints determined in accordance with paragraphs 1.9.2 and 1.9.3, the efficiency figures shall be determined dividing the corrected mechanical power P mech by the corrected electrical power P el.

- The total efficiency during conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties testing ηA,CoP shall be calculated by the arithmetic mean value of the two efficiency figures.

• The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties test is passed when the difference between ηA,CoP and ηA,TA is lower than 3 % of the type approved efficiency ηA,TA. In the case of an IEPC with either a gearbox or a differential included, the limit for passing the CoP test is raised to 4 % instead of 3. In the case of an IEPC with both a gearbox and a differential included, the limit for passing the CoP test is raised to 5 % instead of 3.

• The type approved efficiency ηA,TA shall be calculated by the arithmetic mean value of the two efficiency figures determined in accordance with paragraphs 4.3.5 and 4.3.6 and documented in the information document during component certification.

• 2.1Every IHPC shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved type with regard to the description as given in the certificate and its annexes. The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties procedures shall comply with those set out in Article 31 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

- 2.2Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked on the basis of the description in the certificates and information packages annexed thereto as set out in Appendix 4 of this Annex.

- 2.3Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be assessed in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in paragraph 1 of this Appendix where the provisions defined for IEPC in the respective paragraphs shall be applied unless stated otherwise.

• 2.4Notwithstanding the provisions in paragraph 2.3 of this Appendix, the following provisions shall be applied:

• (a) Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked only for individual types of IHPC Type 1 instead of families since definition of families is not allowed for IHPCs Type 1 in accordance with paragraph 4.4 of this Annex.

• (b) The allocation of the number of tests to be performed to a individual type shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the approval authority.

• (c) All references to families in the respective paragraphs shall be interpreted as references to individual types.

• (d) The type approved efficiency ηA,TA shall be calculated by the arithmetic mean value of the two efficiency figures determined in accordance with paragraphs 4.3.5 and 4.3.6 and recorded in the information document during component certification. For these two efficiency figures the post-processing steps described in paragraph 4.4.2.3 of this Annex shall not be performed.

• 3.1Every battery system or representative battery subsystem shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved type with regard to the description as given in the certificate and its annexes. The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties procedures shall comply with those set out in Article 31 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

• 3.2Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked on the basis of the description in the certificates and information packages annexed thereto as set out in Appendix 5 of this Annex.

• 3.3Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be assessed in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in this paragraph.

• 3.4The component manufacturer shall test annually at least the number of units indicated in Table 2 based on the total annual production number of battery systems or representative battery subsystems produced by the component manufacturer. For the purpose of establishing the annual production numbers, only battery systems or representative battery subsystems which fall under the requirements of this Regulation and for which no standard values were used shall be considered.

Table 2

Sample size conformity testing

Total annual production of battery systems or representative battery subsystems	Annual number of tests	Alternatively
0 – 3 000	n.a.	1 test every 3 years [^E0093]
3 001 – 6 000	n.a.	1 test every 2 years [^E0093]
6 001 – 12 000	1	n.a.
12 001 – 30 000	2	n.a.
30 001 – 60 000	3	n.a.
60 001 – 90 000	4	n.a.
90 001 – 120 000	5	n.a.
120 001 – 150 000	6	n.a.
> 150 000	7	n.a.

The CoP test shall be performed in the first year

• 3.5.For the purpose of the conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties testing the approval authority shall identify together with the component manufacturer the type(s) of battery system or representative battery subsystem to be tested. The approval authority shall ensure that the selected type(s) of battery system or representative battery subsystem is manufactured to the same standards as for serial production.

• 3.6If the result of a test performed in accordance with point 3.7 is higher than the one specified in point 3.7.4., 3 additional units from the same type shall be tested. If any of them fails, Article 23 shall apply.

• 3.7Production conformity testing of battery system or representative battery subsystem

• 3.7.1Boundaries conditions

• All boundary conditions as specified in this Annex for the certification testing shall apply.

• 3.7.2Test run

• Two different tests shall be performed.

• For test 1 the test procedure for rated capacity shall be performed in accordance with paragraph 5.4.1 of this Annex.

• For test 2 the following procedure shall be performed:

• (a) Test 2 shall be performed after test 1.

• (b) After the battery UUT was fully charged in accordance with the specifications of the component manufacturer and thermal equilibration in accordance with paragraph 5.1.1 was reached, a standard cycle in accordance with paragraph 5.3 shall be performed.

• (c) Within a period of 1 to 3 hours after the end of the standard cycle, the actual test run shall be started. Otherwise, the procedure in the preceding subpoint (b) shall be repeated.

• (d) In order to reach the required SOC levels for testing as defined in subpoints (e) and (f) from the initial condition of the battery UUT, it shall be discharged at a constant current rate of 3C for HPBS and of 1C for HEBS.

• (e) For HPBS the actual test run shall consist of a 20-second discharge at 80 % SOC with the maximum discharge current Idischg_max as documented during component type approval and of a 20-second charge at 20 % SOC with the maximum charge current Ichg_max as documented during component type approval.

- (f) For HEBS the actual test run shall consist of a 120-second discharge at 90 % SOC with the maximum discharge current Idischg_max as documented during component type approval and of a 120-second charge at 20 % SOC with the maximum charge current Ichg_max as documented during component type approval.

• (g) During the actual test run described in subpoints (e) and (f) above, the discharging and charging currents shall be recorded over the respective durations specified.

• 3.7.3Post-processing of results

• For HPBS the discharging current at 80 % SOC and the charging current at 20 % SOC shall be averaged over the measurement period of 20 seconds.

• For HEBS the discharging current at 90 % SOC and the charging current at 20 % SOC shall be averaged over the measurement period of 120 seconds.

- Absolute numbers shall be used for both average values, discharging and charging current.

- 3.7.4Evaluation of results

• The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties test is passed when all of the following criteria are fulfilled:

• (a) CCoP ≥ 0,95 CTA where: CCoP Rated capacity determined in accordance with paragraph 3.7.2 [Ah] CTA Rated capacity determined during component type approval [Ah]

• (b) (ηBAT,CoP – ηBAT,TA) ≤ 3% where: ηBAT,CoP Round trip efficiency determined in accordance with paragraph 3.7.2 [-] ηBAT,TA Round trip efficiency determined during component type approval [-]

• (c) Idischg_max,CoP ≥ Idischg_max,TA where: Idischg_max,CoP Maximum discharge current determined in accordance with paragraph 3.7.2 (at 80 % SOC for HPBS and at 90 % SOC for HEBS) [A] Idischg_max,TA Maximum discharge current determined during component type approval (at 80 % SOC for HPBS and at 90 % SOC for HEBS) [A]

• (d) Ichg_max,CoP ≥ Ichg_max,TA where: Ichg_max,CoP Maximum charge current determined in accordance with paragraph 3.7.2 (at 20 % SOC) [A] Ichg_max,TA Maximum charge current determined during component type approval (at 20 % SOC) [A]

• 4.1Every capacitor systems shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved type with regard to the description as given in the certificate and its annexes. The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties procedures shall comply with those set out in Article 31 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

• 4.2Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked on the basis of the description in the certificates and information packages annexed thereto as set out in Appendix 6 of this Annex.

• 4.3Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be assessed in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in this paragraph.

• 4.4The component manufacturer shall test annually at least the number of units indicated in Table 3 based on the total annual production number of capacitor systems produced by the component manufacturer. For the purpose of establishing the annual production numbers, only capacitor systems which fall under the requirements of this Regulation and for which no standard values were used shall be considered.

Table 3

Sample size conformity testing

Total annual production of capacitor systems	Annual number of tests	Alternatively
0 – 3 000	n.a.	1 test every 3 years [^E0094]
3 001 – 6 000	n.a.	1 test every 2 years [^E0094]
6 001 – 12 000	1	n.a.
12 001 – 30 000	2	n.a.
30 001 – 60 000	3	n.a.
60 001 – 90 000	4	n.a.
90 001 – 120 000	5	n.a.
120 001 – 150 000	6	n.a.
> 150 000	7	n.a.

The CoP test shall be performed in the first year

• 4.5.For the purpose of the conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties testing the approval authority shall identify together with the component manufacturer the type(s) of capacitor systems to be tested. The approval authority shall ensure that the selected type(s) of capacitor systems is manufactured to the same standards as for serial production.

- 4.6If the result of a test performed in accordance with point 4.7 is higher than the one specified in point 4.7.4., 3 additional units from the same type shall be tested. If any of them fails, Article 23 shall apply.

• 4.7Production conformity testing of capacitor systems

• 4.7.1Boundaries conditions

• All boundary conditions as specified in this Annex for the certification testing shall apply.

• 4.7.2Test run

- The test procedure shall be performed in accordance with paragraph 6.3 of this Annex.

- 4.7.3Post-processing of results

• The post-processing of results shall be performed in accordance with paragraph 6.4 of this Annex.

• 4.7.4Evaluation of results

• The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties test is passed when all of the following criteria are fulfilled:

• (a) (CCoP / CTA) – 1 < ± 3 % where: CCoP Capacitance determined in accordance with paragraph 4.7.2 [F] CTA Capacitance determined during component type approval [F]

• (b) (RCoP / RTA) – 1 < ± 3 % where: RCoP Internal resistance determined in accordance with paragraph 4.7.2 [Ohm] RTA Internal resistance determined during component type approval [Ohm]

• 5.1Every FCS shall be manufactured to conform to the approved type with regard to the description as given in the certificate and its annexes. The conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties procedures shall comply with those set out in Article 31 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858.

• 5.2Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be checked on the basis of the description in the certificates and information packages annexed thereto as set out in Appendix 7.

• 5.3Conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties shall be assessed in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in point 5.

• 5.4The component manufacturer shall test annually the number of units indicated in Table 4 based on the total annual production number of fuel cell systems produced by the component manufacturer. For the purpose of establishing the annual production numbers, only fuel cell systems which fall under the requirements of this Regulation and for which no standard values were used shall be considered.

Table 4

Sample size conformity testing

Number of relevant fuel cell systems produced the year before [^E0096]	Annual number of tests
0 – 3 000	1 test every 3 years [^E0095]
3 001 – 6 000	1 test every 2 years [^E0095]
6 001 – 12 000	1
12 001 – 30 000	2
30 001 – 60 000	3
60 001 – 90 000	4
90 001 – 120 000	5
120 001 – 150 000	6
> 150 000	7

The CoP test shall be performed in the first year.

Only fuel cell systems which fall under the requirements of this Regulation and which did not get standard values according to Appendix 11 shall be considered.

• 5.5The approval authority shall identify together with the component manufacturer the type(s) of fuel cell systems to be tested for the conformity of the certified CO2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties. The approval authority shall ensure that the selected type(s) of fuel cell systems is manufactured to the same standards as for serial production.

• 5.6If the result of a test performed in accordance with point 5.7 does not fulfill the pass criteria set out in point 5.7.4., three additional units from the same type shall be tested. If any of them fails, Article 23 shall apply.

• 5.7Conformity of production of testing of fuel cell systems

• 5.7.1Boundaries conditions

• All boundary conditions laid down in this Annex for the certification testing shall apply unless stated otherwise in this paragraph.

• The measurement equipment specifications defined in accordance with point 3.1 do not need to be fulfilled for CoP testing.

• The CoP testing may be conducted with regular market fuel. However, at the manufacturer's request, the reference fuel set out in point 7.1.1 may be used.

• 5.7.2Testrun

• The test procedure shall be performed in accordance with point 7.3.4 following all principles set out therein but with a reduced number of OPs to be measured. The manufacturer may as an alternative option select to measure the complete set of OP from the original component certification following the exact same provisions and boundary conditions as applied during the original component certification and documented in the information document set out in Appendix 7.

• The target OPs to be measured shall be defined by the normalized set power, P@OPxxnorm, calculated in accordance with the following equation:

Image omitted; see official source

• where:

P@OPxx	:	target electrical FCS power output at a certain OP between lowest and highest with the identifier xx running from 01 to nop
---	---	---
P@OPnop	:	target electrical FCS power output at highest OP

• The target OPs to be measured for CoP testing shall be selected out of the target OPs from the original component certification defined in accordance with point 7.3.4.1 and recorded in the information document set out in Appendix 7 during component certification. The target OPs to be selected shall be defined by the normalized set power values in accordance with the following points (a) to (e):

• (a) OP next lower or equal to 0,15 In case there is no OP lower or equal to 0.15 existing, the lowest OP out of the target OPs from the original component certification shall be used.

• (b) OP next higher to 0,15 In case this OP is already selected for CoP under point (a), the next highest OP out of the target OPs from the original component certification shall be used.

• (c) OP closest to 0,4 In case the next lower and next higher OP are exactly equidistant to 0.4, the next lower OP shall be used for CoP testing. In case this OP is already selected for CoP under point (b), the next highest OP out of the target OPs from the original component certification shall be used.

• (d) OP next lower to 0,7 In case this OP is selected for CoP under point (c), the next highest OP out of the target OPs from the original component certification shall be used.

• (e) OP equal to 1,0 In case this OP is already selected for CoP under point (d), it shall be measured only once. With the target OPs to be measured for CoP testing, the provisions of point 7.3.4 including all its subpoints shall apply in order to determine the values of P FCS, avg and

Image omitted; see official source . In that context, target OPs to be measured with the normalized set power of 1 shall be considered as OPnop and only measured once whereas all other target OPs shall be measured twice (i.e. in the ascending and descending path).

• 5.7.3Post-processing of results

• All values of of P FCS, avg determined in accordance with point 5.7.2 shall be processed in accordance with point 7.5 of this Annex to derive the values of final effective electrical power output P*el,FCS,net.

• Subsequently, the resulting values of P*el,FCS,net and

Image omitted; see official source determined in accordance with point 5.7.2 shall be corrected for uncertainty deviation of CoP measurement equipment in accordance with points (a) to (f):

- (a) The difference in measurement equipment uncertainty in percent between component type approval and CoP testing in accordance with this Appendix shall be calculated for the measurement systems used for current, voltage and fuel mass flow.

- (b) The difference in uncertainty in percent referred to in subpoint (a) shall be calculated for both, the analyzer reading and the maximum calibration value defined in accordance with point 3.1 of this Annex.

- (c) The total difference in uncertainty for electrical power shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation:

Image omitted; see official source where: ΔuU,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for voltage measurement [%] ΔuU,value difference in uncertainty for analyzer reading for voltage measurement [%] ΔuI,max calib difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for current measurement [%] ΔuI,value difference in uncertainty for analyzer reading for current measurement [%]

- (d) The total difference in uncertainty for fuel mass flow shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation:

Image omitted; see official source where: Image omitted; see official source difference in uncertainty for maximum calibration value for fuel mass flow measurement [%] Image omitted; see official source difference in uncertainty for analyzer reading for fuel mass flow measurement [%]

• (e) All values of Pel,FCS,net determined in accordance with point 7.5 of this Annex shall be corrected in accordance with the following equation: Pel,CoP = P*el,FCS,net (1 - ΔuP,el,CoP) where: ΔuP,el,CoP total difference in uncertainty for electrical power in accordance with subpoint (c)

- (f) Image omitted; see official source

mF,CoP =

Image omitted; see official source (1 +

Image omitted; see official source ) where: Image omitted; see official source total difference in uncertainty for fuel mass flow in accordance with subpoint (d)

- 5.7.4Evaluation of results

• For each target OP for CoP testing, the specific fuel consumption, SFCCoP, shall be calculated from the corresponding values of Pel,CoP and mF,CoP determined in accordance with point 5.7.3 by dividing mF,CoP by Pel,CoP.